NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE
OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Guided by, Presented by,
Er. Sneha M Varghese Neenu Ann Jacob
Assistant Professor M3 SECM
Saintgits College of Engineering Roll No - 13
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
OVERVIEW
• INTRODUCTION
• OBJECTIVES
• SCOPE OF THE WORK
• METHODOLOGY
• LITERATURE REVIEW
• VALIDATION DETAILS
• PROPOSED SCHEDULE
• REFERENCES
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
INTRODUCTION
• Shear Walls - Vertical structural element designed to resist lateral loads
• Effectiveness in minimizing earthquake damage
• Provide large strength & stiffness in the direction of orientation
Components
RC shear wall Steel plates Boundary beams & columns Shear connectors
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 1 : Components of composite shear wall (Jiang et al., 2019)
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
ADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
RC wall of CSW can be either cast-in-place or precast
RC wall can be bolted to steel plates at any convenient time during construction
RC wall provides sound & temperature insulation, in addition to fire proofing to
steel plates
The damage of CSW after a moderate or strong earthquake is repairable with
minimal disturbance to its functionality
In CSW, the RC wall restrains steel plate & prevents its buckling before it yields
in shear
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
OBJECTIVES
• To study cyclic behaviour of composite shear walls by :
1. Varying mechanical shear connectors
2. Using steel section plates
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
SCOPE OF THE WORK
Analysis is done by finite element method (ANSYS)
Mechanical shear connectors used are made up of steel
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
METHODOLOGY
Stage 1 Literature study
Stage 2 Validation
Stage 3 Modelling and analysis of composite shear walls with different
shear connectors :
• Headed stud connector
• Bolt connector
• J-hook connector
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Stage 4 Modelling and analysis of composite shear walls using steel
section plates :
• I section
• Channel section
Stage 5 Interpretation of results
Stage 6 Report Writing
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
LITERATURE REVIEW
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Jian Li • Concrete-filled double-steel- • Larger w to t ratio &
2020 plate (CFDSP) composite Increasing t of steel plates
Numerical and shear walls (CSW) --- better shear bearing
1 theoretical • FEA ---- ANSYS capacity of CSW
analysis of • Failure mode, hysteretic • Large axial compression
seismic behaviour curve, stiffness, shear ratio could reduce shear
of CFDSP bearing capacity & ductility bearing capacity
composite shear of CFDSP CSW • Ductility of CFDSP CSW
walls • Effects of w to t ratio, axial increased ----- increase in
Journal of comp. ratio, h to w ratio, t of nos of stiffeners &
Building steel plates, no of stiffeners decrease in spacing of
Engineering & spacing of shear studs shear studs
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Jianwei Zhang • Composed of high- • Proposed shear walls had
2020 strength concrete & steel small residual deformation
Seismic behavior rebars, as well as until a 2 % loading drift ratio
2 of composite shear concrete-encased CFST After that, hysteresis curve
walls incorporating columns embedded at became full & energy
high-strength boundary elements dissipation capacity increased
materials and • Cyclic behavior of four --- indicates desirable collapse
CFST boundary shear walls were analyzed resistance
elements under cyclic lateral loading • Steel fibers effectively
Engineering experiments enhanced deformation
Structures capacity
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Wenyuan Zhang • Composed of dual steel • Specimens exhibit good
2019 plates, vertical stiffening deformation capacity &
Experimental study steel plates, infilled ductility
3 on the seismic concrete & steel studs - Ultimate drift ratios range
behaviour of • Hysteresis behaviour, from 2.56 % to 4.55 %
composite shear ductility, strength & energy - Ductility ranges from 2.81 to
walls with stiffened dissipation 6.15
steel plates and • Increase in wall thickness
infilled concrete • Steel plate thickness can enhance max strength,
vary from approximately ductility & energy
Thin walled 2.25 mm – 45 mm dissipation capacity
Structures
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Mohsenali Shayanfar • Effect of crack on • Small initial crack does not have
2019 behavior of steel considerable effect on behavior
Numerically SW subjected to of steel plate SW
4 and parametrically lateral load • Horizontal cracks are more
investigating • Crack includes : critical than vertical cracks
the cracked steel plate Horizontal crack • Ultimate displacement of
shear walls b/w infll plate & SPSWs reduced up to 77 % by
Iranian Journal of beam nd vertical horizontal crack
Science and crack b/w infll plate • Horizontal crack reduces
Technology & column
ductility, energy absorption &
ultimate strength of system
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Jia Bao Yan • Double skin composite • Steel tube in the DSC shear
2018 (DSC) shear walls with walls improves ultimate
boundary col. to make resist., ductility & energy
Seismic behaviour
5 sols to improve ductility of dissipation of DSC shear
of double skin
composite shear high rise buildings walls
walls with • Overlapped headed studs • Increasing ht (50-90 mm) of
overlapped headed used to achieve composite overlapped headed studs in
studs action b/w steel face plate DSC SWs improves seismic
Construction and & concrete core behaviour of DSC SWs
Building Materials • Introducing steel tubes in
boundary col.
