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C151 Multi-User Operating Systems: Linux History

This document provides an overview of the history and development of Linux and open source operating systems. It discusses how Richard Stallman started the GNU project in 1983 and Linus Torvalds developed the first Linux kernel in 1991. It also outlines some key events like the introduction of RedHat Linux in 1994 and the adoption of Linux by many companies and universities. The document describes components of Linux like the kernel, file system, shells, and graphical interfaces. It provides reasons for using Linux like it being free, stable, and an alternative to Microsoft dominance.

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29 views10 pages

C151 Multi-User Operating Systems: Linux History

This document provides an overview of the history and development of Linux and open source operating systems. It discusses how Richard Stallman started the GNU project in 1983 and Linus Torvalds developed the first Linux kernel in 1991. It also outlines some key events like the introduction of RedHat Linux in 1994 and the adoption of Linux by many companies and universities. The document describes components of Linux like the kernel, file system, shells, and graphical interfaces. It provides reasons for using Linux like it being free, stable, and an alternative to Microsoft dominance.

Uploaded by

Bryan Seller
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C151 Multi-User Operating Systems

Linux History
Open Source Programming
Open source programming: 1983, Richard
Stallman started the GNU Project (GNU = Gnu is
not Unix), a software movement to provide free
and quality software.
1984 – Stallman started to write the GNU C
compiler (gcc), considered as one of the most
efficient and robust compilers ever created.
Open source programs are released under the GNU
General Public License.
Linux History
Minix, the first open source operating system,
written by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in C, about
12000 lines of code.
1991, first Linux kernel written in C by Linus
Torvalds, University of Helsinki, Finland. First
message about it posted on August 25, first release
in September.
It was developed with the contribution of many
programmers around the world.
It is functionally similar to Unix (a clone).
Linux Development
1993 – FreeBSD 1.0 (Berkley Unix)
1994 – RedHat Linux is introduced.
1999 – Linux available for PowerPC (Apple)
Now – adopted by many companies and most
universities, third world countries.
Standard for parallel and high performance
computing (Beowulf clusters).
Available for most computers, including PDA,
supports graphical user interfaces, networking, and
has many applications.
Why Linux
 It's free! – the source code is also available and anybody
can write their own Linux as long as they include the
source code in the distribution.
 Most users consider it a more stable and reliable OS than
Windows.
 It's an alternative to Microsoft's dominance of the software
market.
 It is multi-tasking, multi-user. Good support of multiple
CPUs.
 Many utilities and APIs are now included in most
distributions, like the g++ compiler, OpenGL, MPI,
pthreads, etc.
 Mac OS now has an integrated shell and can run X11,
Linux-specific applications.
Linux Components
The kernel – the core of the OS that controls the
resources.
A hierarchical file system (FHS)
FHS
Shells – applications that interpret the commands
from the user. They are active in the textual mode
or terminal mode. Shells can also execute script
files. Examples: bash, tcsh, zsh, sh, etc.
Graphical interfaces – the X window system.
Desktop interfaces: Gnome, KDE, fvwm, etc.
Specific libraries: X11, gtk-glib-gnome, Qte, etc.
Layered View of Linux Operating
System
Layered View of Linux Operating
System
Reading Assignment
Textbook: Chapter 1 and Chapter 2
Linux History on Youtube
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVTWCPoUt8w

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