Group members
Atizaz Hassan
Syed Kumail Haider
Qamar Abbas
Umer Khaliq
Solar water heating
Contents
Introduction
Working Principles
Components Used
Types
Benefits
Applications
Solar power
Solar is one of the renewable
energy which is in trend of
today. The energy obtained
from the sun is utilized and
converted into electrical energy.
The awareness among the folks
had catalyzed them to use
renewable energy for various
need and it was implemented
too.
Solar water heating
Introduction:
Solar water heating is a well establish,
highly effective, pollution free technology
for domestic water that can be used
through the country for various
applications. The solar water heater
capture the sun’s heat in the form of
discrete packets of photons, that sun heat
is utilized in the system for heating the
water, the system recieves sun’s heat by
the solar flat-plate collector and transfers
that heat to the water.
Components used
Solar panels
Collectors
controllers
Pumps
Tank as heat transfers and
heat exchangers
Working principle
Thesolar panel is kept facing the sunlight.
Thus the sun light falls in the panel as heat
energy.
The cold water from the tank is made to flow
via the collectors. The heat energy in the
collectors exchanges the heat with the water.
Thusthe water heats and get pumped by the
metal pumps and let in for residential
purpose.
Types of collectors used
Flat plate collectors
In the flat plate collectors, the solar panel is covered
with the glass in order to increase the heat
observation
Working
The solar radiation is absorbed by the observers.
There is built in channels to carry the water from
cold watered tank to residential pipes.
The observer transfers the heat to the flowing water
and converts the cold water into hot water.
It is sub divided into two types- glazed and un glazed.
Evacuated tube collectors
This type has the evacuated double layer
borosilicate glass tube. The inner tube is coated with
the absorbing materials to efficiently absorb the
sunlight. In this type the heat is lost to the
atmosphere
Working:
The water from the cold tank flows into number of
pipes with the absorber of heat which is separated by
the vacuum.
Thus exchanges the heat to the cold water in this
manner.
This is suitable to generate hot water even in slightly
cloud condition
Types of solar water
heating
Active and passive are the two types of solar
water heating system. They are then subdivided
into further types which are listed below
Active system
In active system, there is the presence
of circulating system
Direct circulation system: this is used in
areas which are less prone to freezing
point where the household water is
passed through the collectors
Indirect circulation system: this is used
where the freezing climate is severe
and here the water is heated and
entered then let into the house.
Passive system
This system does not have the collectors
Integral collector-storage: they have
batch collectors and are used in areas
below the freezing climatic condition
Thermosyphon systems: they are
expensive than other passive type and
contain heavy tank for circulation of
warm air.
Passive: ICS and
Thermosyphon
Solar water heating in
Pakistan
Solar water heating technology is quite
mature but its use in Pakistan has been
quite limited so far mainly because of
inability of market development and
absence of governmental support and
subsidized gas price.
A number of public sector organizations
are actively working on the
development of solar water heaters that
have now started gaining popularity
particularly in the northern
mountainous regions due to cold
weather and limited and difficult supply
of natural gas in these areas.
Benefits of solar water
heating system
We can save over 50% on our energy
bill for domestic hot water.
The fuel we use to heat our water (the
sun) is free.
We are protected from future fuel
shortages and price increases.
Solar water heaters do not pollute the
environment
Virtually no maintenance, repair w.ork
or cleaning is required
We avoid carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides,
sulphur dioxide and other air pollutants created
when electricity or solid fuel is used to heat
water
We avoid storing tanks of highly flammable
material in our house.
Applications
Domestic applications
Commercial applications
Industrial applications
Thank You
