ANGKUTAN MULTIMODA

PTDI-STTD
Daftar isi

1. What Is Unimodal Transport,

2. What Is Intermodal Transport , Concept Of Intermodal Transport , And Intermodal Transport
Advantage … ESCAP
3. What Is Combined Transport , Combined Transport Concept And Sample Of Combined Transport In
EU
4. Transportasi Multimoda
5. Advantage Of Multimodal Transport … ESCAP, And Disadvantage Of Multimodal Transport …
ESCAP
6. Kegiatan Angkutan Multimoda
7. Badan Usaha Angkutan Multimoda
8. Pm.8 Tahun 2012 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Dan Pengusahaan Angkutan Multimoda
WHAT IS UNIMODAL TRANSPORT

 UNIMODAL TRANSPORT is The Carriage of Goods by one single mode of Transport, namely
Road, Rails, Sea, Inland Waterway, Air, Space for the entire route of transport. •
 Unimodal Transport covers the entire transport including transshipment if the second leg of transport is
the same mode but in the different means of transport, such as Sea transport using feeder and mother
vessel. Air transport with transshipment at hub in other country than destination is defined as Unimodal
Transport as well.
WHAT IS INTERMODAL TRANSPORT

 •Intermodal Transport definition by OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development)
“Movement of goods (in one and the same loading unit or a vehicle) by successive modes of transport
without handling of the goods themselves when changing modes.”
 •Intermodal Transport definition by ASEAN Training Material. •
“The Carriage of Goods by MORE than TWO modes of transport without any handling of the freight
when changing the modes through an intermodal transport chain with one single contract of carrier. In
USA so called “Containerized Rail Transport”
 •Intermodal Transport definition by EU Commission Intermodality 1977
“ A characteristic of transport system that allows at least two different modes to be used in an
integrated manner in a door-to-door chain”. Intermodal Transport definition by European Conference of
MTO (ECMT)2003 (same as OECD) “The movement of goods in one and the same load unit or vehicle
by successive modes of transport without handling of the goods themselves when changing modes”.
CONCEPT OF INTERMODAL TRANSPORT

 International Transport •
 At least two modes of transport •
 No handling the goods when changing modes •
 Several Contracts of Carriage (traditional concept) •
 Single Contract of Carriage but liability of carrier is based on each leg of transport at latter stage.
 INTERMODAL TRANSPORT
ADVANTAGE … ESCAP
 Increased ability to negotiate terms per stage or stretch of the route. •
 Each supplier is responsible for its service. •
 Possibility to choose carriers and take advantage of the best rates for each stage or stretch of the route. •
 Fewer inspections because containers are sealed in advance. •
 Because everything is loaded in the same container, the time it takes for loading and unloading is lower. •
 Increased flexibility and special handling of loading and unloading in different ports. •
 Cheaper insurance premiums.
 Consistent Capacity and service such as Rail and truck •
 Quality Service because choice of selection
 INTERMODAL TRANSPORT
DIS ADVANTAGE … ESCAP
 Slower because cost reduction is prioritized. •
 Less reliability because there are several suppliers answering for their own services. •
 Tracking all the suppliers and coordinating solutions to delays with them. •
 More expenditures due to the need to coordinate several contracts with different suppliers. •
 The infrastructure that makes intermodal transportation easier for example, cranes for containers, is scarce and
more expensive. •
 Additional packaging costs to mitigate damage when moving merchandis
WHAT IS COMBINED TRANSPORT

 •Combined Transport Definition by UNECE

“Combination of means of transport where one (passive) transport means is carried by another (active)
means which provides traction and consumes energy“
For transport policy purposes the ECMT restricts the term combined transport to cover: "Intermodal
transport where the major part of the European journey is by rail, inland waterways or sea and any
initial and/or final leg carried out by road are as short as possible".
Some refers Combined transport as a service in which the unit is transported between various
transshipment points by rail, sea, or inland waterway; however, its delivery from the sender and
transport to the recipient uses road transport.
Combined Transport Concept

