PREFIX AND SUFFIX
São responsáveis por adicionar ou alterar o significado de uma palavra. O prefixo é a
parte que vem antes da raiz da palavra. Raiz=menor parte com significado da palavra.
Invencível vem de vencer, portanto a raiz é venc e o prefixo é In (não, impossível de...)
Anti-: contra (antibiotic – antibiótico, antidote – antídoto)
bi-: ideia de duplicação (bilateral – bilateral, bicycle – bicicleta)
de-: oposto de (deactivation – desativação, decaffeinated – descafeinado)
dis-: oposto de, não, contrário (dislike - não gostar, disable – desativar)
fore-: antes de (foresee – prever, forecast – previsão)
in-, im-, ir-: não (incorrect – incorreto, irregular – irregular)
inter-: entre (interact – interagir, international – internacional)
mid-: meio (midway - meio do caminho, midday - meio-dia)
mis-: de forma incorreta (miscalculation - mal-calculado)
non-: não (nonacid - não-ácido, nonallergic - não-alérgico)
pre-: antes (prefix – prefixo, preschool- pré-escola)
re-: de novo, mais uma vez (reabsorb – reabsorver, redo – refazer)
sub-: inferior, abaixo de (subcategory – subcategoria)
un-: não (unacceptable – inaceitável, unhappy – infeliz)
SUFFIX
Vem depois da raiz da palavra. Invencível vem de vencer, portanto a raiz é venc e o
sufixo é ível (possível de...)
-able, -ible: forma adjetivos de verbos (acceptable – aceitável, adorable – adorável)
-est: o que é mais (biggest – maior, fastest - mais rápido)
-ful: indica “cheio de” (painful – doloroso, useful – útil)
-ion, -tion, -ation, -ition: indica “o processo de” (action – ação)
-ity, -ty, -ness: formam substantivos abstratos de adjetivos (activity – atividade)
-ly: forma advérbios (hardly – dificilmente, quickly - rapidamente)
-hood, -ship: formam substantivos (childhood – infância, leadership – liderança)
-eous, -ious, -ous: estado de, qualidade de... (religious - religioso, famous – famoso)
Sufixos Group em Inglês que indicam nacionalidade, profissão, instrumento de ação,
caráter ou pertencimento a um grupo de pessoas:
(—ician —ant —ent —ary —eer —ess —ist —ive —or —er / or —ee)
Mental physician — psiquiatra Participant — um participante
Student — aluno Revolutionary — revolucionário
Engineer — Engenheiro Goddess — Deusa
Fugitive — Fugitivo Terrorist — Terrorista
SUFFIX EM VERBOS
Marcações de tempos verbais também são considerados sufixos:
-s, -es, -ies: presente simples (loves, goes, studies)
-ing: tempo contínuo (loving, going, studying)
-ed, -d, -ied: passado simples (worked, loved, studied)
SIMPLE PRESENT:
Monica goes to school in the morning, she loves English, so she studies it a lot.
(Monica vai para escola de manhã, ela ama inglês, por isso ela estuda muito.)
PRESENT/PAST CONTINUOS:
Monica is going home now, she was studying with me.
(Monica está indo para casa agora, ela estava estudando comigo.)
SIMPLE PAST:
Monica and I studied to Math test and my father helped us.
(Monica e Eu estudamos para a prova de matemática e meu pai nos ajudou.)
1 – identifique a raiz (root), o sufixo e prefixo das palavras em negrito:
a)The magician made the rabbit disappear.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________
b)Because of the lightness of the breeze, the sailboat moved quite slowly.
Root: ____________Suffix: ____________
c)Some dogs are shy or unfriendly, and they might bark or snap if you try to pet them.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
d)Esther quickly reopened the door and called for her cat.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
e)We stood on a bluff overlooking the ocean.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
f)In today's world, no part of the globe is unreachable.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
g)My father never let anyone see him dressed informally.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
h)Everyone thought that Mr. Darcy was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
i)Preschoolers should have plenty of opportunities to run, play, and listen to stories.