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Xilin Lu • Effect of steel fiber • Adding steel fibers ---
2018 volume fraction on preventing crack extension,
Experimental study on non-linear behavior of & postponing crushing of
6 seismic performance steel fibre reinforced concrete in comp. zone
of steel fiber high strength concrete • Damage degree reduced
reinforced high CSW with increasing steel fibre
strength concrete • Impact of steel fiber on volume fraction
composite shear walls • Energy dissipation ability
seismic performance of
with different steel comp. elements with improved --- Fibre volume
fiber volume fractions fraction 2 % was employed
fiber volume fraction :
Engineering 0 %, 1 %, 1.5 % & 2.0 %
Structures
evaluated
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Behnoosh • Behaviour of concrete • Light wt concrete panel was
Rassouli stiffened steel plate shear 36 % lighter than normal wt
2016 wall (CSPSW) using panel
7 Experimental and precast light wt concrete • Light wt concrete panels
panels
numerical study on used as stiffener instead of
steel-concrete • Normal wt concrete panel normal wt concrete panel
composite shear on 1 side of infill steel
plate, light wt concrete • Infill steel plate can
wall using light- dissipate considerable
weight concrete panel, 2 light wt concrete
panels on both sides of seismic energy in steel
Journal of infill steel plate structures
Constructional
Steel Research
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Natalja Petkune • 1st phase : Pristine specimens Steel • After retrofitting,
2016 SW (SSW), hybrid steel /CFRP increase of load
Performance of SW (HSCSW) & hybrid values are up to 16 %
8 pristine and steel/GFRP SW (HSGSW) were higher for HSCSW &
retrofitted hybrid tested 20 % higher for
steel/fibre • 2nd phase : Specimens tested in HSGSW
reinforced phase 1 were retrofitted & retested • Corresponding
polymer • Removal of damaged infill plates, increases of ultimate
composite shear strengthening of frame with CFRP load are 11 % for
walls laminates, replacement of infill HSCSW & 14 % for
Construction and plate with a new one HSGSW
Building Materials
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Yongfeng Luo • Hysteretic curve, stiffness, • Stiffness increases with the
2015 shear bearing capacity & decrease of depth-width
Experimental ductility ratio & increase in axial
9 research on • Influences of height-width compression ratio
seismic behaviour ratio, concrete strength & • Decrease in nos of
of the concrete- axial compression ratio stiffeners & shear studs
filled double-steel- weakens ductility of SW
plate composite • Energy dissipation of SW
wall with lower height-width ratio
Advances in is better than SW with
Structural higher height-width ratio
Engineering
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No Author / Name Contents Research Findings
Amir Ayazi • Numerical investigation --- • Increasing distance ---
2012 Effects of distance (500 mm in four-bolt & 1250
between bolts
The effects of bolt mm in nine-bolt arrangement)
10 spacing on • Composite behavior is b/w bolts improve seismic
composite shear ensured by utilizing high- behavior
wall behavior strength bolts (24 mm dia ) •
Large distances will cause
International • 2 different arrangements of widespread buckling of the
Scholarly and bolts --- four-bolt & nine- steel plate
Scientific bolt arrangements
Research & • Effect of distance b/w bolts
Innovation
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE
• Ductility of CSW increased --- increase in nos of stiffeners & decrease in spacing
of shear studs
• Increasing thickness of steel plates --- better shear bearing capacity of CSW
• Steel fibers effectively enhanced the deformation capacity
• Damage degree reduced with increasing steel fibre volume fraction
• Energy dissipation of SW with lower height-width ratio is better than SW with
higher height-width ratio
• Large distances of connector --- cause widespread buckling of steel plate
• Cracks reduces --- ductility, energy absorption & ultimate strength of system
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
VALIDATION DETAILS
Li, J., F. Li, C. Liu and J. Miao (2020) Numerical and theoretical analysis of
seismic behaviour of CFDSP composite shear walls, Journal of Building
Engineering, 31, 1-13.
