保安柴发培训课件

Security chaifa training courseware

萨拉哈丁 2*630MW 项目电气运行培训

第 1 页 1
 目录
• 概述及规范
• 系统流程图
• 柴油发电机组启动与停止
• 柴油发电机组保护
• 柴油发电机组的定期试验
• 柴油发电机组的运行规定和检查项目
• 柴油发电机组异常运行和事故处理

第 2 页 2
 Contents
• Overview and specifications
• System flowchart
• Start-up and stop of Diesel Generator Set
• Protection of diesel generator set
• Periodic test of diesel generator set
• Operational provisions and Inspections item for diesel
generator set
• Abnormal Operation and Accident Handling of Diesel
Generator Set
第 3 页 3
1. 概述及规范
1.1 概述
 本厂柴油发电机是江苏道康发电机组有限公司生产的， 采用快速启动的应急柴油发电机组，出力为
1205KW ，能满足各保安负荷的要求。
 柴油发电机组可手动或自动予以启动、可远方或就地，启动成功 10S 内可带负荷。柴油发电机组主要由柴油
机、发电机、控制屏和输出屏等设备组成。柴油机配置有燃油、润滑油、冷却、调速、启动、排气、预热、增压等
设备系统，发电机配置有励磁、自动电压调节器、保护、控制、信号、测量、馈线装置等设备系统。

第 4 页 4
1. Overview and specifications
1.1 Summarize ：
 The diesel generator set in the power plant is produced by Jiangsu
Daokang Diesel Generator Co., Ltd. The output of the emergency diesel
generator set with quick start is 1,120KW, which can meet the needs of
all security load.
 The diesel generator set may be started manually, automatically,
remotely or locally, and may be loaded within 10s after successful start.
The diesel generator set is mainly composed of such devices as the
diesel engine, generator, control panel and output panel. The diesel
engine is equipped with fuel oil, lube, cooling, speed regulation, start,
exhaust, preheating, pressurization and other equipment systems. The
generator is equipped with excitation, automatic voltage regulator,
protection, control, signal, measurement and feeder equipment, etc.
第 5 页 5
 全厂每台机组均装设一台 1120KW 柴油发电机组，作为事故保安电源。
 柴油发电机组正常应处于“自动”方式备用。保安 PC 段由炉 PC 段经工作电源开关供电。
 当保安 A 段或 B 段工作电源失去时，由备自投装置向柴油发电机组发出启动信号。当柴油发电机启动
正常，输出电压达到额定值时，出口开关自动合闸。如在延时范围内，机组电压达不到设定值，则机组自
动报警停机。

第 6 页 6
 Each unit in the power plant is equipped with a 1120KW diesel
generator set as accident security power supply.
 Normally, the diesel generator set is in “automatic” mode for reserve.
The security PC section is supplied by the furnace PC section and via
the operating power supply switch.
 When security section A or section B loses the operating power supply,
the reserve automatic switching device will send starting signal to the
diesel generator set. When the diesel generator is normally started and
the output voltage reaches the rated value, the outlet switch will be
switched on automatically. If the voltage of the set fails to reach the set
value within the delay range, the set will alarm and stop automatically.

第 7 页 7
 柴油发电机组的控制电源正常不得断开，否则将影响保安段母线的电源自动切换。
 柴油发电机组控制系统有“自动”、“手动”两种方式。
 当控制系统处于“自动”方式时，机组应能自动启动和远方手动启动，并自动合上发电机出口开关；柴油发电机组正
常备用期间控制系统投“自动”方式。

第 8 页 8
 The control power supply of diesel generator set should be normal
without interruption, or the automatic switching of the bus voltage in
security section will be affected.
 The control system of diesel generator set has “automatic” and
“manual” modes.

第 9 页 9
 当控制系统处于“自动”方式时，机组应能自动启动和远方手动启动，并自动合上发电机出口开关；柴油发电机组正
常备用期间控制系统投“自动”方式。
 当控制系统处于“手动”方式时，在就地能够启动柴油发电机组，并在检查同期或无压条件下自动合上发电机出口开
关

第 10 页 10
 When the control system is in “automatic” mode, the set may be
started automatically or manually remotely, with generator outlet
switch automatically switched on; during the normal reserve of diesel
generator set, the control system is in “automatic” mode.
 When the control system is in “manual” mode, the diesel generator
may be started locally, with the generator outlet switch automatically
switched on under synchronization check and no pressure conditions.

第 11 页 11
 1.2 发电机技术规范
发电机主要参数
型号 PI734B 功率因数 0.8( 滞后 )
形式 无刷、自励磁、自散热、有屏蔽保护 效率 >93%

常用功率 1120KW 励磁方式 无刷自励磁

备用功率 1168KW 绝缘等级 H级
额定电压 400/230V 防护等级 不低于 IP23
额定电流 2016A 过载能力 1.5 倍额定电流历时 2 分钟

额定频率 50HZ 短路能力 (3 ～ 5) 倍额定电流持续 5 秒

额定转速 1500 转 / 分 定子线圈相数及接线 三相四线，中性点直接接地

第 12 页 12
1.2 Main parameters of the electric generator

The main parameters of the unit are as follows

Brushless, self-excitation, self-
Model PI734B Type cooled, with shielding protection

Normal power 1120KW Efficiency >93%

Reserve power 1168KW Excitation mode Brushless self-excitation

Rated voltage 400/230V Insulation grade H

Rated current 2016A IP grade Not lower than IP23

Rated Taking 2min to 1.5 times rated

50HZ Overload capacity
frequency current

1500RP Keeping (3~5) times rated current

Rated speed Short circuit capacity
M for 5s

Number of stator coil Three-phase four-wire, with neutral

Power factor 0.8
phase and wiring point directly grounded.

