CHAPTER 5:
KEYWORD
•
(page 137)
Liquid
•Matter • Gas
• Particle • Diffusion
• Extraction
• melting • Evaporation
• Boiling • Condensation
• Solubility • Freezing
• solid • sublimation
5.1 WHAT IS A MATTER?
mass
Substance that has
and occupies space
Almost Living things
everything
In nature is Non-living thing
a matter
Use a pin to prick
the balloon
Air has mass and
occupies space
solid has mass
and
occupies
space
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
- Properties that can be identified by our five senses or measuring tools
Pan is made of
heat conductor Handle is made of
such as steel heat insulator
such as plastic
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
- Properties that can be identified by our five senses or measuring tools
Different liquids have Melting point of ice is the
different boiling temperature at which ice changes
points into liquid at certain temperature
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
- Properties that can be identified by our five senses or measuring tools
Sugar can dissolve in coffee
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER
- Properties that become evident when it changes to a new substance
Rusting occurs on iron
when it is exposed to
water and air
CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES
OF MATTER
- Properties that
become evident
when it changes
to a new
substance
HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY density
MATERIALS BY THEIR
DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS?
Melting point
solubility
and boiling
point
1.
density
lower density float,
higher density sink
2. Melting point and boiling point
Ice melts
at 0oC
water boils
Iron melts at 1536oC at 100oC
3.
solubility
Ability of
substance to
dissolve in a
given amount of
solvent to form a
solution
Solubility depends on
the physical and
chemical properties of
its solute and solvent
5.2 THREE STATES OF MATTER
1)Characteristic
2)Diffusion rate
3)Changes in the state
4)Examples of change of
state of matter
MATTER
Made up of tiny particles which are
discrete and always moving around
STATES OF MATTER
solid liquid gas
What is the substance
that exists in all three
states naturally?
What is the substance
that exists in all three
states naturally?
WATER
What is the substance
that NOT exists in all
three states naturally?
What is the substance
that NOT exists in all
three states naturally?
SUN
HEAT IS SUPPLIED
COOLED
COMPARISON OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE STATES OF MATTER
SOLID LIQUID GAS
MOVEMENT OF VIBRATE IN FIXED MOVE RANDOMLY MOVE RANDOMLY
PARTICLES POSITION AND FAST
SHAPE AND FIXED VOLUME TAKE THE SHAPE TAKE THE SHAPE
VOLUME OF THE COTAINER AND FOLLOW THE
BUT FIXED VOLUME OF THE
VOLUME CONTAINER
MASS FIXED MASS FIXED MASS NO FIXED MASS
COMPRESSIBILITY INCOMPRESSIBLE DIFFICULT TO COMPRESSIBLE
COMPRESS
SOLID LIQUID GAS
MOVEMENT OF VIBRATE IN FIXED MOVE MOVE
PARTICLES POSITION RANDOMLY RANDOMLY AND
FAST
SOLID LIQUID GAS
SHAPE AND FIXED VOLUME TAKE THE SHAPE TAKE THE SHAPE
VOLUME OF THE COTAINER AND FOLLOW
BUT FIXED THE VOLUME OF
VOLUME THE CONTAINER
SOLID LIQUID GAS
COMPRESSIBILITY INCOMPRESSIBLE DIFFICULT TO COMPRESSIBLE
COMPRESS
Activity 5.5
Which matter represents
your group?
DIFFUSION RATE IN
THREE STATES OF
MATTER
DIFFUSION
Process in which the
particles of substances
diffuse from high
concentration area
to a low concentration
area
IN A SOLID
Rate of diffusion of particles is slow
OBSERVATION
Gel turns
blue after a
few days
IN A LIQUID
Rate of diffusion of particles higher than in solid
OBSERVATION
Water turns
purple after
two hours
IN A GAS
Rate of diffusion of particles is the highest
OBSERVATION
Brown colour
bromine vapour
spreads evenly
throughout the
gas jar in a few
minutes
The smell
spreads
because its small
discrete particles
travels with the
air particles.
Diffusion has just
occured
CHANGES OF THE STATE OF MATTER CAUSED BY THE
ABSORPTION AND THE RELEASE OF HEAT BASED ON
KINETIC THEORY OF MATTER
MELTING
• Solid liquid
• Absorbs heat
BOILING
• Liquid Gas
• Occur at boiling point
• Absorbs heat
EVAPORATION
• Liquid Gas
• Occur at any temperature
• Absorbs heat (surrounding)
CONDENSATION
• Gas Liquid
• Occur at equal or below BP
• Release heat
FREEZING
• Liquid solid
• Occur at freezing point
• Release heat
SUBLIMATION
• Gas solid @ solid gas
