GREEN ARCHITECTURE THE RISE OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE AND

TECHNOLOGIES Oil Crisis (1973): Global awareness of

The green architecture was founded in 1969 energy dependency spurs interest in
by Ian McHarg who theorized a holistic energy-efficient design.
approach to transform the way buildings and 1970s
Passive Solar Design: Architects begin
communities are designed, built, and designing buildings to maximize
operated. natural heating and cooling.
First Green Building Movement:
Introduction of environmentally- 1980s
conscious designs focusing on
natural materials and energy PRINCIPLES OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE
efficiency.
Development of Green Roofs: • Energy conservation: Use sustainable energy sources like solar panels and wind
Popularized in Germany, green roofs turbines
begin gaining global interest.
• Building materials: Use recycled materials, natural products, and materials with
The Concept of Green Architecture, also known as Formation of LEED (1993): U.S. Green low volatile organic compounds
“sustainable architecture” or “green building,” is the Building Council (USGBC) launches
theory, science and style of buildings designed and Leadership in Energy and • Water conservation: Harvest rainwater for use in gardens and flushing toilets
constructed in accordance with environmentally friendly 1990s Environmental Design (LEED).
• Climate-responsive design: Design buildings to work with the climate and natural
principles. Solar Power Advancements:
energy sources
GREEN ARCHITECTURE" is a theory and design philosophy Significant improvements in
that focuses on creating buildings with minimal photovoltaic technology reduce solar • Passive design: Use passive design elements like overhangs and thick walls to
environmental impact by prioritizing sustainable energy costs. reduce the need for air conditioning
materials, energy efficiency, and practices throughout the LEED Certifications Begin (2000): 2000s • Waste management: Reduce the amount of waste generated by the building
construction and operation of a building, aiming to Widespread adoption of green
reduce negative effects on the environment and promote building standards worldwide.
eco-friendly design principles; essentially, it's the concept Emergence of Smart Building
of designing buildings with sustainability in mind. Systems: Integration of IoT and BENEFITS OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE
INSIDE automation for energy monitoring. • Green architecture can help reduce
pollution and greenhouse gas
emissions
Net-Zero Energy Buildings: Focus
GARDEN & HOUSE EXPO 2000 NETHERLANDS JEWEL CHANGI AIRPORT
TOKYO , JAPAN
RYUE NISHIZAWA
PAVILION
ING HOUSE
AMSTERDAM , NETHERLAND SINGAPORE shifts to designing structures that • It can help improve the quality of
HANNOVER, GERMANY SAFDIE ARCHITECTS
produce as much energy as they
MVSA ARCHITECTS
2009
PRIVATE RESIDENCE (66 SQ.M.)
MVRDV
PAVILION (8000 SQ.M.)
2002 2018
AIRPORT (135700 SQ.M.)
life for future generations
OFFICE BUILDING (20,000 SQ.M.)
2010s consume.
ON FAÇADE • It can help reduce the cost of
Advancement in Renewable
(HANGING ON ) Technologies: Wind turbines, solar operating a building over time
panels, and energy storage become
more efficient and affordable.
BINH HOUSE
25 VERDE BOSCO VERTICALE PARKROYAL ON PICKERING
Biophilic Design: Growth in
HO CHI MINH , VEITNAM
VTN ARCHITECTS
2016
TORINA,ITALY
LUCIANO PIA
MIAN ITALY
STEFANO BOERI ARCHITECTS
SINGAPORE
WOHA integrating nature into urban
PRIVATE RESIDENCE (226 SQ.M.)2012
architecture.
2014 2013
RESIDENTIAL HOUSING ( 6098 HOTEL (29811 SQ.M.)
Green Urbanism: Cities adopt
RESIDENTIAL TOWER (18200 SQ.M.)
SQ.M.)

sustainable planning models for

TOP energy efficiency and reduced
carbon footprints. 2020s
Circular Economy in Construction:
Use of recycled and sustainable
HOUSE FOR TREES
HO CHI MINH , VIETNAM
KITA AOYAMA APARTMENTS
TOKYO , JAPAN
DEPOT BOIJMANS VAN
BEUNINGEN
VALLEY
AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
materials in building design.
VTN ARCHITECTS
2014
CONRAN AND PARTNERS
2019
ROTTERDAM , NETHERLANDS
MVRDV
MVRDV
IN CONSTRUCTION Vertical Forests: Introduction of
2020 MIXED- USE BUILDING (75000
PRIVATE RESIDENCE (226 SQ.M.) RESIDENTIAL HOUSING ( 6098
SQ.M.) MUSEUM ( 15000 SQ.M. ) SQ.M.) vegetation-covered skyscrapers to
combat urban air pollution. RUCHITA MAHAJAN
ROLL NO 18 TOD ASSIGNMENT 3
 CASE STUDY 1
INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAWAN  Active Strategies
Lighting Design
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST 1. Energy efficient lighting system ( LPD = 5 W/m2) , nearly
(MOEF) 50% more efficient than Energy Conservation Building Code
2007 requirements ( LPD = 11 W/m2) reduces energy
Location : New Delhi demand further.
2. Remaining lighting load supplied by building integrated
Occupancy : Office (MoEF) photovoltaic (BIPV).
3. Use of energy efficient lighting fixtures (T5 lamps).
Climate Type : Composite 4. Use of lux level sensor to optimize operation of artificial
Project Area : 9,565 m2 lighting.