第 13 页 13
2. 系统流程图
锅炉 380 V 母线 A 锅炉 380 V 母线 B

5ZKKCB 6ZKK CB

3ZKK CB CB 4ZKK CB
380 V Bus A 380 V Bus B

1-ZKKCB 2-ZKKCB

业主柴油发电机
ZKK CB

CB
发电机第 14 页 14
2.System flowchart

BOILER 380 V Bus A BOILER 400V Bus B

5ZKK CB 6ZKK CB

3ZKK CB 4ZKK CB
EMRGENCY 380 V Bus A EMRGENCY 380 V Bus B

1-ZKKCB 2-ZKKCB

ZKK CB CB

TO OWNER'S DIESEL-ENGINE GENERATOR

~ 第GENERATOR
15 页 15
 在电厂正常运行下，将机组的运行方式切换开关置于自动位置，保安 PCA 段由锅炉 PCA 段供电，
保安 PCB 段由锅炉 PCB 段供电，锅炉 PCA/B 段上的开关 5ZKK （ 6ZKK) 正常时处
于合闸状态。
 当保安 PCA/B 段工作电源失电后，柴油发电机组控制单元延时启动柴油发电机组，当机组的转速、电
压达到额定值时，合发电机出口开关 ZKK 。如果保安 PCA/B 段母线工作电源仍未恢复正常，则待
发电机出口断路器合闸后，跳母线工作电源开关 3ZKK(4ZKK) ，然后合保安 PCA/B 段备用
工作进线开关 1ZKK(2ZKK), 向保安 PCA/B 段负荷供电。
 当保安 PCA/B 段母线工作电源恢复正常后，以先断后接的方式，手动或由 DCS 发出信号，断开
1/2ZKK, 后合 3/4ZKK ，切换回主电源供电方式，并延时 0.6min 向备用电源（柴油发电机
组）发出停机信号。
 当柴油发电机进行带载试验时， 3/4ZKK 应处于闭合状态，保安段由锅炉段供电，闭合 1/2ZKK
并启动柴油发电机。当机组的转速，电压达到额定值后，机组自动检测机组与保安段的同期，当达到同期
条件后，合机组出口断路器 ZKK.

第 16 页 16
 Under normal operation of the power plant, the operation mode switch of the
unit is placed in an automatic position. The security PCA section is supplied by
the boiler PCA section, the security PCB section is supplied by the boiler PCB
section, and the switch 5ZKK (6ZKK) on the boiler PCA/B section is in the
closing state when normal.When the power supply of the security PCA/B section
is lost, the control unit of the diesel generator set will start the diesel generator
set delayed.
 When the speed and voltage of the generator set reach the rated value, the
generator outlet switch ZKK will be closed.If the busbar power supply of the
security PCA/B section still does not return to normal, then after the outlet circuit
breaker of the standby motor is closed, the busbar power supply switch
3ZKK(4ZKK) is switched, and then the standby busbar power supply switch
1ZKK(2ZKK) is combined with the standby busbar work incoming switch of the
security PCA/B section to supply power to the security PCA/B section load.
第 17 页 17
 When the working power supply of the security PCA/B busbar returns
to normal, disconnect 1/2zkk manually or by DCS, then close 3/4zkk,
switch back to the main power supply, and send the stop signal to the
standby power supply (diesel generator set) for a delay of
0.6min.When the diesel generator is under load test, 3/4zkk shall be in
the closed state, the security section shall be supplied by the boiler
section, close 1/2zkk and start the diesel generator.
 When the unit's speed and voltage reach the rated value, the unit
automatically detects the same period between the unit and the
security section. When the same period is reached, the unit outlet
circuit breaker ZKK is closed.

第 18 页 18
3. 柴油发电机组启动与停止

3.1 柴油发电机启动前的检查

 检查柴油机油箱油位正常 ( 日常油位在 3/4 以上 ) 。燃油回路、润滑油回路正常，无渗漏油现象。

 检查柴油机本体润滑油油质正常，油位在游标尺刻线位置范围内。
 检查柴油发电机本体润滑油温在 30℃ ～ 40℃ 之间。
 检查柴油机冷却水箱水位正常，水温表指示在 30℃ ～ 40℃ 之间，水循环回路正常，无渗漏。

第 19 页 19
3.Start-up and stop of Diesel Generator Set

3.1 Inspection before starting diesel generator

 Inspect the oil level of the fuel tank of the diesel engine (the ordinary
oil level should be above 3/4 of the fuel tank). The fuel circuit and the
lubrication circuit should be normal without leakage phenomenon.
 Inspect oiliness of lubricating oil in the diesel engine body should be
normal, and the oil level should be in the range marked by the vernier
ruler.
 Inspect the lubricating oil temperature of the diesel generator body,
which should be within 30℃ - 40℃.
 Inspect the water level of the cooling water tank of the diesel engine,
which should be normal, and the water-thermometer indicator should
be within 30℃ - 40℃; the water circulation circuit should be normal
without leakage. 第 20 页 20
 检查柴油发电机启动蓄电池及控制回路用蓄电池电压正常。电瓶引线端子清洁，无电解液溢出。

