BUILDING SCIENCE
(22ART201)
SEM -III
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
Shelter for Warm-Humid and Composite
Climate
with 2+2 case studies in Indian Context
SUBMITTED TO:
SUBMITTED BY :
Ar. Tarun Verma
Palakpreet Kaur
(2023uar1215)
Nehal Choudhary(2023uar1053)
Ayush Kumar(2023uar1062)
Lokesh Verma(2023uar1082)
Ayush Katare(2023uar1057)
Abhishek Ratan Sihag(2023uar1302)
Vishwas Danodiya (2023uar1398)
Rajdeep Debbarma(2022uar1431)
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Slide no.
The Pali Palms 3 -11
The Centre for Development Studies 12-17
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan 18-24
Jaquar Headquarters 25-30
Bibliography 31
CASE STUDIES OF WARM AND HUMID
CLIMATE
The Pali Palms
SEZA Architects Mumbai
3
INTRODUCTION :
• The Pali Palms project by SEZA Architects in
Mumbai is designed with a strong emphasis on
climate responsiveness, especially suited for
the tropical coastal climate of the region.
• Mumbai's climate is predominantly warm and
humid, with high temperatures and substantial
monsoon rainfall. The design of Pali Palms
addresses this by focusing on reducing heat
gain and optimizing ventilation.
• The look is for the apartment is minimalistic,
created as space which expressed the
openness of the planning highlighting the
presence of hardly any passage area but
adequate natural light and through ventilation.
4
THE PALI PALMS
Location Mumbai
Latitude 19° N
Longitude 72° E
Climatic zone warm and humid
Building type Residencial apartment
Project Area 4550.0 sqm.
5
Green Roofs:
• Incorporating green roofs can further reduce
heat island effects and provide additional
insulation, helping to regulate indoor
temperatures.
• Green roofs can also absorb rainwater, reducing
stormwater runoff and improving water quality.
Materials and
Sustainability:
Emphasis on using recyclable, locally sourced
materials.
The facade mesh helps in dematerializing the
structure visually while providing shading and
reducing heat gain.
6
Solar Energy:
• Installing solar panels on the roof or facade can
generate renewable energy to
power the common and individual areas of the
building.
• This can significantly reduce reliance on
traditional energy sources and lower energy
costs.
High-Efficiency HVAC
Systems:
Implementing energy-efficient HVAC systems, such
as variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems, can
optimize energy consumption by adjusting cooling
and heating based on occupancy and weather
conditions.
7
Facade Design:
• The use of expanded aluminum mesh acts
as a modern interpretation of the
traditional jali screen, providing shade and
reducing heat gain.
• These screens not only mitigate direct
sunlight but also enhance privacy,
creating a buffer against the urban
environment while allowing airflow.
Ventilation:
The design encourages cross-ventilation, crucial
for managing the high humidity levels in
Mumbai. Large openable windows facilitate
airflow, helping to cool the interiors naturally.
8
9
10
11
The Centre for
Development
Studies (CDS)
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
12
•The Centre for Development
Studies (CDS),
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala,
India is a premier Social Science
research institute. It is also a
higher education institution
providing M.A. course in applied
economics and PhD course in
economics. The institute is
internationally reputed for being
a centre for advanced learning
in economics. Its main objective
is to promote research, teaching
and training in disciplines
relevant to development.
13
THE CENTRE FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (CDS)
Thiruvananthapuram
Location
, Kerala
Latitude 8° N
Longitude 76° E
Climatic Zone Warm and Humid
Building Type Institutional
Architect Laurie Baker
14
Ventilation
To keep the interiors of the computer building cool, Baker has devised the imaginative use of
a false external jali screen wall which acts as a skin.
The air trapped in between acts as insulation and keeps the interiors cool.
The jali framework minimizes the need for air conditioning systems that are costly and
hazardous to the environment.
15
Orientation and Landscaping
Orientation: The building is north-south oriented to
minimize heat gain .
Landscaping: The structure is built such that it
leaves the natural surroundings as it is. The walls
curves around the trees without disturbing them and
including them in the design.
16
Construction Materials
The architect has used locally available
construction materials like brick and stone.
These natural materials improvise the indoor
microclimate of the place.
The bricks are arranged in rat trap bond which
forms a double wall that improves the thermal
comfort due to its hollow nature.
