The presentation provided guidance on writing editorials, columns, and headlines as well as creating editorial cartoons and copyreading articles. It outlined the objectives, parts, types and tips for each topic to help student journalists effectively communicate their views and ensure accuracy. The presenter emphasized researching issues thoroughly and applying journalistic ethics to all work.
The presentation provided guidance on writing editorials, columns, and headlines as well as creating editorial cartoons and copyreading articles. It outlined the objectives, parts, types and tips for each topic to help student journalists effectively communicate their views and ensure accuracy. The presenter emphasized researching issues thoroughly and applying journalistic ethics to all work.
The presentation provided guidance on writing editorials, columns, and headlines as well as creating editorial cartoons and copyreading articles. It outlined the objectives, parts, types and tips for each topic to help student journalists effectively communicate their views and ensure accuracy. The presenter emphasized researching issues thoroughly and applying journalistic ethics to all work.
The presentation provided guidance on writing editorials, columns, and headlines as well as creating editorial cartoons and copyreading articles. It outlined the objectives, parts, types and tips for each topic to help student journalists effectively communicate their views and ensure accuracy. The presenter emphasized researching issues thoroughly and applying journalistic ethics to all work.
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PIA JOURN TALK SERIES
Joseph Bernard A. Marzan
Senior Reporter (on-leave), Daily Guardian Correspondent – Western Visayas, Philippine Daily Inquirer Contents ■ Editorial and Column Writing ■ Editorial Cartooning ■ Copyreading and Headline Writing EDITORIAL AND COLUMN WRITING What is an Editorial?
■ Article that expresses the
organization’s stand on relevant issues and concerns ■ Usually printed in the Editorial or Opinion pages, near the staff box What is an Editorial?
■ Do not have a byline or
tagline – Collective stand of the editorial board ■ Different from an ‘Editor’s Note’, which is typically written by the editor-in-chief as an open letter to the readers General Objectives of an Editorial
To DIE! (Discuss, Inform, Engage) General Objectives of an Editorial DISCUSS ■ Analyzing relevant issues – Simplifying for better understanding – Clarifying or correcting misconceptions – Taking a side on the issue General Objectives of an Editorial INFORM ■ Strengthening the role of the organization not just as a deliverer of news, features, and other information, but also as a social critic General Objectives of an Editorial ENGAGE ■ Mobilizing the readers to act ■ Reacting or raising the issue to be made known to the public Objectives of an Editorial (In the context of campus journalism) ■ Reflecting the paper’s orientation ■ Analyzing issues from a student’s point of view ■ Discussing national, local, and campus concerns ■ Weaving campus concerns as part of local and national concerns ■ Magnifying national concerns in the context of local and campus concerns Characteristics of a Good Editorial ■ Objective ■ Timely ■ Clear ■ Open ■ Simplified ■ Factual Parts of an Editorial
1. Introduction 2. Analysis 3. Conclusion Parts of an Editorial
INTRODUCTION ■ Gist of the argument ■ Attention-grabbing ■ If possible, use 5Ws and 1H Introduction Parts of an Editorial
ANALYSIS ■ Clear presentation of arguments ■ Supports the introduction ■ Present and refute opposition ■ Give additional relevant analogies Analysis Parts of an Editorial
CONCLUSION ■ Summarizes the points made ■ Must include specific calls to action when and wherever possible Conclusion Types of Editorial
1. Editorial of Information 2. Editorial of Interpretation 3. Editorial of Criticism 4. Editorial of Commendation, Appreciation, or Tribute 5. Editorial of Argumentation 6. Editorial of Entertainment 7. Mood Editorial 8. Special Occasion Tips in Writing Editorials ■ Have your audience in mind ■ Research, research, and research – Data related to the issue – Various arguments on the issue ■ Never be neutral, analyze and formulate based on the facts ■ KISS (Keep it simple but stable) What is a Column?
■ An individual opinion of a writer on a chosen topic or topics, usually relevant or pressing issues What is a Column?
■ Usually appears on the
Editorial or Opinion section of a paper ■ Written in the tone of the writer, usually with free rein ■ Usually based on the columnist’s expertise What is a Column?
■ Usually flanked by the
following elements: – Column title – Article title – Byline – Columnist’s photo Objectives of a Column
■ Explain or argue the
writer’s stand on an issue ■ Clarify facts which may not be clear to readers in regular news or feature stories Objectives of a Column (For campus journalists)
■ Presents individual writers, editors, and sometimes
faculty’s respective stances on campus, local, and national issues ■ Discusses specific topics targeted to their audiences (i.e. students) ■ Reflecting students’ advocacies (as individuals and collectively) Types of Columns
1. Opinion 2. Advice 3. Expertise or skills-related 4. Informative Types of Columns
■ Know who you’re writing for (target audience)
– For campus journalists, try to focus more on issues relating to students ■ Research, research, research – Data related to the issues – Arguments for or against the issue ■ Be faithful (stick to the topic) ■ KISS (Keep it simple and straight) Before we move forward…
■ Seek to answer some questions:
– What now? – How should we feel about this? – What do we do? ■ Never formulate your opinion without verifying your facts – Do not entertain arguments that aren’t factual – Stronger facts = stronger opinions ■ Journalistic ethics must always be top of mind ■ Good editorials and columns = good editorial leadership Before we move forward… Exercise!
