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Constants of Electrical Transmission Lines

The document discusses the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of electrical power transmission lines, noting that these properties are distributed uniformly along the length of the line. It explains that resistance is the opposition to current flow, inductance is related to flux linkages created by changing current, and capacitance exists between any two conductors separated by an insulator like air. It also provides equations for calculating the inductance of single-phase and three-phase transmission line configurations.

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Mr Hassan Raza
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99 views21 pages

Constants of Electrical Transmission Lines

The document discusses the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of electrical power transmission lines, noting that these properties are distributed uniformly along the length of the line. It explains that resistance is the opposition to current flow, inductance is related to flux linkages created by changing current, and capacitance exists between any two conductors separated by an insulator like air. It also provides equations for calculating the inductance of single-phase and three-phase transmission line configurations.

Uploaded by

Mr Hassan Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Electrical Power Transmission

Topic:- Constants of Transmission Line

Prepared by : Hassan Raza


Constants of Transmission Line
A transmission line has resistance, inductance
and capacitance uniformly distributed along the
whole length of the line. Before we pass on to
the methods of finding these constants for a
transmission line, it is profitable to understand
them thoroughly.
Resistance.
It is the opposition of line conductors to current
flow. The resistance is distributed uniformly along
the whole length of the line as shown in Fig.(i).
However, the performance of a transmission line
can be analyzed conveniently if distributed
resistance is considered as lumped as shown in
Fig.(ii).
Inductance.
When an alternating current flows through a
conductor, a changing flux is set up which
links the conductor. Due to these flux linkages,
the conductor possesses inductance.
Mathematically, inductance is defined as the
flux linkages per ampere i.e.,
Inductance.
The inductance is also uniformly distributed
along the length of the line as show in Fig.(i).
Again for the convenience of analysis, it can be
taken to be lumped as shown in Fig.(ii).
Capacitance
We know that any two conductors separated by an
insulating material constitute a capacitor. As any
two conductors of an overhead transmission line
are separated by air which acts as an insulation,
therefore, capacitance exists between any two
overhead line conductors. The capacitance
between the conductors is the charge per unit
potential difference i.e.,
Inductance of a single phase Two-wire line
Consider a single phase overhead line consisting of
two parallel conductors A and B spaced d meters apart
as shown in Fig. Conductors A and B carry the same
amount of current (i.e. IA = IB), but in the opposite
direction because one forms the return circuit of the
other. ∴ IA + IB =0
In order to find the inductance of conductor A
(or conductor B), we shall have to consider the
flux linkages with it. There will be flux linkages
with conductor A due to its own current IA and
also due to the mutual inductance effect of
current IB in the conductor B. Flux linkages with
conductor A due to its own current.
Note that eq. (ii) is the inductance of the two-wire
line and is sometimes called loop inductance.
However, inductance given by eq. (i) is the
inductance per conductor and is equal to half the
loop inductance.
Overhead Line Inductance of a 3-Phase
Fig. shows the three conductors A, B and C of a
3-phase line carrying currents IA, IB and IC
respectively. Let d1, d2 and d3 be the spacing's
between the conductors as shown. Let us further
assume that the loads are balanced i.e.
IA + IB + IC = 0. Consider the flux linkages with
conductor A. There will be flux linkages with
conductor A due to its own current and also due
to the mutual inductance effects of IB and IC.
Symmetrical spacing.
If the three conductors A, B and C are placed
symmetrically at the corners of an equilateral
triangle of side d, then, d1 = d2 = d3 = d. Under
such conditions, the flux linkages with
conductor A become :
Derived in a similar way, the expressions for
inductance are the same for conductors B and C
Any Question
?

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