17
CASE STUDIES OF COMPOSITE
CLIMATE
Indira Paryavaran
Bhawan
Office building for
Ministry of Environment
and Forest (MoEF)
18
INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAWAN
Location New Delhi
Latitude 28°N
Longitude 77°E
Climatic Zone Composite
Building type Office
Project Area 9656 sq.m.
Architect CPWD(Centre Public
Works Department)
19
INTRODUCTION
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, the
new office building for Ministry of
Environment and Forest (MoEF)
sets is a radical change from a
conventional building design.
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan uses
70% less energy compared a
conventional building. The project
adopted green building
concepts including conservation
and optimization of water by
recycling waste water from the
site.
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is now
India’s highest green rated
building.
The project has received GRIHA
20
5
Star and LEED Platinum.
Orientation and Landscaping
• Orientation: Building is north south oriented, with separate blocks connected through
corridors and a huge central court yard. Orientation minimizes heat ingress. Optimal window to
wall ratio.
• Landscaping: More than 50% area outside the building is covered with plantation.Circulation
roads and pathways are soft paved to enable ground water recharge.
21
Daylighting and Ventilation
•Daylighting: 75% of building floor
space is day lit, thus reducing
dependence on artificial sources for
lighting. Inner courtyard serves as a
light well.
•Ventilation: Central courtyard helps
in air movement as natural ventilation
happens due to stack effect. Windows
and jaalis add to cross ventilation.
22
Roofing System
• Reflecting Roofs
• Cool roofs with high SRI tiles.
23
Material Used For Construction
AAC BLOCK FLYASH BRICKS TERRAZZO FLOORING
AAC blocks with fly ash for insulation . It have
thermal and good sound insulation property.
Maximum utilization of Fly Ash . In concrete, mortars
and brick walls. Reduce volume, weight and
construction time.
STONE JAALIS 24
JAQUAR
HEADQUARTERS
Manesar, Haryana
25
JAQUAR HEADQUARTERS
Location Manesar, Haryana
Latitude 28°N
Longitude 77°E
Climatic Zone Composite
Building type Office
Project Area 48,000 m2
Architect Gayathri and Namith
Architects
26
INTRODUCTION
It is Platinum-certified by
the LEED (Leadership in
Energy and Environmental
Design) rating system.
Its water and waste are
recycled.
It is net zero power
consumption building
which means that it
produces as much energy
annually as it creates, with
innovative methods to
lower energy consumption.
27
Site Layout & Planning
• The initial zoning of the site involved
placing the factory block at the back and
corporate office in the front. But this was
not using the site to its full potential.
Instead, stacking of the two into a single
structure was proposed.
• Integrated sustainable landscape:
The greywater from the factory and
office is treated within the site and is
reused for the maintenance of this
integrated land- scape well designed and
hence is sustainable.
28
Ventilation System
As an energy efficient measure, the facility has commissioned heat
recovery units to utilize the cool return air to lower the temperature
of outdoor air. These units are installed on the terrace level.
Exhaust fans are commissioned in the facility. For maintaining
required pressure in lifts and staircases, axial fans are installed.
29
Climate Responsive Design
• To ensure minimal
dependence on artificial
lighting and air
conditioning, the three
levels of the building were
staggered, and the floor
plate rotated at each level.
• This permitted the right
amount of natural light to
the internal spaces while
also providing shading and
reduced the cooling load.
30
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• CLIMATE CONSULTANT 6.0
• https://www.archdaily.com/885972/pali-palms-seza
• https://thearchitectsdiary.com/climate-responsive-apartment-pali-palms-mumbai-seza/
• https://www.scribd.com/presentation/518264665/Case-Study-of-CDS-Kerala-Roll-No-112
-113-114-2
• https://archestudy.com/the-center-for-development-studies-trivandrum-a-laurie-baker-m
asterpiece/
• https://nzeb.in/case-studies/nzebs-in-india/nzebs-in-india-case-studies-list/jaquar-headq
uarters/
• https://nzeb.in/case-studies/nzebs-in-india/nzebs-in-india-case-studies-list/ipb-case-stud
y/
• https://www.architecturepressrelease.com/jaquar-global-corporate-headquarters-by-gay
athri-and-namith-architects/
31
