1) Bamboo has potential as reinforcement in concrete due to its high tensile strength from cellulose fibers and lignin.
2) Bamboo has mechanical properties comparable to steel, including high tensile and compressive strength, though it is more prone to cracking than steel.
3) For use as reinforcement, bamboo must be properly selected, prepared by seasoning, and coated to prevent swelling when in contact with concrete. Placement and tying is also important to ensure good bonding with concrete.
1) Bamboo has potential as reinforcement in concrete due to its high tensile strength from cellulose fibers and lignin.
2) Bamboo has mechanical properties comparable to steel, including high tensile and compressive strength, though it is more prone to cracking than steel.
3) For use as reinforcement, bamboo must be properly selected, prepared by seasoning, and coated to prevent swelling when in contact with concrete. Placement and tying is also important to ensure good bonding with concrete.
1) Bamboo has potential as reinforcement in concrete due to its high tensile strength from cellulose fibers and lignin.
2) Bamboo has mechanical properties comparable to steel, including high tensile and compressive strength, though it is more prone to cracking than steel.
3) For use as reinforcement, bamboo must be properly selected, prepared by seasoning, and coated to prevent swelling when in contact with concrete. Placement and tying is also important to ensure good bonding with concrete.
1) Bamboo has potential as reinforcement in concrete due to its high tensile strength from cellulose fibers and lignin.
2) Bamboo has mechanical properties comparable to steel, including high tensile and compressive strength, though it is more prone to cracking than steel.
3) For use as reinforcement, bamboo must be properly selected, prepared by seasoning, and coated to prevent swelling when in contact with concrete. Placement and tying is also important to ensure good bonding with concrete.
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BAMBOO AS REINFORCEMENT
Presented to: Ar. Tauhid mehtab Ar. Kashif rafi
Presented by: • Adnan irshad • Kirti pandey • Md. Nasir Iftekhar BAMBOO AS A • Nikhat Mustafa REINFORCEMEN T INTRODUCTION Bamboo has been used as a construction material in certain area for centuries. A study of bamboo is used as a reinforcement in precast concrete elements was carried out in U.S Army Engineer Waterway experiment station in 1964. Bamboo was given recent consideration for use as reinforcement in soil cement pavement slabs in which the slabs behave in elastically even under light loads.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T 2 WHY BAMBOO AS REINFORCEMENT •Cellulose fibers which run the length of the culms carrying nutrients between the leaves and roots. •What gives bamboo its super- strength? •lighter-colored lignin.
•Bamboo has been compared to
reinforced concrete:
• Cellulose fibers Steel bars Lignin
Concrete Combined strength of fiber & lignin is greater than sum of the parts. BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T BAMBOO CHARACTERISTICS • Bamboo is giant grass not a tree.
• The density of fibers in cross-section of a bamboo shell varies with
thickness as well as height.
• The strength of bamboo is greater than most of the timber
products.
• Bamboo is more prone to insect attack than other trees and grasses.
• Bamboo can prevent pollution.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T 4 PROPERTIES Properties differ with species, age, climatic factors, moisture content, and different heights of the Culm.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T COMPARISON OF BAMBOO AND STEEL • The strength of bamboo is greater than steel. • Bamboo is easily accessible.
• Bamboo lowers the cost of construction.
• Increases the strength of the buildings .
• Bamboo can crack and deflect more than steel reinforcement.
• Elasticity of bamboo is better than wood for seismic resistant
housing.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T 6 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO REINFORCEMENTS MECHANICAL PROPERTY SYMBOL VALUE (PSI)
Ultimate compressive strength 8,000
Allowable compressive stress s 4,000 U. S. NAVAL Ultimate tensile strength 18,000 CIVIL ENGINEERING Allowable tensile stress s 4,000 LABAORATORY Allowable bond stress u 50 Port Hueneme, Modulus of elasticity E 0.3x106 California By Francis E. Brink and Paul J. Rush
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T FEATURES OF BAMBOO •Bamboo as a raw material is non-forest product available in plenty. It is fast growing renewable resource .
•Bamboo has good physical and mechanical
properties.
•Bamboo is unique in that it is strong in both
tension and compression.
•Tensile strength, compressive strength, modules of elasticity is far
more greater than in any wood.
•It is durable (for 30 years) and weather resistant.
•Light weight, modular and interchangeable.
BAMBOO •Good thermal and acoustical properties. AS A REINFORCEMEN T SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF BAMBOO The following factors should be considered in the selection of bamboo culms (whole plants) for use as reinforcement in concrete structures: • Use only bamboo showing a pronounced brown color. This will insure that the plant is at least three years old. • Select the longest large diameter culms available. • Do not use whole culms of green, unseasoned bamboo. • Avoid bamboo cut in spring or early summer. These culms are generally weaker due to increased fiber moisture content.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T BENDING Bamboo can be permanently bent if heat is applied while applying pressure. This procedure can be used for forming splints into C-shaped stirrups and for putting hooks on reinforcement for additional anchorage.