 Combination of Modes of Transport •

 At least two modes of transport •
 Within Europe and beyond •
 Single Contract of Carriage •
 Single Operator •
 Without handling of the goods
SAMPLE OF BACK CLAUSE OF COMBINED TRANSPORT
LIABILITY COMBINED TRANSPORT
 Sample of back clause of Combined Transport Liability Combined Transport: If the Carriage called for
by this Bill of Lading is Combined Transport, the Carrier undertakes the performance and/or in its own
name to procure performance of the Carriage from the Place of Receipt or the Port of Loading,
whichever is applicable, to the Port of Discharge or the Place of Delivery, whichever is applicable,
and, save as otherwise provided in this Bill of Lading, the Carrier shall be liable for loss or damage
occurring during the Carriage, between the time when he receives the goods into his charge and the
time of delivery
SAMPLE OF COMBINED TRANSPORT IN EU

 •PIGGYBACK
Using concept of long haul /short haul (Rail/Road mode) which is popular in Europe. The goods are
packed onto the trailer and the trailer is moved to rail flat car for final station, then truck will continue
carry the goods to final destination •
 SWAP BODY
It is one type of standard freight containers for road and rail transport. Many swap bodies are fitted with
four up-folding legs under their frame.[4] These legs make it possible to change, or swap, their body from
one carriage to another, or to leave the swap body at a destination, without using extra equipment such as
crane or hoist.
 APA ITU TRANSPORTASI MULTIMODA ?

Transportasi  “…. The carriage of goods by at least two different

modes of transport on the basis of a multimodal transport

Multimoda contract from a place in one country at which the goods

are taken in charge by multimodal transport operator
(MTO) to a place designated for delivery situated in a
different country.” menurut United Nations Conference
on Trade and Developmnet (UNCTAD)
 “Angkutan Barang dengan menggunakan paling sedikit
2 (dua) moda angkutan yang berbeda atas dasar 1 (satu)
kontrak sebagai dokumen angkutan multimoda ke
suatu tempat yang ditentukan untuk penyerahan barang
kepada penerima barang angkutan multimoda.” sesuai
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor: 8 Tahun 2011 tentang
Angkutan Multimoda.
TUJUAN TRANSPORTASI MULTIMODA
 Mewujudkan pelayanan one stop service, dengan
indikator single seamless service (S3) yaitu single
operator, single tariff, dan single document untuk
angkutan barang.
 ADVANTAGE OF MULTIMODAL
TRANSPORT … ESCAP

 Reduce Complication of Liability of Intermodal  Increased monitoring of shipments from stage to

Transport • stage. •
 Dealing with one operator for contract of carriage •  There is only one company in charge of meeting the
 Fix the limitation of liability of operator • shipment deadline; therefore, there is better control
on management and less risk of merchandise theft or
 One single contract of carriage for entire routes • loss while responsibility lies on just one entity. •
 Door-to-Door Deliverable •  Scheduling routes, costs, staff, and logistics becomes
 National Wealth as Hub of Transit easier. •
 Reduction in the costs and time for coordination and  The FBL document has preference to enter and go
operation of logistics. • through customs
 DISADVANTAGE OF MULTIMODAL
TRANSPORT … ESCAP