 检查柴油发电机组启动用充电器及控制回路用充电器电源正常，输出电压指示在 24 ～ 29V 之间，充电器“充足”

指示灯亮。

 检查柴油发电机控制屏各开关、按钮、仪表完整，位置正确，指示灯正常。

第 21 页 21
 Inspect the voltage of accumulator for start-up of the diesel generator
and that of the control circuit, which should be normal. The
accumulator lead terminal should be clean without overflow of the
electrolytic solution.
 Inspect the power supply of the charger for start-up of the diesel
generator set and that of charger for the control circuit, which should
be normal; the output voltage indication should be between 24 - 29V,
and the charger “Full” indicator should be on.
 Inspect the diesel generator control panel on the switches, buttons
and apparatuses, which should be complete on the correct positions,
and the indicator lights are normal.

第 22 页 22
 检查柴油发电机组控制屏内各保险良好，保护投入正确，各连接处无松动或断线，柴油发电机出口开关良好，无保护
动作指示。控制屏柜门封闭严密。

 柴油发电机组检修后，应测量机组各电气部分绝缘。测量时应使用 500V 兆欧表，（必须切换电压调节器，拆掉发

电机中性线和接地电阻之间的接地导线，用兆欧表测试输出导线终端 u 、 v 、 w 对地绝缘电阻），绝缘电阻应大
于 5MΩ 。此项工作应由检修人员完成，将测试结果写入检修交代本内，并注明能否加运。

第 23 页 23
 Inspect the diesel generator set control panel on various fail-safe
components, which should be in good condition and correct protection;
all connections should be free of looseness or broken lines, and the
diesel generator circuit breaker should work well without protection
action instructions. The control cabinet door should be tightly closed.
 Measure insulation of all electric parts after servicing of the diesel
generator set. Adopt a 500V megger to measure the insulation (it is
required to switch the voltage regulator, dismantle the ground conductor
between the generator neutral line and the ground resistance, and test
the Terminal u, v and w ground insulation resistances of the output lead
with a megger; the insulation resistance should be greater than 5MΩ.
This work should be completed by the servicing personnel, and the test
result should be recorded in the servicing account, which should indicate
if the part can be put into operation.
第 24 页 24
3.2 柴油发电机组控制屏介绍

第 25 页 25
3.2 Operating instructions for the control panel of diesel
generators

第 26 页 26
 电源指示灯 ( 红色 ): 当发电机正常运行时，指示灯作为电源点亮。

 输出功率指示灯 ( 红色 ): 当发电机输出开关打开时，指示灯亮起。

 开机指示灯 ( 红色 ): 当断路器接通时，指示灯亮起。

 关闭指示灯 ( 绿色 ): 当断路器关闭时指示灯亮起。

 三启动故障指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机三次启动失败，指示灯亮起，报警。

 电源反向指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机运行时，电源反向报警，指示灯亮起。

第 27 页 27
 Power indicator light(red): When the generator is normally running, the
indicator lights up as the power supplies.
 Output power indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as the
generator output switch is on.
 Switch-on indicator(red): The indicator lights up as the breaker is
switched on.
 Switch-off indicator (green): The indicator lights up as the breaker is
switched off.
 Three-start failure indicator (red): The indicator lights up as the
generator fails to start three times and alarms.
 Reverse power indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as power
reverse alarms during operating the generator.

第 28 页 28
 电压异常指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机运行时，指示灯出现电压异常报警。

 过流指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机运行过程中，当过流报警时，指示灯亮起。

 过载指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机运行时，过载报警，指示灯亮起。

 控制断电指示灯 ( 黄色 ): 当控制断电报警时，指示灯亮起。

 停机故障指示灯 ( 黄色 ): 当发电机运行时发生停机报警，指示灯亮起。

 低压油指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机运行过程中，低压油报警时，指示灯亮起。

第 29 页 29
 Abnormal voltage indicator(red): The indicator lights up as abnormal
voltage alarms during operating the generator.
 Over-current indicator light (red): The indicator lights up as over
current alarms during operating the generator.
 Over-load indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as over load
alarms during operating the generator..
 Control power failure indicator light(yellow): The indicator lights up as
the control power failure alarms.
 Shutdown failure indicator light(yellow): The indicator lights up as the
generator has shutdown alarm during operating the generator.
 Low-pressure oil indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as the low-
pressure oil alarms during operating the generator.

第 30 页 30
 水温过高指示灯 ( 红色 ): 水温过高时指示灯亮起，发电机运行时报警。

 超速指示灯 ( 红色 ): 发电机因超速报警，指示灯亮起。

 手动模式指示灯 ( 红色 ): 手动模式指示灯亮。

 自动模式指示灯 ( 红色 ): 指示灯在自动模式下亮起。

 关机模式指示灯 ( 红色 ): 当发电机停止时指示灯亮起。

 低水位指示器 ( 黄色 ): 当水位低时，指示灯亮起。

 备用指示灯 ( 黄色 ): 备用。

第 31 页 31
 High water temperature indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as the
water temperature is too high and alarms during operating the generator.
 Over speed indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as the generator
alarms due to over speed.
 Manual mode indicator light(red): The indicator lights up in manual mode.
 Auto mode indicator light(red): The indicator lights up in auto mode.
 Shut-down mode indicator light(red): The indicator lights up as the
generator stops.
 Low water indicator(yellow): The indicator lights up as the water is low.
 Spare indicator light(yellow): For spare.