WATERPROOF COATINGS When seasoned bamboo, either split or whole, is used as reinforcement, it should receive a waterproof coating to reduce swelling when in contact with concrete. Without some type of coating, bamboo will swell before the concrete has developed sufficient strength to prevent cracking and the member may be BAMBOO damaged, AS A REINFORCEMEN T SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF BAMBOO SELECTION
• Use only bamboo showing a pronounced brown color. This will
insure that the plant is at least three years old.
• Select the longest large diameter culms available.
• Do not use whole culms of green, unseasoned bamboo.
• Avoid bamboo cut in spring or early summer. These culms are
generally weaker due to increased fiber moisture content.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES In general, techniques used in conventional reinforced concrete construction need not be changed when bamboo is to be used for reinforcement.
Concrete Mix Proportions
The same mix designs can be used as would normally be used with steel reinforced concrete. Concrete slump should be as low as workability will allow. Excess water causes swelling of the bamboo. High early-strength cement is BAMBOO preferred to minimize cracks caused by swelling of bamboo when seasoned bamboo cannot be waterproofed. AS A REINFORCEMEN T PLACEMENT OF BAMBOO Bamboo reinforcement should not be placed less than 1-1/2 inches from the face of the concrete surface. When using whole culms, the top and bottom of the stems should be alternated in every row and the nodes or collars, should be staggered. This will insure a fairly uniform cross section of the bamboo throughout the length of the member, and the wedging effect obtained at the nodes will materially increase the bond between concrete and bamboo.
Bamboo must be securely tied down
before placing the concrete. It should be fixed at regular intervals of 3 to 4 feet to prevent it from floating up in the concrete during placement and BAMBOO vibration. AS A REINFORCEMEN T ANCHORAGE AND SPLICING OF REINFORCEMENTS
U. S. NAVAL Dowels in the footings for column and CIVIL wall reinforcement should be imbedded ENGINEERING in the concrete to such a depth that the LABAORATORY bond between bamboo and concrete will Port Hueneme, resist the allowable tensile force in the California dowel. This imbedded depth is By approximately 10 times the diameter of Francis E. Brink whole culms or 25 times the thickness and Paul J. Rush of 3/4 inch wide splints.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T BAMBOO COLUMNS Bamboo reinforcement in columns serves to resist a compression load equal to that taken by the concrete it displaces; it also will resist shear and tensile stresses. Of the full cross section of concrete, only 80 percent is considered effective in rectangular tied, columns. Allowable U. S. NAVAL concrete stress should not exceed 0.225 f'c where f'c is the ultimate CIVIL compressive strength of concrete. ENGINEERING LABAORATORY Port Hueneme, California By Francis E. Brink and Paul J. Rush
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT Vertical reinforcement should be approximately 4 percent of the column cross section for rectangular columns. When bamboo is used as lateral tie reinforcement, the ties should be spaced not over 16 times the least dimension of the vertical reinforcement nor farther apart than the least dimension of the column. Enough ties should be provided so that every vertical bar is held firmly in its designed position and has lateral support equivalent to that provided by a 90- degree corner of a tie.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T A common rule for determining the size of a tie is that its cross-sectional area is 2 percent of the area of all the vertical reinforcement confined by it.
The concrete cross-sectional area of bamboo reinforced
rectangular columns conservatively should be 2.25 times the concrete area of steel reinforced rectangular columns, indicating a 50-percent increase in face dimensions. BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T WALLS Bamboo columns are spaced at 1.2 M interval. Split bamboo grids are assembled with wire. Chicken wire mesh is fixed to the bamboo splits. Cement mortar plaster is applied to provide stability. The finished wall thickness is about 50mm thick.
BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T WHY BAMBOO 1. Affordability 2. Employment generation 3. Availability of raw materials 4. Adaptability 5. Flexibility 6. Technology 7. Quick to construct 8. Durability 9. Safety 10. Comfort 11. Environmental benefits 12. Control of deforestation BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T EXAMPLE
Bridge for the "Bob Marley Factory hall in
Museum" in Jamaica Pennsylvania, Colombia [1993]
BAMBOO AS A Michael McDonough’s chair Rocco Yim REINFORCEMEN T CONCLUSION Due to the low modulus of elasticity of bamboo, flexural members will nearly always develop some cracking under normal service loads. If cracking cannot be tolerated, steel reinforced designs or designs based on unreinforced sections are required.
Bamboo may never replace
concrete or wood entirely, but chances are that it will become a standard part of housing in the future.
It identifies the potential for an alternative light construction method
at low cost for areas where steel reinforcement might be prohibitive. In this case, bamboo might replace steel in light construction as the tensile element in concrete design. BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T CONCLUSION It is a fact that the construction industry is the main consumer of energy and materials in most countries.
The pursuit of sustainable
development, that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
Some recommendations for future studies are proposed
with the hope that the newly developed material could contribute, on a large scale, to sustainable development without harming our globe. BAMBOO AS A REINFORCEMEN T THANK YOU
