PARTS OF

SPEECH
 NOUNS

PREPOSITIONS
PRONOUNS

CONJUNCTIONS ARTICLES

ADVERBS
DETERMINERS

ADJECTIVES
VERBS
 VERBS

A verb is a word which says what a

noun or pronoun does (run, write,
fall, study, etc)
 Characteristics of Verbs

Action : walk, talk, sleep

Non-action : is, seem, was, were
Singular : walks, talks, carries
Plural : walk, talk, carry

Indicates time (Tense):

-walks - everyday
-walked - yesterday
-is walking - now
-will work - tomorrow
 Regular VS Irregular Verbs

Regular : walk, walked, walked

carry, carried, carried
Irregular : eat, ate, eaten
swim, swam, swum
put, put, put
Positive : walk, talk, carry
Negative : do not walk
do not talk
does not carry
 Subject – Verbs Agreement

 A verb must agree with the noun or pronoun

 E.g: The boy walks.

The boys walk.
She sneezes.
They sneeze.
• Positive : I ate meat
She ate meat.
They ate meat.

• Negative : I did not eat meat.

They did not eat meat.

• Question : Did I eat meat?

Did she eat meat?
Did they eat meat?
 Transitive VS Intransitive Verbs

transitive verb: has an object in the sentence

intransitive verb: has no object.

 A transitive verb is an action verb and it requires a

direct object to ensure the sentence makes more
sense.
Eg: The boy kicks the ball (kicks – transitive verb)

 An intransitive verb is an action verb and it doesn’t

require any object to complete the sentence.
Eg: Aminah is sleeping (sleeping – intransitive verb)
 Positive, Negative & Interrogative
Forms
• Positive : I eat meat
She eats meat.
They eat meat.

• Negative : I do not eat meat.

They do not eat meat.

• Question : Do I eat meat?

Does she eat meat?
Do they eat meat?
• Positive : I will eat the cake.
She will eat the cake.
They will eat the cake.

• Negative : I will not eat the cake.

They will not eat the cake.

• Question : Will I eat the cake?

Will she eat the cake?
Will they eat the cake?
• Positive : I am sleeping.
She is sleeping.
They are sleeping.

• Negative : I am not sleeping.

She is not sleeping.
They are not sleeping.

• Question : Am I sleeping?
Is she sleeping?
Are they sleeping?
• Positive : I was eating the cake.
She was eating the cake.
They were eating the cake.

• Negative : I was not eating the cake.

She was not eating it.
They were not eating it.

• Question : Was I eating it?

Was she eating it?
Were they eating it?
• Positive : I am going to eat it.
She is going to eat it.
They are going to eat it.

• Negative : I am not going to eat it.

She is not going to eat it.
They are not going to eat it.

• Question : Am I going to eat it?

Is she going to eat it?
Are they going to eat it?
 Verbs “To Be”
(is, am, are, was, were)

• Positive : I am late.
She is late.
They are late.

• Negative : I am not late.

She is not late.
They are not late.

• Question : Am I late?
Is she late?
Are they late?
• Positive : I was happy.
She was happy.
They were happy.

• Negative : I was not happy.

She was not happy.
They were not happy.

• Question : Was I happy?

Was she happy?
Were they happy?
 Verbs “To Have”
(has, have, had)
• Positive : I have a car.
She has a car.
They have a car.

• Negative : I do not have a car.

She does not have a car.
They do not have a car.

• Question : Do I have a car?

Does she have a car?
Do they have a car?
• Positive : I had a car.
She had a car.
They had a car.

• Negative : I did not have a car.

She did not have a car.
They did not have a car.

• Question : Did I have a car?

Did she have a car?
Did they have a car?
 Verbs “To Do”
(do, does, did)

• Positive : I do have the key.

She does not know how to make cake.
They do not know the airplane system

• Question : Do I have a book?

Does she have car?
Do they have a house?
 Gerund & Infinitive

 A gerund is the –ing form of a verb used as a noun. Examples :

talking, playing, swimming. A gerund is used in the same ways
as a noun.
 A infinitive consists of to + the simple form of a verb.
Examples : to talk, to play, to swim.

 The –ing form of a verb is also used as a present participle.

Compare the following:
1. Playing tennis is fun (playing = a gerund, used as the subject
of a sentences. )
2. Bob and Ann are playing tennis. (playing = a present
participle, used in the present continuous tense)
 Exercise 1
Fill in each blank with the correct verb from the box. You must get the form of the verb correct. You do not
need to use every one of the verbs and may use a verb more than once.

eat stop help grow

am/is/are keep become control
multiply take divide go

Every time you _____1_______, the food that goes is in broken down and sent to the cells of your body.
These cells _____2______ in the food and grow bigger. Then each cell divides and ________3____ two cells
which are exactly alike. Each cell then ____4_____ again, making four cells, and so on. This cell division
_______5_______ on day and night. As the number of cells in your body ______6_______, you grow taller.

When you ______7______ about 20 years old, a change _____8______ place. Nature’s plan for you to grow
ends. From then on, your body _____9______ growing taller. The food that you eat _____10_____ your
body in good running order, and ______11____ to repair any worn-out parts. Once you have reached your
full height, you way get fatter or thinner, but you are not going to grow any taller.
 Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct Past Tense form of the verbs in the box. You may use a verb more
than once.

Present do is appear prove

suffer cover repeat want jump
save break ride seize list

On 30 May 1967, at the Ascot Speedway in Gardena, California, Evel Knievel, a daredevil stuntman
_______1________ himself for a great stunt. He ______2_______ his motorcycle at a speed of about
130 kilometers an hour and _______3______ off a ramp. He cleared sixteen cars lined up side by side
in a row.

He _______4_______ to prove that stunt was not just good luck so he ______5_____ the same stunt
for four more times. His stunts ______6_______ just how dangerous it _______7______ for a
motorcyclist to do what Knievel did. Once he _______8_______ his lower spine, another time he
______9_______ a brain concussion. Even Knievel never _____10______ frightened of what his stunts
_______11_______ to him.
 Exercise 3
Fill in each blank with the going to form of the correct verb from the box. The short forms of am, is and are are used in this
conversation.

go get list discuss

let leave write

[Ashraf and his friends are _______1________ camping. They are discussing their plans.]

Ashraf: I’m _____2_______ down the list of things we have to prepare for our trip. Let me
get a piece of paper.
Yew Jin: Can you hold on? I’m _____3______ Vijay in. He is at the door. I won’t be long.
Ashraf: That’s ok. I’m _____4________ us all a drink.
Yew Jin: Hi Vijay! Come in. Ashraf is already here.
Vijay: Hi. So we’re ______5_______ on Monday, is that right?
Yew Jin: Yes. Ashraf is ______6______ all the things we need to bring and do. Come on, he is waiting for us.
Ashraf: Hi Vijay. How was the computer lesson?
Vijay: Good. Yew Jin says we’re ______7_______ the camping trip.
Ashraf: That’s right. But first, have a drink, both of you. Then we can talk.