 The merchandise may encounter legal and operational limitations when international standards are applied. •
 For safety reasons, inspections in terminals are frequent, which limits operations.
KEGIATAN ANGKUTAN  Dalam menyelenggarakan kegiatan angkutan
multimoda , badan usaha angkutan multimoda
MULTIMODA bertanggung jawab terhadap kegiatan penunjang
angkutan multimoda yang meliputi pengurusan:
a. transportasi;
 Angkutan multimoda hanya dapat dilakukan oleh b. pergudangan;
badan usaha angkutan multimoda. c. konsolidasi muatan;
 Kegiatan angkutan multimoda meliputi kegiatan d. penyediaan ruang muatan; dan/atau
yang dimulai sejak diterimanya barang oleh e. kepabeanan untuk angkutan multimoda ke luar
badan usaha angkutan multimoda dari negeri dan ke dalam negeri.
pengguna jasa angkutan multimoda sampai
dengan diserahkannya barang kepada penerima
barang dari badan usaha angkutan multimoda
sesuai dengan yang diperjanjikan dalam dokumen
angkutan multimoda
Badan usaha angkutan  Tanggung jawab badan usaha angkutan multimoda
atas kerusakan atau kehilangan diberikan dalam
multimoda bentuk ganti rugi.
 Ganti rugi diberikan setara dengan:
 Badan usaha angkutan multimoda wajib memiliki a. 666,67 (enam ratus enam puluh enam koma enam
izin usaha angkutan multimoda dari Menteri. puluh tujuh) SDR per paket atau 2 (dua) SDR per
kilogram berat kotor barang dari barang yang hilang
 Izin usaha angkutan multimoda diberikan kepada atau rusak untuk barang yang di angkut dengan
badan usaha angkutan multimoda yang memenuhi menggunakan angkutan laut, sungai, danau, dan
persyaratan: a. administrasi; dan b. teknis. penyeberangan; atau
 Persyaratan teknis paling sedikit meliputi: a. b. 8,33 (delapan koma tiga puluh tiga) SDR per
memiliki dan/atau menguasai peralatan kerja; kilogram berat kotor barang yang hilang atau rusak,
dan b. memiliki sumber daya manusia yang dalam hal angkutan multimoda tidak menggunakan
memiliki kompetensi di bidang angkutan angkutan laut atau angkutan sungai, danau, dan
multimoda. penyeberangan
 Peralatan kerja a paling sedikit meliputi kantor  Badan usaha angkutan multimoda wajib
tetap, alat angkut, dan peralatan bongkar muat. mengasuransikan tanggung jawabnya, dan dapat
menutup asuransi barang (cargo insurance)
berdasarkan permintaan tertulis dari pengguna jasa
angkutan multimoda.
 PM.8 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN DAN
PENGUSAHAAN ANGKUTAN MULTIMODA
 Angkutan Multimoda adalah angkutan barang  badan usaha angkutan multimoda bertanggung
dengan menggunakan paling sedikit 2 (dua) moda jawab terhadap kegiatan : a. transportasi; b.
angkutan yang berbeda atas dasar 1 (satu) kontrak pergudangan; c. konsolidasi muatan; d.
sebagai dokumen angkutan multimoda dari satu penyediaan ruang muatan; dan/atau e.
tempat diterimanya barang oleh badan usaha kepabeanan untuk angkutan multimoda ke luar
angkutan multimoda ke suatu tempat yang negeri dan ke dalam negeri.
ditentukan untuk penyerahan barang kepada
penerima barang angkutan multimoda.
 Kegiatan angkutan multimoda meliputi kegiatan
yang dimulai sejak diterimanya barang sampai
dengan diserahkannya barang sesuai dengan yang
diperjanjikan dalam dokumen angkutan multimoda
 DOKUMEN ANGKUTAN MULTIMODA

PALING SEDIKIT MEMUAT:

 a. identifikasi barang (merek dan nomor); b. sifat barang  o. tempat dan tanggal penerbitan dokumen angkutan
(barang berbahaya atau barang yang mudah rusak); c. rincian
multimoda; p. tanda tangan dari penanggung jawab
barang jumlah dan bentuk kemasan berupa paket atau unit
barang); d. berat kotor atau jumlah barang; e. ukuran barang; badan usaha angkutan multimoda atau orang yang
f. keterangan lain yang dinyatakan oleh consignorlpengirim; diberi kuasa; q. ongkos untuk setiap moda
g. kondisi nyata barang; nama dan tempat usaha badan usaha transportasi dan/atau total ongkos, mata uang yang
angkutan multimoda; digunakan, serta tempat pembayaran sesuai dengan
 i. nama pengirim atau pengguna jasa; j. penerima barang persetujuan para pihak;
(consignee) jika disebut oleh pengirim; k. tempat dan tanggal  r. rute perjalanan dan moda transportasi yang
barang diterima oleh badan usaha angkutan multimoda; I.
tempat penyerahan barang; m. tanggal atau periode waktu
digunakan, serta tempat transshipment apabila
penyerahan barang di tempat penyerahan barang sesuai diketahui pada saat dokumen diterbitkan; s. nama
dengan persetujuan para pihak; n. pernyataan bahwa agen atau perwakilan yang akan melaksanakan
dokumen angkutan multimoda "dapat dinegosiasi" penyerahan barang; dan 1. asuransi muatan.
(negotiable) atau "tidak dapat dinegosiasi" (non negotiable);
DOKUMEN ANGKUTAN
MULTIMODA
 Dokumen angkutan multimoda disusun oleh
asosiasi angkutan multimoda.
 Asosiasi angkutan multimoda dalam menyusun
dokumen angkutan multimoda harus mengacu pada
Standard Trading Conditions (STC) yang
ditetapkan oleh menteri yang menyelenggarakan
urusan pemerintahan di bidang hukum setelah
mendapat rekomendasi dari Menteri.