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56 Mediastinum

The mediastinum is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It is subdivided into the superior, middle, and posterior mediastinum. The superior mediastinum contains structures like the esophagus, trachea, aortic arch, brachiocephalic veins, and vagus nerves. The middle mediastinum contains the heart, pulmonary trunk, ascending aorta, superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava. The posterior mediastinum contains the esophagus, descending aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins, and vagus nerves.

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Rahmi Dwi Azkiah
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356 views6 pages

56 Mediastinum

The mediastinum is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It is subdivided into the superior, middle, and posterior mediastinum. The superior mediastinum contains structures like the esophagus, trachea, aortic arch, brachiocephalic veins, and vagus nerves. The middle mediastinum contains the heart, pulmonary trunk, ascending aorta, superior vena cava, and inferior vena cava. The posterior mediastinum contains the esophagus, descending aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins, and vagus nerves.

Uploaded by

Rahmi Dwi Azkiah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mediastinum:

It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior

Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta Sternal angle
Big branches of Aortic arch angle
Brachiocephalic ( innominate) veins Lower border
Upper half os superior vena cava of T4
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves

Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea

Posterior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi
Esophagus:
-Length
-begins Esophagus
-Ends
-Site and relations
Trachea
- Blood supply
Lt Vagus
Rt Vagus

Trachea:
-Length
-begins
-Ends
-Site of trachea and bifurcation)
-Relation
-Main bronchi
. length
. width
. orientation
. divisions
Lt common carotid artery
Brachicephalic artery
Aorta:
1- Ascending Aorta: Lt subclavian artery
Origin, end, branches
2- Arch of aorta:
Origin, end, branches
3- descending thoracic Aorta:
Origin, end, branches

Paired Single
Post intercostals pericardial
Subcostal mediastinal
Phrenic esophageal
Broncheal
Brachiocephalic veins: Azygos and hemiazygos veins:
Comparison between right and left veins: -Begin at the abdomen.
-Begin by union of.. -end at
-length -Tributaries:
-end at . by forming.. 1- Posterior intercostal
-Tributaries: one of them is internal thoracic vein 2- Bronchial
3- Pericardial
Superior vena cava : 4- Esophageal
-Begin by union of.. At level of.right 1st costal cartilage 5- Mediastinal
-length Lt Internal jugular Lt Internal jugular
-end at right 3rd costal cartilage by joining the heart
-Tributaries: vena azygos at right 2nd costal cartilage Lt
Lt subclavian
subclavian
Lt subclavian

Rt Brachiocephalic. Lt Brachiocephalic
Phrenic nerve

SVC

Vena azygos
Inferior vena cava:
-Origin
- End

Pulmonary Trunk:
-Origin
-Divisions
-Relations
Mediastinum:
It is the partition between the two pleural cavities and lungs. It includes a large number of structures
It is subdivided into:
-Superior mediastinum
-Inferior mediustinum : anterior, middle and posterior

Superior mediastinum:
Esophagus
Trachea
Arch of Aorta
Big branches of Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic veins
Upper half of superior vena cava
Phrenic nerves
Vagi nerves
Lower border
Sternal angle
of T4
Middle mediastinum:
Pericardium
Heart
Pulmonary trunk
Ascending Aorta Esophagus
Lower half of SVC
Upper part of IVC
Bifurcation of trachea
Descending
Posterior mediastinum: Thoracic
Esophagus Aorta
Descending thoracic Aorta
Azygos and hemiazygos veins
vagi

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