 Optimized Energy Systems / HVAC system

 Chilled beam system/ VFD/ Screw Chillers
Renewable Energy
 Passive Design Strategies • 160 TR of air conditioning load of the building is met • Solar PV System of 930 kW capacity
• Orientation: Building is north south oriented, with through Chilled beam system. Chilled beam are • Total Area: 6,000 m2
separate blocks connected through corridors and a huge used from second to sixth floor. This reduces energy use by • Total Area of panels: 4,650 m2
central court yard. Orientation minimizes heat 50 % compared to a conventional system. • No of panels: 2,844
ingress. Optimal window to wall ratio. • HVAC load of the buildings is 40 m2/TR, about 50% more • Annual Energy Generation: 14.3 lakh unit
• Landscaping: More than 50% area outside the building is efficient than ECBC requirements (20 m2/TR) ACTUAL GENERATION ON SITE ( as on 25.01.2014)
covered with plantation. Circulation roads and pathways • Chilled water is supplied at 16° C and return temperature is • Power supply to grid started on 19.11.2013
are soft paved to enable ground water recharge. 20° C. • Power generation achieved: 300 kWh per day
• Daylighting: 75% of building floor space is day lit, thus • Drain pans are provided with the chilled beams to drain out • Total generation: 2.0 kWh
Introduction reducing dependence on artificial sources for water droplets due to condensation during monsoon.
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, the new office building for lighting. Inner courtyard serves as a light well. • Water cooled chillers, double skin air handling units with
Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) sets is a radical • Ventilation: Central courtyard helps in air movement as variable frequency drivers(VFD)
change from a conventional building design. natural ventilation happens due to stack effect. Windows • Chilled beams save AHU/FCU fan power consumption by
and jaalis add to cross ventilation. approximate 50 kW.
• The project team put special emphasis on strategies for • VFDs provided in chilled water pumping system, cooling
reducing energy demand by providing adequate  Building Envelope and Fenestration: tower fans and AHUs.
natural light, shading, landscape to reduce ambient • Optimized Building Envelope – Window assembly • Fresh supply air is pre cooled from toilet exhaust air through
temperature, and energy efficient active building (U-Value 0.049 W/m2K),VLT 0.59, SHGC 0.32 sensible & latent heat energy recovery wheel.
systems. • uPVC windows with hermetically sealed double • Control of HVAC equipment & monitoring of all systems
• Several energy conservation measures were adopted glazed using low heat transmittance index glass through integrated building management system.
to reduce the energy loads of the building and the • Rock wool insulation • Functional zoning to reduce air conditioning loads.
remaining demand was met by producing energy • High efficiency glass • Room temperature is maintained at 26 ±1 ° C
from on-site installed high efficiency solar panels to • Cool roofs: Use of high reflectance terrace tiles for
achieve net zero criteria.  Geothermal heat exchange system
heat ingress, high strength, hard wearing.
• Indira Paryavaran Bhawan uses 70% less energy 1. There are 180 vertical bores to the depth of 80 meter all
compared a conventional building.  Materials and construction techniques : along the building premises. Minimum 3 meter distance is
• The project adopted green building concepts including • AAC blocks with fly ash maintained between any two bores.
conservation and optimization of water by • Fly ash based plaster & mortar 2. Each bore has HDPE pipe U-loop (32mm outer diameter)
recyclingwaste water from the site. • Stone and Ferro cement jaalis and grouted with Bentonite Slurry. Each U-Loop is
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is now India’s highest green • Local stone flooring connected to the condenser water pipe system in the
central air conditioning plant room. DAYLIGHT AND NON-DAYLIGHT
rated building. The project has received GRIHA 5 Star and • Bamboo jute composite doors, frames and flooring AREAS The Building Envelope has been designed to receive 75%
LEED Platinum. • High efficiency glass, high VLT, low SHGC & Low U- 3. One U-Loop has 0.9 TR heat rejection capacity. Combined
of natural daylight to reduce energy consumption.
value, optimized by appropriate shading together, 160 TR of heat rejection is obtained without using
The building has already won awards such as the • Light shelves for diffused sunlight a cooling tower.
Adarsh/GRIHA of MNRE for exemplary demonstration of
Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies.
 CASE STUDY 2
SUZLON ONE EARTH GLOBAL CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS

Location : New Delhi

Occupancy : Office (MoEF)
Climate Type : Composite
Project Area : 9,565 m2