GPRS, also known as 2.5G, provided the first evolution of GSM networks to support data services. It introduced packet switching capabilities, allowing for more efficient use of network resources and higher potential data rates compared to traditional circuit-switched GSM. GPRS networks utilized coding schemes and the ability to aggregate multiple time slots to achieve peak user data rates of up to 171.2 kbps in theory. In practice, rates varied based on network conditions and usage. New network nodes like SGSN and GGSN were also introduced to support these packet-switched capabilities and interface with external data networks.
GPRS, also known as 2.5G, provided the first evolution of GSM networks to support data services. It introduced packet switching capabilities, allowing for more efficient use of network resources and higher potential data rates compared to traditional circuit-switched GSM. GPRS networks utilized coding schemes and the ability to aggregate multiple time slots to achieve peak user data rates of up to 171.2 kbps in theory. In practice, rates varied based on network conditions and usage. New network nodes like SGSN and GGSN were also introduced to support these packet-switched capabilities and interface with external data networks.
GPRS, also known as 2.5G, provided the first evolution of GSM networks to support data services. It introduced packet switching capabilities, allowing for more efficient use of network resources and higher potential data rates compared to traditional circuit-switched GSM. GPRS networks utilized coding schemes and the ability to aggregate multiple time slots to achieve peak user data rates of up to 171.2 kbps in theory. In practice, rates varied based on network conditions and usage. New network nodes like SGSN and GGSN were also introduced to support these packet-switched capabilities and interface with external data networks.
GPRS, also known as 2.5G, provided the first evolution of GSM networks to support data services. It introduced packet switching capabilities, allowing for more efficient use of network resources and higher potential data rates compared to traditional circuit-switched GSM. GPRS networks utilized coding schemes and the ability to aggregate multiple time slots to achieve peak user data rates of up to 171.2 kbps in theory. In practice, rates varied based on network conditions and usage. New network nodes like SGSN and GGSN were also introduced to support these packet-switched capabilities and interface with external data networks.
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Evolution of Mobile and Wireless
Communication Evolution of Mobile and Wireless Communication
Salahadin Seid salubinseid@gmail.com 2.5G General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) GPRS is also known as 2.5G Purpose is to provide increased data rates on existing 2G GSM network First use of packet switching on GSM which was exclusively circuit switching network Uses coding schemes CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4 to improve data rates. The data speed of GPRS is more than four times greater speed than conventional GSM systems. Using a packet data service, subscribers are always connected and always on line so services will be easy and quick to access. In GPRS, the GSM time slots are dynamically allocated to various users according to their instantaneous demand. Users can alternately transmit data in the same slot. All data is packetized and send instantaneously through available resources. This gives the user the experience of being permanently linked to the network. key parameters
GPRS provided the first real evolution of GSM and the
first in this series to provide a real data capability. It enabled emails and some simple web browsing to be undertaken, although speeds were still very slow by comparison with what is standard today. Data rates In GSM the maximum data rate is 9.6 kbps per time slot. In GPRS the data is packetized which gives in principle an even lower data rate of 9.05 kbps of which 8 kbps is available for the user. However, in GPRS there are two technologies introduced to increase this data rate. Firstly, the error correction that is used can be adapted to the quality of the radio channel. Secondly, it is possible to use more than one time slot. In theory all 8 time slots can be used.
200 kHz channel uplink and 200KHz downlink
In GPRS there are 4 different channel codes introduced. These are given in the table below. How??
Channel divided into 8 time slots
Effective data rate = User data + error correction bits = 22.8 kbps Uplink = 22.8 kbps Downlink = 22.8 kbps Coding Scheme
CS 4 – when the user is near to the BTS
We can use 21.4 kbps for user data and small portion used for error correction Coding Scheme
CS 3 Coding Scheme
CS2 Coding Scheme
CS1 Theoretical vs actual data rates Maximum data rate for CS4: 21.4 kbps For 8 time slots assigned to a user 8 x 21.4 = 171.2 kbps (Theoretical ) Actual data rate depends upon Number of data users in cell Propagation condition in cells Distance from BTS Architecture Architecture … New network elements Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) The SGSN handles all packet switched data within the network and is responsible for the authentication and tracking of the users. The SGSN performs the same functions as the MSC for voice traffic. The SGSN and the MSC are often co-located. Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN). The GGSN is the interface from the GSM/GPRS network to external networks. The GGSN is also responsible for the allocation of IP-addresses.