Write an 800-word editorial on the
topic of AI and Journalism. Exercise!
■ Tools are being developed using Artificial Intelligence to write news
articles. ■ GMA Sports launched Maia and Marco, their first AI-powered sportscasters. ■ Rappler unveiled guidelines on the use of AI in writing its stories. ■ The Philippines on November 1 signed the Bletchley Declaration with 27 other countries during the AI Safety Summit at Bletchley Park, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom. EDITORIAL CARTOONING What is an Editorial Cartoon?
■ Expression of opinions through cartoon drawing ■ Usually printed in the Editorial or Opinion pages, accompanied by the Editorial article What is an Editorial Cartoon?
■ Drawing or sketching caricatures of persons or objects to inform, influence, argue, criticize, praise and interpret certain phenomenon or simply to entertain Elements of Cartooning
1. Composition 2. Balance 3. Unity Composition
■ Arrangement of all the
elements of a good drawing to produce the desired form and specifications (i.e. lines, shades, exaggerations, etc.) Balance
■ Stability produced by even distribution of elements with respect to the whole ■ Contrasting, opposing, and interacting elements Unity
■ Condition of harmony ■ Resulting singleness of effect or symmetry and consistency of style and character Elements of a Good Editorial Cartoon 1. Provides insight and potentially changes beliefs 2. Animates ideas and provokes audiences’ thought 3. Expressing the artist’s ideas and thoughts while requiring minimal explanation 4. Independent and beyond a graphic depiction of the editorial in text 5. Discusses current subject matter relevant to the readers Elements of a Good Editorial Cartoon Tips on creating your Editorial Cartoon 1. Focus on the central theme of your cartoon 2. Draw inspiration from pressing and persistent issues in the community, in school, or in society 3. Studying others’ cartoons is advisable, but original is better 4. Your drawing has to ‘speak’ to the audience and ‘make them listen’, so keep it relevant and keep it simple Tips on creating your Editorial Cartoon 5. Use less words as possible 6. Use common symbolism, or something that the audience may infer from your drawing (e.g. dove for peace, two-way balance for justice or law, crocodile for greed or gluttony) 7. Go back to journalistic ethics, make sure that while your art is expressive, it is not libelous COPYREADING AND HEADLINE WRITING What is Copyreading?
■ Process of checking the
form of the story ■ Giving the articles a ‘final touch’ before printing or publication ■ Also known as editing or correcting the article What is Copyreading? What is a ‘Copy’?
■ The material to be sent
to the typist to be typeset ■ News story, feature article, editorial, literary piece, etc. What do we need to copyread?
■ Errors in fact ■ Errors in grammar ■ Mechanics ■ Errors in structure ■ Opinionized/editorial statements (for news stories) What do we need to copyread?
■ Libelous or derogatory statements ■ Redundancies, verbal deadwood, and wasteful words ■ Errors in unity, coherence, and emphasis What do we need to copyread?
■ 'currently at the moment’
■ ‘9AM in the morning’ ■ ‘biography of their life’ ■ ‘locals of the town’ or ‘students of the school’ ■ ’for reasons such as’ or ‘their reason being’ ■ ‘ahead of the scheduled date and time’ Copyreading Tools online
■ Determine the lead. ■ Check for the accuracy of all facts and statements. – Substance > form ■ Correct all errors in grammar, spelling, structure, and punctuation, among others. ■ Make sure that the ideas are organized. Copyreading steps and tips
■ If there are too many
corrections, advise the writer, the editors, and the advisers to see what you can or need to do next. Copyreading steps and tips
■ Re-read, re-read, and re-read.
– If the story is too long, cut unnecessary details. – An accurate and more organized story > comprehensive story. – Seek editors’ and adviser’s guidance if unsure. What is Headline Writing?
■ Writing the title of the
news story – ‘Display window’ of the paper – Source of intial information for busy readers Why is Headline Writing important? ■ Summarizes the news in less than a sentence ■ Presents the news for rapid reading ■ Indicates the relative importance of the news by the amount of display ■ Gives a pleasing appearance to the news pages Headline Writing tips
■ KISS (Keep it short and
simple) ■ Get creative, and get attention. ■ Size and length must be proportionate to your article. ■ The headline must be based on the lead. Before we go… Some things I would like to say…
1. Relax. 2. Never forget journalistic ethics. 3. Ethical article > creative article. 4. Good outputs = good editorial leadership. Material sourced from:
■ Prof. Danilo Arao, UP College of Mass Communications
■ Dr. Ian C. Espada, WVSU College of Communication ■ Philip Jayson Falcis ■ John C. Nery ■ Charles Egama ■ Noel Ortega
