[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
1K views7 pages

Sample Problem #10: Kremser Equation

A plate tower with 6 equilibrium stages is used to strip ammonia from wastewater using countercurrent air. The inlet water has 0.1% ammonia and inlet air is ammonia-free. 30 scf of air is fed per pound of water. The Kremser equation is used to calculate the exit water ammonia concentration since concentrations are low. The equation inputs are: inlet water concentration of 0.001, equilibrium ratio of 1.414, air/water molar ratio of 1.43, and 6 stages. Solving the Kremser equation gives an exit water ammonia concentration of 7.45x10-6 mole fraction. Most of the ammonia is stripped out by

Uploaded by

Dozdi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views7 pages

Sample Problem #10: Kremser Equation

A plate tower with 6 equilibrium stages is used to strip ammonia from wastewater using countercurrent air. The inlet water has 0.1% ammonia and inlet air is ammonia-free. 30 scf of air is fed per pound of water. The Kremser equation is used to calculate the exit water ammonia concentration since concentrations are low. The equation inputs are: inlet water concentration of 0.001, equilibrium ratio of 1.414, air/water molar ratio of 1.43, and 6 stages. Solving the Kremser equation gives an exit water ammonia concentration of 7.45x10-6 mole fraction. Most of the ammonia is stripped out by

Uploaded by

Dozdi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Sample Problem #10: Kremser equation

 A plate tower providing six equilibrium


stages is employed for stripping ammonia
from a waste water stream by means of
countercurrent air at atmospheric pressure
and 80F.
 Calculate the concentration of ammonia in
the exit water if the inlet liquid
concentration is 0.1 mole % ammonia in
water, the inlet air is free of ammonia, and
30 standard cubic feet (scf) of air are fed to
the tower per pound of waste water.
 SOLUTION:
A.The column is sketched in the figure.
x0 = 0.001
y1

p = 1 atm
80F

x6 y7 = 0.30 ft3
(std.) air/lb
water
 We wish to find the exit water concentration, x6.

 B. Since the concentrations are quite low we can use the Kremser equation. Equilibrium data
are available in several sources: we find at 80F.
 C. We have to convert flow to molar units. Since we want a concentration of liquid, we will use

xN  x 1   mV L 
*
 N

1   mV L 
N 1
x0  x *
N
 D. We can calculate ratio V/L,

 Note that the individual flow rates are not needed.

V 30 scf air 1 lb mole air 18 lb water


  
L 1 lb water 379 scf air 1 lb mole water

= 1.43 moles air/mole water


The Kremser equation is

mV
xN  x * 1
N
 L
N 1
x0  x *
N  mV 
1  
 L 

where xN = x6 is unknown, x0 = 0.001, m = 1.414,


b = 0,
x *N = y7/m = 0, V/L = 1.43, N
=6
Rearranging,

1  mV L
xN  x
1   mV L 
N 1 0

1  1.4141.43
xN   0.001
1   1.4141.43 
7

xN = 7.45  10-6 mole fraction


Most of the ammonia is stripped out by the air.
E. We can check with a different form of the
Kremser equation or by solving the results
graphically; both give the same result. We should
also check that the major assumptions of the
Kremser equation (constant flow rates, linear
equilibrium, and isothermal) are satisfied. In this
dilute system they are.

F. This problem is trial-and-error when it is


solved graphically. Also, the Kremser equation is
very easy to set up on a computer or calculator.
Thus, when it is applicable, the Kremser equation is
very convenient.

You might also like