Code EN11/12RWS-IIIa-1
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
1. Define text;
2. Describe a written text as a connected discourse;
3. Use transitional words to show connectedness.
4. Value the importance of organized written text.
Pre-Assessment
Motivation
Let’s Warm Up.
SING-ALONG
1. Inform the class that they will all together sing the song
‘The Man who can’t be Moved’
2. Let them sing it as you flash the lyrics of the song.
3. Inform the class that you are going to know later on why
you picked that song.
THE MAN WHO CAN’T BE MOVED.
Let them answer the following questions after
1. Where and when did the action happen? (setiing)
2. Who is the persona?(character)
3. What are the actions done by the persona? How did he do it?
4. What is the reason behind the action?(actions)
Activity
PICTURE IT OUT!
Divide the class into three groups and instruct each group to
write an essay that has two paragraphs.
-a ride at the theme park
-your dream house
-your comfort food
Instruct them to write it on a piece of paper and advise them
that a representative from each group will read the essay in front
of the class.
Analysis (Interactive Questioning)
Ask the following questions for processing:
1. What are the things you considered in writing the essay?
2. What kind of words did you use in conveying the message you
wanted to express?
•
• Inform the class that written text or spoken words both carry
messages and its own meaning.
Abstraction (Computer-Aided Instruction)
Power point Discussion/Video Presentation
The teacher will ask the students on how they understand the
written text and how it relates to discourse. Then, with the use of
power point presentation, the teacher will discuss further about the
written text as connected discourse.
Discourse is classified under any of the four forms
– exposition, description, narration and
argumentation based no the purpose of the
language producer (speaker or writer). He has
one intent or purpose.
He succeeding slides shows the distinction as
regards the forms of discourse.
Types of Discourse
1. Narration – is the act or process of narrating or
telling a story. It involves action, characters, and a
theme. Narration can be incident , anecdote,
historical account , autobiography, biography or a
novel.
Example:
A narrative account of a student’s near death
experience; a fictive story about an encounter with
supernatural being.
2. Description – uses sensory writing with rich and
vivid details that appeal to man’s five senses – sight,
hearing, taste, touch and smell. Figures of Speech are
often used to enhance the sensory experience of the
readers. It involves careful selection and arrangement
of details and accurate word usage.
Example:
A student’s description of his ideal teacher; a writer’s
description of a locale he has recently visited; a
descriptive article on a festive celebration of a town’s
patron saint.
3. Exposition or expository writing – provides
information about one or more topics. It informs,
explains, expounds and interprets. Expository
writing includes exemplification or classification,
comparison and contrast, cause and effect and
problem-solution.
Example:
A research paper on the causes and effects of
global warming, an article on child labor and child
abuse.
4. Persuasive discourse or argumentation –
persuades readers through proofs of the writer’s
views.
Example:
An essay expounding on the retention or
cancellation /cessation of the Visiting Forces
Agreement; a commercial and advertisement (print
ad) endorsing a student’s “manufactured” product.
A conversation involves a number of participants, at least two,
who express their individual thoughts and emotions through
spoken words.
For them to understand, one another and to ensure a smooth
flow of conversation, the spoken words must have
connectedness.
The change in topic is simply marked by transitional words. In
the same manner, transitional devices are used to show the
relationship or connection between ideas in sentences and
paragraphs
Transitional words
1. Additive Words – and, also, besides , moreover, furthermore , in
addition, too
2. Equivalent words – as well as, at the same time, equally,
important, likewise, similarly
3. Amplifying words – as, for example, for instance, in fact, like,
specifically, particularly, such as, that is, to illustrate
4. Alternative words – either/or, neither nor, other than, otherwise
5. Repetitive words – again, to repeat, to reiterate, in other words,
that is
6. Contrastive and Change words – but, conversely, however, despite, ,
in spite of, even though, on the contrary, on the other hand ,
nevertheless, regardless, notwithstanding, rather than, still, though,
whereas, while, yet
7. Conditional words – if, provided that, unless, in the event, that
8. Concession words – although, even though, though, granted that
9. Emphasizing words – above all, indeed , more important, of course
10. Sequential words – finally, first, second, secondly
11. Temporal word – afterwards, meanwhile, at the meantime, before,
after, formerly, previously, later, next , finally, ultimately, subsequently,
until
12. summative, summarizing words – briefly, in brief,, for these
reasons, in conclusion, to concluded, to end,, to sum up, to summarize,
as a summary, in short
13 . Causative words – because, , because of, due to, owing to, out of,
inasmuch as, for this reason.
14. Consequential words – therefore,, hence, thus, as a result, as a
consequence, then, so, consequently, accordingly
Example of Additive Words
1. He is lazy, and furthermore, he has no sense of responsibility.
2. Furthermore, bats go to great lengths to avoid confrontations with
people.
3. Furthermore, they had not consulted with her.
4. Smoking gives you bad breath. Moreover it is good for your health.
5. Besides the rain, we experienced heavy winds.
6. Besides fruit, we're going to have ice cream.
Application
Students are divided into four groups. Each group will write a
three-paragraph speech related to the reading selection
provided, specifically on how you value education. Then,
choose somebody in a group to deliver the speech you
prepared for the writing activity.
Evaluation
• Directions: Complete the following summary by filling in the blanks with the missing
connectives.
• The Notebook is a contemporary story of a love triangle set in the pre-and post-war era.
Noah and allie spent a summer together ___________ their happy moments
transformed their friendship into love. __________, they belonged to different socio-
economic classes; Noah belonged to a family of modest means, ____________ Allie to a
filthy rich family. _____________ she knew Noah, Allie never broke a family rule and was
always protected by her parents. _______________summer was over, (___________her
mother’s scheme for the lovers to separate) Allie had to leave her town to pursue college
in another state, _______ Noah had to stay. The only means of communicating was
through mail. Noah could not forget Allie ____________ he wrote a letter for her every
day for one year, _______ he did not receive any reply in return. Allie met Lon Hammond
in her school __________ the two fell for each other. Loth was both good-looking and
rich that ____________ he proposed to Allie, she readily accepted his marriage proposal.
_________, when they were about to wed, Allie saw a picture of Noah in the newspaper
________ she ask Lon permission to visit Seabrook. _____________, she met Noah; the
two kissed and made up, and then made love. It was then ________ she learned about
the letters Noah sent her. The sad fact that she had to return to her fiance’ and keep her
promise to Lon. She confessed her true feelings for Noah __________ Lon, who realizing
that she loved Noah more than she loved him, let go of her and their planned marriage.
____________ , Noah and Allie clung to each other until their old and dying days
B. Observing text as connected discourse, write a description of Seven
Falls in Lake Sebu, Mt. matutum or another tourist spot in the
Philippines.
Assignment
Research about the techniques in Organizing Information. Be prepare
for the recitation next meeting.