第 32 页 32
 蜂鸣器 ( 红色 ): 当发电机在运行中发生故障时，蜂鸣器会亮起。

 复位键 ( 绿色 ): 当发电机运行报警时，按此键停止报警。

 空气阀自动 / 手动键 : 当自动或手动打开空气阀时，旋转此键。

 空气阀开 / 关键 : 当空气阀处于手动模式时，旋转此键打开 / 关闭。

 备用钥匙 : 备用。

 应急键 : 发电机因紧急情况需要停机，按此键停机。

 并行和网络控制模块 :DSE 8610 模块，详细说明。

 发电机电压表 : 显示发电机三相电压。

第 33 页 33
 Buzzer(red): The buzzer lights up as the generator breaks down
during operation.
 Reset key(green): As the generator alarms during operation, press
this key to stop alarm.
 Air valve auto/manual key: As auto or manual open the air valve,
rotate this key.
 Air valve on/off key: As the air valve is in manual mode, rotate this key
to open/close it.
 Spare key: For spare.
 Emergency key: As the generator needs to stop due to emergency
condition, press this key to stop.
 Parallel and network control module: DSE 8610 module, see detailed
description.
第 34 页 34
 发电机功率因数表 : 显示发电机功率因数。

 发电机功率表 : 显示发电机加载时的功率。

 安培表 : 当发电机负载时显示三相电流。

 电压转换开关 : 转换后的电压表上应显示三相电压。

 电流转换开关 : 转换后的安培表上显示三相电流。

 发电机电压表 : 显示发电机电压。

第 35 页 35
 Generator voltmeter: Display three-phase voltage of the generator.
 PF table of the generator: Display power factor of the generator.
 Power table of the generator: Display the power when the generator
is loaded.
 Ampere r: meteDisplay three-phase current as the generator is
loaded.
 Voltage conversion switch: Three-phase voltage shall be displayed on
the voltmeter after conversion.
 Current conversion switch: Three-phase current shall be displayed on
the ampere meter after conversion.
 Voltmeter of the generator: Display the voltage of the generator.

第 36 页 36
 发电机频率计 : 显示发电机频率。

 安全段电压表 : 显示安全段电压。

 安防处频率计 : 显示安防处的频率。

第 37 页 37
 Frequency meter of the generator: Display the frequency of the
generator.
 Voltmeter at security section: Display the voltage at security section.
 Frequency meter at security section: Display the frequency at security
section.

第 38 页 38
4. 柴油发电机组保护
速断保护：
柴油发电机设有速断保护，当发电机内部发生短路故障时，瞬时故障于跳闸停机。
过流保护：
柴油发电机装设有过流保护，作为发电机速断保护和保安 PC 段母线及负荷发生故障的后备保护，延时 2 秒动作于跳闸
停机。
出口断路器保护：
柴油发电机出口开关本身带有智能脱扣器，作为馈线的相间短路和过负荷保护。机组运行时，当负荷电流达到 1.1 倍额
定电流时延时发出过载报警信号，当负荷电流达到 1.6 倍额定电流时，延时 15 秒动作于跳闸停机。当馈线发生短路故
障时，瞬时故障于跳闸停机

第 39 页 39
4.Protection of diesel generator set
Quick break protection ：
The diesel generator is equipped with quick break protection. In case of
short circuit in the generator, tripping and stop will be caused by such
transient faults.
Overcurrent protection ：
The diesel generator is equipped with overcurrent protection, the
generator will be tripped and stopped after a delay of 2s as generator
quick break protection and the backup protection for security PC section
bus and load faults.

第 40 页 40
Outlet circuit breaker protection ：
The outlet switch of the diesel generator has an intelligent release as the
inter-phase short circuit and overload protection for the feeder. During
the operation of the set, when load current reaches 1.1 times of the
rated current, an overload alarm signal will be send after a delay. When
the load current reaches 1.6 times of the rated current, the generator will
be tripped and stopped after a delay of 15s. In case of feeder short
circuit, tripping and stopping will be caused by such transient faults.

第 41 页 41
柴油水温过高保护：
柴油机在备用中，冷却水加热器应投入运行，并自动将冷却水加热，保持在 30℃-40℃ 之间。
柴油发电机组在运行中，冷却水温保持在 74-91 之间，达到 98 时报警，达到 103℃ 时跳闸停机。
柴油机润滑油压过低保护：
柴油发电机在备用中，润滑油加热器应投入运行，并自动将润滑油加热，保持在 30℃-40℃ 之间。
柴油发电机组在运行中，机油压力应在 0.15MPa-0.6MPa 之间。当油压低于 0.12 MPa 时报警并动
作于跳闸停机。
柴油发电机装设有超速保护：
柴油发电机在启动或运行中，当转速达到 1650 转 / 分时，机组“超速”保护动作跳闸停机。

第 42 页 42
Protection of too high diesel water temperature ：
When the diesel generator is in reserve, the cooling water heater
should be put into operation to automatically heat the cooling water to
30℃ - 40℃.
During the operation of the diesel generator set, the temperature of
cooling water remains 74-91. An alarm will be sent when the
temperature reaches 98; and the machine will be tripped and stopped
when it reaches 103℃.