Root: ____________Suffix: ____________
j)The speaker pointed out the unfairness of blaming high schools for the poor preparation.
Root: ____________Prefix: ____________Suffix: ____________
1 – identifique a raiz (root), o sufixo e prefixo das palavras em negrito:
a)The magician made the rabbit disappear.
Root: appear Prefix: dis
b)Because of the lightness of the breeze, the sailboat moved quite slowly.
Root: light Suffix: ness
c)Some dogs are shy or unfriendly, and they might bark or snap if you try to pet them.
Root: friend Prefix: un Suffix: ly
d)Esther quickly reopened the door and called for her cat.
Root: open Prefix: re Suffix: ed
e)We stood on a bluff overlooking the ocean.
Root: look Prefix: over Suffix: ing
f)In today's world, no part of the globe is unreachable.
Root: reach Prefix: un Suffix: able
g)My father never let anyone see him dressed informally.
Root: formal Prefix: in Suffix: ly
h)Everyone thought that Mr. Darcy was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world.
Root: agree Prefix: dis Suffix: able
i)Preschoolers should have plenty of opportunities to run, play, and listen to stories.
Root: opportuni Suffix: ties
j)The speaker pointed out the unfairness of blaming high schools for the poor preparation.
Root: fair Prefix: un Suffix: ness
2 – Retire do texto 10 palavras que contenham prefixos e/ou sufixos e escreva a
tradução. Adolescent Depression: Helping depressed tens
It’s not unusual for young people to experience “the blues” or feel “down in the dumps” occasionally. Adolescence
is always an unsetting time, with the many physical, emotional, psychological and social changes that
accompany this stage of life. Unrealistic academic, social, or family expectations can create a strong sense of
rejections and can lead to deep disappointment. When things go wrong at schools or at home, teens often
overreact. Many young people feel that life is not fair or that things “never go their way.” They feel “stressed out”
and confused. To make matters worse, teens are bombarded by conflicting messages from parents, friends and
society. Today’s teens see more of what life has to offer – both good and bad – on television, at school, in
magazines and on the Internet. Teens need adult guidance more than ever to understand all the emotional and
physical changes they are experiencing. When teens’ moods disrupt their ability to function on a day-to-day
basis, it may indicate a serious emotional or mental disorder that needs attention – adolescent depression.
Parents or caregivers must take action. Depressions can be difficult to diagnose in teens because adults may
expect teens to act moody. Also, adolescents do not always understand or express their feelings very well. They
may not be aware of the symptoms of depression and may not seek help.
Fonte:www.nmha.org/infoctr/factsheets/24.cfm
2 – Retire do texto 10 palavras que contenham prefixos e/ou sufixos e escreva a
tradução. Adolescent Depression: Helping depressed tens
It’s not unusual for young people to experience “the blues” or feel “down in the dumps” occasionally. Adolescence
is always an unsetting time, with the many physical, emotional, psychological and social changes that
accompany this stage of life. Unrealistic academic, social, or family expectations can create a strong sense of
rejections and can lead to deep disappointment. When things go wrong at schools or at home, teens often
overreact. Many young people feel that life is not fair or that things “never go their way.” They feel “stressed out”
and confused. To make matters worse, teens are bombarded by conflicting messages from parents, friends and
society. Today’s teens see more of what life has to offer – both good and bad – on television, at school, in
magazines and on the Internet. Teens need adult guidance more than ever to understand all the emotional and
physical changes they are experiencing. When teens’ moods disrupt their ability to function on a day-to-day
basis, it may indicate a serious emotional or mental disorder that needs attention – adolescent depression.
Parents or caregivers must take action. Depressions can be difficult to diagnose in teens because adults may
expect teens to act moody. Also, adolescents do not always understand or express their feelings very well. They
may not be aware of the symptoms of depression and may not seek help.
Fonte:www.nmha.org/infoctr/factsheets/24.cfm
