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Plums

Plums are stone fruits belonging to the genus Prunus. The two main races are European plums and Japanese plums. Punjab is the leading producer of plums in India. Common varieties include Green Gage, Golden Transparent, and Victoria for European plums and Kelsey, Santa Rosa, and Starking Delicious for Japanese plums. Plums grow on spurs and one year old shoots and have a lifespan of 5-6 years. They require chilling hours between 700-1200 depending on variety and bloom early, making them susceptible to frost damage.

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M.P. Seenivasan
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1K views17 pages

Plums

Plums are stone fruits belonging to the genus Prunus. The two main races are European plums and Japanese plums. Punjab is the leading producer of plums in India. Common varieties include Green Gage, Golden Transparent, and Victoria for European plums and Kelsey, Santa Rosa, and Starking Delicious for Japanese plums. Plums grow on spurs and one year old shoots and have a lifespan of 5-6 years. They require chilling hours between 700-1200 depending on variety and bloom early, making them susceptible to frost damage.

Uploaded by

M.P. Seenivasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Production technology of Plums

Introduction
• Botanical name: Prunus domestica
• Family: Rosaceae
• Two races
1. European plum: Prunus domestica: 2n=48(Allo-hexaploid)
2. Japanese plum: Prunus salicina (commonly in india)
2n=16(Diploid)
• Introduced in himachal pradesh in 1870
• Climacteric fruit
• Second important stone fruit next to peach
Area and production
• Punjab is the leading state in cultivation of sub-tropical plum
• World leading producer china
Species
• Common name: European plum
• Scientific name: Prunus domestica
• Origin : Europe
• Common name: Japanese plum
• Scientific name: Prunus salicina
• Origin : China
• Common name: American plum
• Scientific name: Prunus americana
• Origin : North america
• Common name: Damson plum
• Scientific name: Prunus insitita
• Origin : Western asia
• Common name: Myrobolan plum
• Scientific name: Prunus cerasifera
• Origin : Western & central asia
Botany
• Fruit type: Drupe (stone fruit)
• Plum generally bears on spurs& sometimes on 1 year old
shoots
• Life span of spurs - 5-6 yrs
• Gametophytic self- incompatibility is seen
• Plums exhibit heterogamy& different length of statemens&
styles
Soil and climate
• Chilling requirement: 1000-1200 hours for European plum&
700-1000 hrs for Japanese plum
• Plums bloom early in season hence they are prone to frost
injury
• pH of 5.5-6.5 is ideal
Varieties

European plums Japanese plums


• Green gage • Kelsey
• Golden transparent • Santa rosa
• Victoria • Starking delicious
• Stanley • Alubokharo, rubio, hale,
gaviota, beauty, shiro,
abundance
• Early (apr-may) - Alubokharo, Rubio

• Mid-season(june-july) - Hale, gaviota, abundance

• Late(july-august) - Shiro, kelsey


Propagation & rootstock
• Propagation: Tongue grafting in feb
• Shield/ T- budding done in the monthly of may-june
• Myrobalan plum(P. Cerasiformae) is commonly used rootstock
in England and USA for European and Japanese plums
AHO 2018

HO 2023
Cultivation
• Planting time: Dec-Jan
• Spacing: 6*6M ( north indian conditions). 4*4m(south indian
conditions)
• Training: Modified central leader system
• Japanese plums require heavier annual pruning as compared
to european plums
• Honey bee acts as a major pollinator
• For thinning, NAA 2,4,5-T at 25 and 50 ppm
Maturity & harvesting
• Plums are harvested from 90-110 days from full bloom
• Fruits are available in market from second week of may to
third week of july
• Fruit TSS at the time of maturity is 12.5* brix
• Plums are stored in 0c at 85-90% RH

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