第 43 页 43
Protection of too low pressure of diesel engine lube ：
When the diesel generator is in reserve, the lube heater should be put
into operation to automatically heat the lube to 30℃ - 40℃ 。
The lube pressure during the operation of the diesel generator set
should be 0.15MPa - 0.6MPa. When the lube pressure is lower than
0.12MPa, an alarm will be sent; and the machine will be tripped and
stopped.
Over-speed protection for diesel generator ：
During the starting and operation of the diesel generator, when the
speed reaches 1650RPM, the “over-speed” protection acts to stop the
set.

第 44 页 44
 5. 柴油发电机组的定期试验

 柴油发电机组应该每月进行 2 次定期启动试验。柴油发电机组的定期试验操作步骤：
 检查柴油发电机组处于热备用“自动”状态。
 切柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关至“停止”位。
 检查柴油机组出口开关断开。
 摇柴油机组出口开关到试验位置。
 检查柴油机组出口已储能，装置无报警。

第 45 页 45
5. Periodic test of diesel generator set

 The diesel generator sets should have twice regular starting test
every month. The regular test should be composed of procedures as
follows:
 Inspect the diesel generator set in hot standby “auto” state.
 Turn the diesel generator set start mode selective switch to the “stop”
position.
 Inspect close function of the circuit breaker of the diesel engine set.
 Turn the circuit breaker of the diesel engine set to the test position.
 Inspect if the circuit breaker of the diesel engine set has energy
stored, and the device is free of alarm.

第 46 页 46
 切柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关至“手动”位置，并复归按钮使程序复位。
 按下柴油发电机组启动按钮。
 检查柴油发电机组启动成功。
 监视柴油发电机组稳定运行不超过 30 分钟。
 按下柴油发电机组停机按钮。
 检查柴油发电机组已停运。

第 47 页 47
 Turn the diesel generator set start mode selective switch to the
“manual” position, and press the reset button to reset the program.
 Press the start button of the diesel generator set.
 Inspect if the diesel generator set is successfully started.
 Monitor if the diesel generator set runs stably for no more than 30
minutes.
 Press the stop button of the diesel generator set.
 Inspect if the diesel generator set is shut down.

第 48 页 48
 切柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关至“停止”位。
 把柴油机组出口开关摇到工作位置。
 检查柴油机组出口开关已储能，装置无报警。
 切柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关至“自动”位。
 复归柴油发电机组复位按钮。

第 49 页 49
 Turn the diesel generator set start mode selective switch to the “stop”
position.
 Turn the circuit breaker of the diesel engine set to the working
position.
 Inspect if the circuit breaker of the diesel engine set has energy
stored, and the device is free of alarm.
 Turn the diesel generator set start mode selective switch to the “auto”
position
 Reset the diesel generator set reset button.

第 50 页 50
6. 柴油发电机组的运行规定和检查项目

6.1 柴油发电机组运行规定

 柴油发电机正常情况下按制造厂规定铭牌出力运行。

 柴油发电机静子电压允许在额定电压的 ±5% 范围。

 柴油发电机运行中，发电机的线电压的最大值（最小值）与三相压平均值相差不能超过三相线电压平均值的 5% ，
且各部温升正常。

第 51 页 51
6. Operational provisions and Inspections item for diesel
generator set
6.1 Operational provisions for diesel generator set
 The diesel generator should run to provide output as per items
indicated on the nameplate specified by the manufacturer under
normal conditions.
 The diesel generator stator voltage is allowed within the scope of
±5% of rated voltage.
 When the diesel generator is operation, the difference between the
maximum (minimum) of line voltage and mean value of triple-phase
line voltage should not exceed 5% of the mean value of the triple-
phase line voltage, and the temperature rise of each part should be
normal.
第 52 页 52
 柴油发电机频率允许在 50±0.25HZ 范围内运行。超过上述范围时，应加强机组振动及各部温度的监视。

 柴油发电机组自启动成功后，即可带 50% 以上的额定负荷运行，在 60 秒内即可带 100% 额定负荷运行。

 柴油发电机组允许三相不对称运行，但必须满足下列条件：功率因数为 0.8-1.0 ，且每一相的负荷电流不超过额

定值。

第 53 页 53
 The diesel generator frequency should be in the range of 50±0.25HZ.
In case the frequency exceeds this range, it is required to enhance
monitoring on the vibration of the generator set and temperatures of all
part.
 The diesel generator set can run with more than 50% rated load
operation after start-up automatically, which can run with 100% of
rated load within 60 seconds.
 The diesel generator sets are allowed to run in asymmetry in three
phases based on satisfaction of following conditions: the power factor
should be in 0.8-1.0, and the load current of each phase should not
exceed the rated value.

