GGS AND GCS

DESIGN AND
LAYOUT
PRESENT BY
Naresh Bishnoi(19EBRPE025)
Balaram(19EBRPE002)
Vivek Dhaka(19EBRPE048)
Yuvraj(20EBRPE201)
Gopal(20EBRPE200)
SESSION OUTLOOK
 Introduction

 Hydrocarbon production and transportation

 Wells and manifold

 Oil and gas production systems schimatic

 Process flow schimatic

 Separator

 Gas treatment and compression

 Oil and Gas project segment

 Natural gas is processed for sale and consumption

 Surface facilities

 Summary
INTRODUCTION
Production: Taking raw natural gas from underground formations.
Gathering and Processing: Stripping out impurities and other hydrocarbons and fluids to produce pipeline
grade natural gas that meets specified tariffs (pipeline quality natural gas is 95-98 percent methane).
Transmission: Delivery of natural gas from the wellhead and processing plant to city gate stations or
industrial end users.Transmission occurs through a vast network of high pressure pipelines. Natural gas
storage falls within this sector. Natural gas is typically stored in depleted underground reservoirs, aquifers,
and salt caverns.
Distribution: Delivery of natural gas from the major pipelines to the end users (e.g., residential,
commercial and industrial).
 In the oil industry, some underground crude contains natural gas that is entrained in the oil at high
reservoir pressures. When oil is removed from the reservoir, associated natural gas is produced.
NATURAL GAS IS PROCESSED
FOR SALE AND
CONSUMPTION
 Natural gas withdrawn from natural gas or crude oil wells is called wet natural gas because, along with
methane, it usually contains NGL-ethane, propane, butanes, and pentanes-and water vapor. Wellhead
natural gas may also contain nonhydrocarbons such as sulfur, helium, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and
carbon dioxide, most of which must be removed from natural gas before it is sold to consumers.
 From the wellhead, natural gas is sent to processing plants where water vapor and nonhydrocarbon
compounds are removed and NGL are separated from the wet gas and sold separately. Some ethane is
often left in the processed natural gas. The separated NGL are called natural gas plant liquids (NGPL),
and the processed natural gas is called dry, consumer-grade, or pipeline quality natural gas. Some
wellhead natural gas is sufficiently dry and satisfies pipeline transportation standards without processing.
Chemicals called odorants are added to natural gas so that leaks in natural gas pipelines can be detected.
Dry natural gas is sent through pipelines to underground storage fields or to distribution companies and
then to consumers.
NATURAL GAS IS PROCESSED
FOR SALE AND
CONSUMPTION
In places where natural gas pipelines are not available to take away associated natural gas produced from
oil wells, the natural gas may be reinjected into the oil bearing formation, or it may be vented or burned
(flared). Reinjecting unmarketable natural gas can help to maintain pressure in oil wells to improve oil
production.
Coalbed methane can be extracted from coal deposits before or during coal mining, and it can be added to
natural gas pipelines without any special treatment.
 Most of the natural gas consumed in the United States is produced in the United States. Some natural gas
is imported from Canada and Mexico in pipelines. A small amount of natural gas is also imported as
liquefied natural gas.
SURFACE FACILITIES
Process Description:
Oil is received in GGS from the wells through 4” pipelines into the following headers
1. Group header
2. Test header
3. Emulsion header
4. H.P header
1) Group Header (oil & gas)- In a gathering system, a pipe arrangement that connects flow lines
from several wellheads into a single gathering line. A header has production and testing valves to
control the flow of each well, thus directing the produced fluids to production or testing vessels
a) Well fluid from the wells to header, to bath heater, for preheating & then to group separator Oil
water mixture after separation of gas in group separator goes to heater-Treater for emulsion
treatment Oil from HT goes to oil storage tank & from tank, it is pumped to CTF with the help of oil
dispatch
SURFACE FACILITIES
B) Gas from the group separator goes to booster compressor for compression & goes to the gas grid to GGS
which is measured by flow recorder.
2) Test Header (oil & gas):
One test header with section valve is provided to . Facilitate testing of individual wells one well can be
tested at a time. The well to be tested is diverted to test separator where liquid & gas separation take
place. Metering facility is provided for oil & gas
3) Emulsion Header:
Well fluid flows from the wells to header & goes to emulsion separator for separating liquid & gas.
Liquid goes to heater Treater for emulsion separation.
4)H.P. Header:
Well fluid flows from header & goes to emulsion separator-2/ HP separators. From separator liquid
goes to heater Treater for emulsion treatment & gas goes to the gas grid to GGS which is measured by
the flow recorders oil from HT goes to storage tanks.
SUMMARY
 The cruid oil produced from various oil fields are being transported through pipeline to a GGS
 In GGS oil is being separated from impurity and water by the process of 3- phase separator
 The gas which is produced is transported through pipeline to gas collecting station (GCS)
 The process crude oil from many ggs is being transported to a central tank farm (CTF),where
again the crude oil is subjective to a separator process in a heater treater in which the
separation occur in three stage.
 Later on process cruid oil transported to the de-salter plant for reducing of salt in water content
of cruid oil (water content<0.2%)
 The final crude oil is recovered well 0.10 % water cut and its transport through pipeline to a
nearby refinary.
THANK YOU