SWITCHING TECHNIQUES
AND DATA
COMMUNICATION
TERMINOLOGIES
Understanding the fundamentals of data
transmission
TEAM MEMBERS:
Madhusudhana
Kowshik
Kushal pranav
Kathir
INDEX:
• Introduction to Switching Techniques
• Types of Switching Techniques
• Data Communication Terminologies:
- Data Channel
- Baud
- Bits per Second (bps)
- Bandwidth
- Data Transfer Rates
• Conclusion
INTRODUCTION TO
SWITCHING
TECHNIQUES
• Switching techniques are methods to direct
data from one device to another within a
network.
• Importance: Ensures efficient data
transmission by optimizing paths and
resources.
TYPES OF SWITCHING
TECHNIQUES
• Circuit Switching
- Establishes a dedicated communication path.
- Data travels directly from source to the
destination over the path
- All data are transmitted at once
- Example: Traditional phone networks.
• Message Switching
- Entire message is stored and forwarded
from node to node.
- No physical path is established between
source and destination
- No limited in block size
- Example: Telegraph systems.
• Packet Switching
- Data is broken into packets, each routed
individually.
- No physical path is established between
source and destination
- Packet are transmitted from the source to
the main memory then forward to destination
- Example: Internet data transfer, Emails
DATA COMMUNICATION
TERMINOLOGIES
• Overview: These terms define key aspects
of how data is transmitted and received over
networks.
DATA CHANNEL
• Definition: A communication pathway
through which data is transmitted.
• Types:
- Simplex: One-way communication (e.g.,
television broadcast).
- Half-Duplex: Two-way communication, but
not simultaneously (e.g., walkie-talkies).
- Full-Duplex: Two-way communication,
simultaneously (e.g., phone call).
BAUD
• Definition: The number of signal changes
(modulation symbols) per second.
• Relation to bps: 1 Baud ≠ 1 bps unless
each symbol represents exactly 1 bit of
information.
BITS PER SECOND (BPS)
• Definition: The rate at which data is
transmitted in bits per second.
• Importance: Measures the speed of data
transmission.
• Example: A speed of 1 Mbps (Megabit per
second) equals 1,000,000 bits per second.
BANDWIDTH
• Definition: The maximum amount of data
that can be transmitted over a
communication channel.
• Measurement: Measured in Hertz (Hz) for
analog systems and in bps for digital
systems.
• Example: A higher bandwidth allows more
data to be transferred simultaneously.
DATA TRANSFER RATES
• Definition: The speed at which data can be
transferred between two points.
• Units: Typically measured in Mbps or Gbps
(Gigabits per second).
• Example: Fiber-optic connections can
achieve speeds of up to 100 Gbps.
CONCLUSION
• Switching techniques and communication
terminologies are fundamental to
understanding how data is transmitted
across networks.
• With efficient switching methods and a
strong understanding of key terminologies,
we can optimize data transmission and
network performance.