Table 1 : Details of specimen
Name of specimen CFDSP (Concrete-filled double-steel-plate)
Wall height, H/mm 2160
Wall thickness, T/mm 120
Wall width, B/mm 1200
Steel plate thickness, t/mm 8
Number of stiffeners, n 3
Spacing of shear studs, s 8 mm dia @ 160 mm c/c
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 2 : Steel plate, inner concrete, stiffeners and shear studs (Li et al., 2020)
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Material properties :
• Grade of concrete = C 30
• Tensile strength of concrete = 2.01 MPa
• Yield strength of steel = 280 MPa
• Ultimate tensile strength of steel = 470 MPa
Fig 3 : Cross-section of the CFDSP composite shear wall specimens (Li et al., 2020)
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 4 : 2 steel plates inserted with stiffeners
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Fig 5 : Composite shear wall with stiffeners
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 6 : 2 steel plates inserted with stiffeners and shear stud connectors
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 7 : Composite shear wall with stiffeners and shear stud connectors
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Fig 8 : Meshing diagram
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 9 : Load and support diagram
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 10 : Total deformation
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Fig 11 : Von-mises stress in steel plate
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Fig 12 : Von-mises stress in stiffener plates
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Fig 13 : Hysteresis curve
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
PROPOSED SCHEDULE
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
REFERENCES
1. Arabzadeh, A., M. Soltani and A. Ayazi (2011) Experimental investigation of
composite shear walls under shear loadings, Thin Walled Structures, 49, 842-
854.
2. Boita, I., D. Dan and V. Stoian (2017) Seismic behaviour of composite steel
fibre reinforced concrete shear walls , Materials Science and Engineering,
245,1-10.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
3. Broujerdian, V., A. Ghamari and A. Ghadami (2016) An investigation into
crack and its growth on the seismic behavior of steel shear walls, Thin Walled
Structures, 101, 205-212.
4. Chidambaram, R. and P. Agarwal (2015) Seismic behavior of hybrid fiber
reinforced cementitious composite beam–column joints, Materials and Design,
86, 771-781.
5. Fadeel, A., N. F. Shafey and H. M. Issa (2019) Monitoring crack propagation in
RC Coupled shear walls supported on two columns, International Conference
on Advances in Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, 19, 1-16.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
6. Haghi, N., S. Epackachi and M. T. Kazemi (2020) Cyclic performance of
composite shear walls with boundary elements, Structures, 27, 102-117.
7. Jiang, D., C. Xiao, T. Chen and Y. Zhang (2019) Experimental study of high-
strength concrete-steel plate composite shear walls, Applied Science, 9, 1-34.
8. Li, J., F. Li, C. Liu and J. Miao (2020) Numerical and theoretical analysis of
seismic behaviour of CFDSP composite shear walls, Journal of Building
Engineering, 31, 1-13.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
9. Lu, X., Y. Zhang, H. Zhang and R. Xiao (2018) Experimental study on seismic
performance of steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete composite shear
walls with different steel fiber volume fractions, Engineering Structures,171,
247-259.
10. Luo, Y., X. Guo, J. Li, Z. Xiong, L. Meng, N. Dong and J. Zhang (2015)
Experimental research on seismic behaviour of the concrete-filled double-
steel plate composite wall, Advances in Structural Engineering, 18, 1845-1858.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
11. Petkune, N., T. Donchev, H. Hadavinia, M. Limbachiya and D. Wertheim
(2016) Performance of pristine and retrofitted hybrid steel/fibre reinforced
polymer composite shear walls, Construction and Building Materials, 117,
198-208.
12. Rafiei, S., K. M. A. Hossain, M. Lachemi, K. Behdinan and M. S. Anwar
(2013) Finite element modeling of double skin profiled composite shear wall
system under in-plane loadings, Engineering Structures, 56, 46-57.
13. Rahnavard, R., A. Hassanipour and A. Mounesi (2016) Numerical study on
important parameters of composite steel-concrete shear walls, Journal of
Constructional Steel Research, 121, 441-456.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
14. Rassouli, B., S. Shafaei, A. Ayazi and F. Farahbod (2016) Experimental and
numerical study on steel-concrete composite shear wall using light-weight
concrete, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 126, 117-128.
15. Reslan, N., A. Masri and M. Machaka (2018) Composite shear walls an
efficient seismic resistant system for multistory buildings, Journal of Steel
Structures and Construction, 4, 3-7.
16. Shayanfar, M., V. Broujerdian and A. Ghamari (2019) Numerically and
parametrically investigating the cracked steel plate shear walls, Iranian
Journal of Science and Technology, 14, 1-25.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
17. Yan, J., Z. Li and T. Wang (2018) Seismic behaviour of double skin
composite shear walls with overlapped headed studs, Construction and
Building Materials, 191, 590-607.
18. Zhang, J., X. Li , W. Cao and C. Yu (2020) Seismic behavior of composite
shear walls incorporating high-strength materials and CFST boundary
elements, Engineering Structures, 220, 1-15.
19. Zhang, W., K. Wang, Y. Chen and Y. Ding (2019) Experimental study on the
seismic behaviour of composite shear walls with stiffened steel plates and
infilled concrete, Thin Walled Structures, 144, 1-17.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON CYCLIC PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
20. Zhou, Y., X. Lu and Y. Dong (2010) Seismic behaviour of composite shear
walls with multi-embedded steel sections, The structural design of tall and
special buildings, 19, 618-636.
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
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NUMERICAL STUDY ON SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS
Fig 14 : J-hook connector (Liew et al., 2017)
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