PAPER AND PAPERBOARD
BASED PACKAGING
World Paper and Board Production in
miilions of tonnes
Paper and Paperboard Packaging
Exists at all level of packaging:
Sales or primary packaging
Grouped or secondary packaging
Transport or tertiary packaging
Wood Fiber Based Packaging
+ Wood
Packaging
Forms of Wood Packaging
Generally as transport or distribution packaging
Peti Reuseable
Peti (battened, dicat)
Crate
Skid
PAPER
Definition
matted or felted sheet usually composed
of plant fibres
paper has been commercially made from
such fibre sources as :
Rags (linen)
Baggase (sugar cane)
Cotton
Straw
modern paper is almost exclusively made
from cellulose fibres derived from wood
TERMINOLOGY
Paperboard = boxboard = cardboard =
carton board describes a heavier paper stock
Paper and paperboard are non-specific terms
that can be related to either material caliper
(thickness) or grammage (basis weight)
ISO (International Standards Organisation)
Paperboard = paper with a basis weight >
250 g/m2
General U.S. practice
Paperboard = paper with thickness > 300
m
Variability of Paper
Paper is not a homogeneous material
Varies in the machine direction (MD), cross
direction (CD), Z-direction, and over time
It is also reactive to changes in its
environment. Shrinks and expands usually
not uniformly
Its structure depends on the process that
produces it and even the location across
the width of the paper machine
Components of Wood
Cellulose (C6H10O6)n
Fibre Structure
Sources of Cellulose
Fibre
Source
Hardwoods
Softwoods
Straw,
bagasse
Recycled
paper
Fibrelength
2 mm
4 mm
< 2 mm
wide range, depending on
source
Physical properties of paper or
paperboard such as tear strength,
burst strength, fold ability and
stiffness increase as fibrelength
Fiber Structure
Long fibres produces paper
with
proportionately higher
tensile strength
tear strength
fold strength
puncture strength
a rougher surface texture
variation in density due to poor formation
that can lead to
Uneven ink adsorption during printing
Erratic adhesive bonding
Short fibres produces paper
with
a smoother surface, and
significantly reduced physical
properties compared to long fibres
Recycled fibres will have
properties
inherited from the original fibres source, but
with the provision that every re-pulping
process degrades and reduces fibre length,
thus
significantly reduced physical properties
compared to long fibres, and
affected by extraneous contaminants such as
water insoluble ahdesives
plastic debris
non-removable printing inks
Chipping Process
Pulping Methods
Mechanical Ground
Pulping
Thermo Mechanical Pulping
(TMP)
Chemo Thermo Mechanical Pulping (CTMP)
Batch
System
Chemo Thermo Mechanical
Pulping (CTMP)
Continues
System
Chemical Pulping:
Alkaline Process
Soda (NaOH)
Sulfat/kraft (NaOH, Na2SO4)
Sulfit Process
Sulfit Acid (Ca-bisulfit, SO2)
Bisulfit (MgSO4 or amonium
bisulfit)
Mechanical Pulp
Characteristics
High yield from the timber
The presence of lignin
makes the fibres hard and
rigid
Limited degree of
consolidation
Paper with high bulk (low
density), bending stiffness
and dimensional stability
A sheet made solely of
mechanical pulp is
relatively weak but
relatively stiff
Chemical Pulp
Characteristics
Preserves fibre length
Develops a high degree of
consolidation
High density
Flexible and soft fibres
Good creasing, embossing
and cutting properties
High whiteness,
brightness and light
stability properties
High purity yields, good
odour and taint protection
Final paper properties
affected by
Beating of the pulp
Forming of the fibre network
Wet-pressing
Drying and drying constrains
Post-drying operations such as
Size pressing (starch solution)
Surface coating
Calendering
Representative paper machines
Representative paper
machines
Fourdrinier Machines
Fourdrinier Machines
presentative
paper
machines
Representative paper machines
Twin wire - machines
n-wire Machines
Material Direction
Sisi
Felt
Sisi Roll
The paperboard process
The paperboard process
How
to
choose
paperboard
How to choose paperboard
Promotion
of
products
Promotion of products
Paperboard
Constructions
Corrugated Board Box
for Bottled Water
Corrugated board
with re-applied
offset-printed
paper liner, for 24
PET water bottles.
Print carries
brand name,
barcode and
implies tropicalsourced pure
water
Folding carton for Tea, Tanzania
Standard-tuck
folding carton
with foil liner
for export tea
bags.
Offset print
carries product
data, barcode,
use-by date and
Standards
Bureau (TBS)
Paperboard basket for fresh
produce
Flexographic
printed, lined
Ventilated
corrugated board
box with clip-on
plastic handle, for
fresh peaches
Set-up box with tray for tea,
China
Rigid set-up box
with separate lid
and divided tray, for
ginseng tea bags
Liquid holding cartons
Paper/plastic film/foil
cartons, for
processed soup and
fruit juice, with
security seal and
pour feature
Cross-section of a Packaging Laminate
Materials in the Layers of a Packaging
Laminate
Wound paperboard drum for
salt, France
Spiral-wound board
drum with plastic or
cork lids and
security seal
Spiralwound
Convolutewound
Lam-seam
Card blisterpack for saffron, Spain
Paperboard
hanging card
with PET blister
containing high
value saffron.
Theft and tamper
resistant
Terima
Kasih