第 54 页 54
 柴油发电机组在功率因数为 0.8 的额定负荷下，稳定运行 12 小时中允许有 1 小时 1.1 倍额定负荷的过载运
行。

 柴油发电机不装设同期装置，保安 PC 段的工作电源开关与其备用电源开关（即柴油发电机的进线分支开关）之间
按先跳后合原则闭锁。

 柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关有“自动”、“手动”两个位置，正常应置“自动”位置（“试运行”位置未接线）。

第 55 页 55
 The diesel generator set is allowed to run in overload that is 1.1
times of the rated load for 1 hour during stable operation of 12 hours
under the rated load of the power factor of 0.8.
 The diesel generator is not equipped with synchronizing devices, and
the working power supply switch of the safety protective PC segment
and its standby power switch (i.e., the diesel generator incoming line
branch switch) should be blocked according to the sequence of
opening before closing.
 The diesel generator set start mode selective switch is of the “auto”
and the “manual” positions, which should be set on the “auto”
position (the “commissioning” position is not connected) under
normal conditions.

第 56 页 56
 无论柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关置于“自动”或“手动”位置，均应将柴油机本体上的钥匙开关置于“自动”档。

 柴油发电机组每次停机后，必须复归复位按钮。

 柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关切换后必须按一下复位按钮，使程序复位。

 柴油发电机组启动方式选择开关在“自动”时，若第一次启动失败，可在 60 秒内实现一个自启动循环（即三次试
启动），若经三次启动不成功则闭锁启动回路。

第 57 页 57
 The lock switch of the diesel engine main body should be set on the
“auto” position no matter the starting mode selective switch of the
diesel generator set is on the “auto” or the “manual” position.
 The reset button should be reset when the diesel generator set is
shutdown.
 The reset button should be reset when the starting mode selective
switch of the diesel generator set is switched, so as to reset the
program.
 When the starting mode selective switch of the diesel generator set is
set on the “auto” position, if the generator set fails to start at first time,
it can realize a self-starting circulation (i.e., three times of self-starting)
within 60 seconds, and the start-up circuit should be blocked if the
generator set is not started after three times of self-starting.

第 58 页 58
 备用中的柴油发电机组每半个月应手动启动一次，即将启动方式选择开关置“手动”位置，按复位按钮，再按启动按
钮，检查柴油发电机组启动正常，达额定转速空载运行半小时后停机，恢复自动“备用”状态，并做记录。

 运行值班人员未经允许不得在柴油机本体上用钥匙开关启动柴油发电机组。

第 59 页 59
 Standby diesel generator sets should be manually started once every
half a month, i.e., the starting mode selective switch should be set on
the “manual” position, then press the reset button and the start button,
and inspect if the diesel generator is normally started; turn off the
generator set and recover it to the automatic “standby” status when it
reaches the rated speed and run in no-load for half an hour, and write
down relevant conditions as records.
 The operator on duty shall not start the diesel generator set by
inserting the lock switch into the diesel engine main body without
permission.

第 60 页 60
6.2 柴油发电机组“备用”中的检查项目

 柴油发电机组在“备用”时，应视为运行设备，在机组的转动部分和电气回路不得进行任何工作。

 备用中的柴油发电机组，除接班检查外，每班最少巡回检查一次。其定期启动试验应按“定期工作制度”执行，并将试
验结果记入值班记录，发现缺陷及时通知检修处理，并汇报有关领导

 检查柴油机燃油箱油位正常 ( 日常油箱油位在 3/4 以上 ) 。燃油回路、润滑油回路正常，无渗漏油现象

第 61 页 61
6.2 Inspections of diesel generator set
 The diesel generator set in “standby” should be deemed as an
operation device, which shall not be available for any operation on
the rotating part and the electrical circuit.
 The diesel generator set in standby should be have a patrol
inspection in each shift in addition to inspection at shifting. The
periodic start test should be executed according to the “regular work
system”, and the test results should be recorded in the log;
furthermore, defects shall be notified in time for maintenance and
handling and reported to leaders concerned once discovered.

第 62 页 62
 检查柴油机本体润滑油油质正常，油位在游标尺刻线位置范围内 .

 检查柴油发电机本体润滑油温在 30℃ ～ 40℃ 之间。

 检查柴油机冷却水箱水位正常，水温表指示在 30℃ ～ 40℃ 之间，水循环回路正常，无渗漏。

第 63 页 63
 Inspect the oil level of the fuel tank of the diesel engine (the ordinary
oil level should be above 3/4 of the fuel tank). The fuel circuit and the
lubrication circuit should be normal without leakage phenomenon.
 Inspect oiliness of lubricating oil in the diesel engine body should be
normal, and the oil level should be in the range marked by the
vernier ruler.
 Inspect the lubricating oil temperature of the diesel generator body,
which should be within 30℃ - 40℃.
 Inspect the water level of the cooling water tank of the diesel engine,
which should be normal, and the water-thermometer indicator should
be within 30℃ - 40℃; the water circulation circuit should be normal
without leakage.

第 64 页 64
 检查柴油发电机启动用蓄电池及控制回路用蓄电池电压正常。电瓶引线端子清洁，无电解液溢出。

 检查柴油发电机组启动用充电器及控制回路用充电器电源正常，输出电压指示在 24 ～ 29V 之间，充电器“充

足”指示灯亮。

 检查柴油发电机控制屏各开关、按钮、仪表完整，位置正确，指示灯正常。

第 65 页 65
 Inspect the voltage of accumulator for start-up of the diesel generator
and that of the control circuit, which should be normal. The
accumulator lead terminal should be clean without overflow of the
electrolytic solution.
 Inspect the power supply of the charger for start-up of the diesel
generator set and that of charger for the control circuit, which should
be normal; the output voltage indication should be between 24 - 29V,
and the charger “Full” indicator should be on.
 Inspect the diesel generator control panel on the switches, buttons
and apparatuses, which should be complete on the correct positions,
and the indicator lights are normal.

