Differential Global Positioning System: Marri Laxman Reddy Institute of Technology and Management

DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
MARRI LAXMAN REDDY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

AND MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY : Dr.N.UDAYA KUMAR
1
Agenda
 Abstract
 Introduction
 History of DGPS
 How DGPS system works
 Error Possibilities in GPS
 Advantages
 Limitations
 Applications
 References
2
Abstract
 Normal GPS (Global Positioning System) is not
accurate enough for the applications.
 For greater accuracy, a Differential GPS system will be
implemented. To do this, two GPS units are required.A
base station with a known position sends error correction
data to a mobile unit.
 The error correction data is sent wirelessly through a
radio link.
 The data can be viewed on a laptop,computer for
statistical analysis.
3
Introduction
What is DGPS
DGPS is a satellite-based for Navigation.
DGPS improves the GPS position and speed
measurements.
DGPS provides perfect location within 10 cm.
4
 T h e military requires very precise measurements across
their Battle scene.
5
History of
GPS
 Global positioning system is developed and funded by US
Government and managed by department of defense.
 1973 - Decision to develop a satellite navigation system for
military.
 1974 -1979 Conducted system tests by US air force and
navy.
 2000 – Final deactivation of SA to give positional accuracy of
20M from 100M.
 2005 –Launching of the IIRM GPS satellite that supports the
new military M signal and the second civil signal L2C.
6
History of
DGPS
 This technique was developed in the early 1980s, and it is widely
used in various forms.
7
DGPS in
Detail
 DGPS is a method of improving the accuracy of your receiver
by adding a local reference station to augment the
information available from the satellites. It also improves the
integrity of the whole GPS system by identifying certain
errors.
 Differential GPS uses one unit at a known location and a
rover.
 The stationary unit compares its calculated GPS location with
the actual location and computes the error.
 The rover data is adjusted for the error.
8
Types of DGPS System
1) Real-Time DGPS
2) Satellite Differential Services
9
Real time
DGPS
10
Satellite Differential
Services
11
Error Possibilities in
GPS
 The receiver is not synchronized with the atomic clock in the
satellite.
 The estimate of the position of the satellite.
 Multi path errors : Ghost signals from Multi path errors:
Ghost signals from reflected radio waves.
 Not free sight to many enough satellites.
 Noise in the receiver.
12
Source Of Errors in GPS
Error Value
Ionosphere 4.0 meters
Clock 2.1 meters
Ephemeris 2.1 meters

Troposphere
0.7 meters
Receiver
0.5 meters
Multipath
1.0 meter
Total
10.4 meters
13
14
15
GPS
Errors
Noise Error
Baises Error
Blunder Error
Clock Error
16
Equipment
Used
Two Novatel® RT-20 Receivers
Operate at 1575.42 MHz
1 2 Channel Receivers
Two Free Wave® Radios
Operate at 928 MHz
2 0 mile line of sight range
Laptop, Computer
17
Components of
DGPS
 Master receiver and rovers
 Master receiver is kept at known point.
 Relative position of rovers are fixed with respect to
the master receiver.
18
How DGPS System
Works
19
20
Errors Removed by
DGPS
GPS DGPS
21
Errors Removed by
DGPS
Signal Noise 0-30 meters All Removed
Clock Drift 0-1.5 meters All Removed
Multipath 0-1 meters All Removed
Ephemeris Data 1-5 meters All Removed
Troposphere 0-30 meters All Removed
Ionosphere 0-30 meters Mostly Removed
22
Advantages
 DGPS helps to know perfect location on the earth.
 Provide accurate data within a minute.
 GPS is quite accurate however using DGPS pushes its
accuracy even further.
 GPS/DGPS makes A/L guidance every precise as oppose to
ILS (Instrument Landing System)and MLS(Microwave
Landing System).
23
Limitations
 The coverage area to take advantage of DGPS is limited.
 To ensure greater coverage area more DGPS stations need to
be added.
 The position accuracy degrades as the separation between
DGPS and aircraft GPS-Rx increases.
24
Applications
 Air Navigation
 B y using it a pilot can receive constant information
about where the plane is in 3 dimensions.
 Weather forecasting
 Where atmospheric information can be gained from its effects on
the satellite signals.
 Train Control
 For such things as avoiding collisions and routing.
 Marine, Ship Navigation
 By using it a ship can receive constant information about current
location and parking location on port.
25
References
Website :
 www.en.wikipedia.org
 www.dgll.nic.in
Location :
 Hazira DGPS Station
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DIFFERENTIAL GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

MARRI LAXMAN REDDY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PRESENTED BY : Dr.N.UDAYA KUMAR

Ionosphere 4.0 meters

Clock 2.1 meters

Ephemeris 2.1 meters

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