DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF IN SOCIETY:

INFLUENCE OF GENDER INEQUALITY ON RELATIONSHIPS

AND GENERAL WELL-BEING
Life Orientation: Lesson 3
 Analyse and Analyse and evaluate the influence of gender inequality on relationships

By the end
and general well-being: sexual abuse, teenage pregnancy, violence,
evaluate sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV and AIDS

of this
lesson, you Understand
Understand the value of participation in exercise programmes that
promote fitness: cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, endurance and
flexibility

should be
able to: Describe Describe the relationship between physical and mental health
Influence of gender inequality on
relationships and general wellbeing:
Sexual abuse and violence Teenage pregnancy
• forced sex in a relationship is when • Peer pressure
when women/girls are involved in • Lack of information
relationships where power is not equal, • Poverty
men may decide on the conditions • Rape
under which sex happens, e.g. rape, •
incest and violent sexual acts. Forced to get pregnant to prove fertility
• Some men are violent toward women • A child will make the relationship last
and beat them up. • Getting pregnant against your will,
because someone decided so.
Let’s talk about the elephant in the room…
Influence of gender inequality on
relationships and general wellbeing:
STIs including HIV/AIDS

• STIs are sexually transmitted infections as a result of a risky sexual behaviour.

• Women may find themselves forced to be passive or obedient in sexual relations or are
unable to negotiate the use of protection.
• Some perceptions and gender inequalities have an influence on exposure to STIs including
HIV/AIDS.
• Women have no say in the use of protective measures like condoms in some situations:
• Age-mixing in a relationship (sugar daddies / sugar mommies)
• More than one partner
• Transactional sex (sex paid for/ blessers)
• Rape
 When left untreated, STIs increases
the risk of the transmission of HIV.

Untreated Unlike women, men are at a lesser

STIs risk to become infected.

Most STIs go unrecognized in women

as the signs are absent or hard to see.
 Contraceptives available:
Some contraceptives can • Condoms: Female and male
be used to prevent • The safest contraceptive is
PREGNANCY and STI
INFECTION: ABSTINENCE
• Contraceptive pill (28-day)
• Birth control shot (2 or 3-month)
Other contraceptives can • IUD
• Implant
ONLY prevent PREGNANCY: • Patch
• Vaginal ring

Some preventative • An abortion is NOT a contraceptive – EXTREMELY expensive, painful and can have
dangerous consequences
measures are FALSELY • The “morning after” pill is NOT a contraceptive – only partially effective, can ONLY help
believed to be within 24 hours, while every hour you wait after the encounter reduces its effectiveness
“contraceptives” – but • Sterilisation is NOT a contraceptive – if the waiting period is not considered, you can
become pregnant or impregnate someone, and you CAN still spread STIs
they are NOT!
Food for thought: Safe sexual interaction

What are the different

What is the impact of How is it possible to
types of contraceptive
a baby on the life of a avoid a teenage
measures should
young person? pregnancy?
always be considered?
 Do you think it is acceptable for partners
to be abusive towards one another?

Reflection Can you think of reasons why a

questions: relationship could become abusive?

How do we address these issues of

abuse?
Value of participation in exercise
programmes that promote fitness:

Cardiovascular Fitness Muscular strength

If you have a strong heart, you will experience The power and ability of your muscles to
advantages such as: exercise force during an activity. Muscular
• slow pulse rate strength has advantages such as:
• large lung capacity which allows more oxygen • strong muscles and tendons,
in your blood • increased metabolism,
• lower blood pressure • fewer back problems,
• you can exercise for longer periods without • good posture,
getting tired or becoming breathless • fewer injuries and
• less tired
Value of participation in exercise
programmes that promote fitness:
• The ability to exercise for long periods without tiring.

Endurance
• You will need cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength.
• Examples of exercises for endurance: Cycling; running;
aerobics; jogging; weightlifting; swimming

Flexibility
• To be able to move your joints and use your muscles
through their range of motion around the joints.
 Benefits:

INCREASES RANGE PREVENTS AND INCREASES SPEED IMPROVES COORDINATION, HELPS YOU RELAX
OF MOTION REDUCES MUSCLE IMPROVES BALANCE, CIRCULATION IS AND FEEL GOOD
PAIN ATHLETIC POSTURE AND IMPROVED
PERFORMANCE BODY AWARENESS

REDUCES INJURY ABDOMINAL

RISK EXERCISES
IMPROVE
FLEXIBILITY
Relationship between physical and mental
health:
• Physical activity promotes mental health.
• Health includes:
• Wellness
• Good quality of life
• A feeling of wellbeing
• Improves your mood and how you feel about yourself
• Helps to relieve stress, your performance at school, and
improves wellbeing.
You should exercise
regularly!
Regular Physical activity:
• Reduces stress, worry and depression
• Helps to relax
• Clears your mind to focus on studies •
Promotes sleep
• Brain function, concentration, focus,
alertness and memory improves
• Encourages you to socialise and meet new
people
• Allows you to enjoy yourself, feel happy and
have fun
 Percentage of teenagers who use Self-Assessment
this explanation for their preg-
nancies Questions:
I wanted the child support grant 2 1. Is South African culture generally male or female
dominated? Give reasons for your answer.
I was forced to have sex against my will 3 (3)
It would make my boyfriend want to
marry me
5 2. What makes women more likely to become
infected with HIV/AIDS? (2)
It would make people respect me 6
3. Study the graph and identify the most reported
It would show that I am a fertile/natural
8
reasons for teenage pregnancy. Provide advice
woman (at least 4 sentences) for teenagers about the
I wanted to have a baby 28
effects of teenage pregnancy.
(5)
I was not using contraception 66 4. Write a paragraph to explain why ‘real men don’t
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 rape’. (5)
Percentage of teenagers who use this explanation for their pregnancies [15 marks]
Homework Questions:
Answer the following questions, you may Google answers:
1. List 5 benefits of participation in physical activity. (5)
2. Why might physical activity lead to an improvement in self-image and sense of
wellbeing? (2)
3. How does physical activity improve school performance? (3)
4. Do you agree that sport is important to your development? Give 3 reasons to
support your answer. (4)
5. Critically evaluate the purpose for physical education. Give reasons for your answer.
(4)
[18 marks]