第 66 页 66
 检查柴油发电机组控制屏内各保险良好，保护投入正确，各连接处无松动或断线，柴油发电机出口开关良好，无保护动作
指示。控制屏柜门封闭严密。

第 67 页 67
 Inspect the diesel generator set control panel on various fail-safe
components, which should be in good condition and correct
protection; all connections should be free of looseness or broken
lines, and the diesel generator circuit breaker should work well
without protection action instructions. The control cabinet door should
be tightly closed.

第 68 页 68
6.3 柴油发电机运行中的检查

 检查柴油发电机组运行中声音正常，无异常声响或运转不稳的现象。
 检查发电机电压、周波、电流正常。各表计及信号灯指示与运行工况相符，每小时记录一次。
 检查柴油发电机排烟正常，无冒黑烟或白烟现象。
 检查柴油机油箱、水箱水位及温度正常，回路无渗漏现象。
 检查润滑油压力表及温度表指示正常

第 69 页 69
6.3 Inspections of diesel generator set in operation
 Inspect if the sound of the diesel generator set in operation is normal,
and if there is any abnormal sound or unstable operation.
 Inspect the generator on the voltage, cyclic wave and current, which
should be normal. Each gauge/meter and the signal lamp instructions
should be consistent to the operation condition, which should be
recorded once per hour.
 Inspect the diesel generator on smoke discharge, which should be
normal without black or white smoke phenomenon.
 Inspect the water level and temperature of oil tank and water tank of
the diesel engine, which should be normal without leakage.
 Inspect the pressure gauge and thermometer of the lubricating oil,
and the indications should be normal
第 70 页 70
6.4 柴油发电机维护注意事项

 保持柴油发电机小室环境清洁，照明通风良好
 运行中禁止打开燃油油箱盖或向油箱加油
 运行中禁止用手触摸涡轮增压器检查温度，防止烫伤
 柴油机应定期打开燃油排污阀进行排污
 每次运行后，应检查润滑油中是否油杂质或水份，如果有则应通知检修换油

第 71 页 71
6.4 Precautions for maintenance of diesel generator

 Keep the diesel generator room in clean condition with good lighting
and ventilation.
 Do not open the fuel tank cap or fuel oil into the tank
 Do no touch the turbocharger by hand to check the temperature
during operation to prevent scalding
 Open the fuel oil blow-down valve of the diesel engine regularly to
drain sewage
 Inspect the lubricating oil on the impurities and moisture after each
operation, and inform the serviceman to replace the oil if it is of any
impurity of moisture.

第 72 页 72
 柴油发电机组停运后，不能立即打开水箱盖，以防烫人

 所有滤清器应定期更换

 应经常监视控制电源正常，防止可编程逻辑控制器不能正常工作

 柴油发电机冷却水箱水位、燃油箱油位、、润滑油位低于规定值时，应及时联系检修补充至正常

第 73 页 73
 No not open the rank lid just after the diesel generator set is
shutdown to prevent scalding
 Replace all filters regularly
 Monitor the power supply, which should be normal, so as to ensure
normal work of the programmable logic controller.
 Contact with the serviceman in time if the water level of the cooling
water tank, the oil level of the fuel tank or the lubricating oil level is
lower than the specified value, who should provide service and fill
them to the normal

第 74 页 74
7. 柴油发电机组异常运行和事故处理

7.1 高水温故障报警 / 停机

 检查机组是否过载；
 检查风扇皮带的松紧度；
 待机组完全冷却后，检查冷却水的水位是否足够；
 检查水温传感器是否损坏；
 检查水温传感器开关量报警是否正确；
 检查节温阀能否正确打开；
 检查水泵与水箱间的间隙是否正确；
 确认机房内温度不高出 40℃

第 75 页 75
7. Abnormal Operation and Accident Handling of Diesel
Generator Set
7.1 High water temperature fault alarm/stop
 Inspect if the generator set is overload;
 Inspect the tightness of the fan belt;
 Inspect if the cooling water level is sufficient when the standby
generator set is completely cooled;
 Inspect if the water temperature sensor is broken;
 Inspect if the water temperature sensor switching value alarm is
correct;
 Inspect if the thermostat valve can be opened correctly;
 Inspect if the gap between the water pump and the water tank is
correct;
 Confirm temperature of the generator set room is not higher than 40℃.
第 76 页 76
7.2 低油压故障报警 / 停机
 检查机油油位；
 检查机油品质及粘度；
 检查机油温度；
 检查油压传感器是否损坏；
 检查机油滤清器及油路是否被堵塞；
 检查油压传感器开关量报警是否正确

第 77 页 77
7.2 Low oil pressure fault alarm/stop

 Inspect the engine oil level;

 Inspect the quality and viscosity of the engine oil;
 Inspect the engine oil temperature;
 Inspect if the oil pressure sensor is broken;
 Inspect if the oil filter or the oil circuit is blocked;
 Inspect the oil pressure sensor switching value alarm is correct

第 78 页 78
7.3 超速故障停机
 检查转速仪表指示有无异常；
 对机械式调速机构，检查油门拉杆是否灵活，并确保正确调节；
 对电子式调速系统，检查油门拉杆是否灵活，检查执行机构是否正确动作；
 重新校正和调节超速保护限值；
 检查转速传感器安装是否合理；
 故障排除后，将控制屏上的报警信号复位

第 79 页 79
7.3 Overspeed stop
 Inspect if indications of the speed instruments are of any abnormal;
 For the mechanical speed governing mechanism, inspect if the
accelerator lever is flexible, and ensure the correct adjustment;
 For electronic speed governing system, inspect if the accelerator
lever is flexible and if the actuator actuates properly;
 Execute recalibration and adjustment of the overspeed protection
limits;
 Inspect if the speed sensor installation is reasonable;
 Reset the alarm signal on the control panel after the fault is removed.

第 80 页 80
7.4 电压低报警

 测量机组输出电压的实际值；
 确认显示仪表没有偏差；
 如电压实际偏低，则可按步骤详细检查及重新调整 AVR ；
 确认机组转速 / 频率正常；
 如电压实值正常，可检查电压显示的电路部分是否正确；
 重点检查发电机终端盒后壁上的三个熔丝是否正常及连接牢靠；
 确认三相电压值没有较大偏差；
 确认没有缺相现象；
 确认当发生报警时，负载变化幅度不大；
 确认机组没有超负载运行；
 检查电压高低报警的设定限值是否正确

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7.4 Low voltage alarm
 Measure the actual value of output voltage of the generator set;
 Confirm that the display instruments are of no deviation;
 Carefully inspect and readjust the AVR as per steps if the actual
voltage is low;
 Confirm the rotation rate/frequency of the generator set is normal;
 Inspect if the circuit whose voltage is indicated as normal is correct;
 Focus on inspection if the three fuses on the rear wall of the
generator terminal box are normal and reliably connected;
 Confirm that the three-phase voltage is not of big deviation;

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 Confirm no phase loss;
 Confirm that the rangeability of load is not large when the alarm
occurs,;
 Confirm that the generator set does not operate in overload;
 Inspect if the setting limits of high/low voltage alarm is correct.

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7.5 机组不能带载
 检查电压是否正常；
 检查负载性质，确认没有超载及功率因数超前现象；
 确认开关是否合闸及各项设定正确合理；
 对于配套了 ATS 的用户，应重点检查 ATS 及相关部分；
 检查 ATS 控制转换的所有接线，并确保无误；
 确认 ATS 转换控制开关没有在“ MAINS” 位置；
 当 ATS 转换控制开关在“ AUTO” 位置时，确认所接入市电没有正常电压；
 确认机组电力正确引入 ATS 之机组端；
 确认 ATS 之主交流接触器操纵灵活，无卡死现象

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7.5 The generator set cannot operate with load.
1. Inspect if the voltage is normal;
2. Inspect the nature of the load, and confirm that there is no overload and power
factor lead condition;
3. Confirm if the circuit breaker is closed and various settings are correct and
reasonable;
4. For users with matching ATS, focus to inspect the ATS and related parts;
5. Inspect all wiring of the ATS control conversion, and ensure it is correct;
6. Confirm that the ATS conversion control switch is not on the "MAINS" position;
7. When the ATS conversion control switch is on the "AUTO" position, confirm that
the connected electric supply is not of normal voltage;
8. Confirm that the power of the generator set is correctly connected to the set
terminal of ATS;
9. Confirm that the main AC contactor of ATS is flexibly operated without stuck
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phenomenon.
7.6 不能手动停机

 检查钥匙开关和控制开关的位置是否正确；
 确认电气控制部分全部正常；
 检查燃油电磁阀是否正常，必要时更换；
 对电子调速系统机组，确认 EPG 各项设定正确合理；
 确认喷油泵之油量设定正确；
 确认机组是在手动模式下运行

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7.6 The generator set cannot be stopped manually.
 Inspect if the lock switch and the control switch are on the correct
positions;
 Confirm that all the electrical control parts are normal;
 Inspect if the fuel solenoid valve is normal, and replace it if
necessary;
 For the electronic speed governing system, confirm various EPG
settings are correct and reasonable;
 Confirm the oil quantity setting of the fuel injection pump is correct;
 Confirm that the generator set operates in the manual mode

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7.7 自动模式下，机组无法实现自动停机

 确认市电完全恢复正常；
 确认无市电感应器已动作；
 确认机组的自动停机延时已计完；
 检查燃油电磁阀是否正常，必要时更换；
 对电子调速系统机组，确认 EPG 各项设定正确合理；
 确认喷油泵之油量设定正确

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7.7 The generator set cannot realize automatic stop in the
auto mode.
 Confirmed that the electric supply is completely restored to normal;
 Confirmed that no electricity sensor has acted;
 Confirmed that the automatic stop delay has been counted;
 Inspect if the fuel solenoid valve is normal, and replace it if
necessary;
 For the electronic speed governing system, confirm various EPG
settings are correct and reasonable;
 Confirm the oil quantity setting of the fuel injection pump is correct;

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E nd
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