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Really Brief .. 1500 Years in Under An Hour

Muhammad was born in 570 CE in Mecca and was orphaned as a child. He worked for and later married a wealthy widow named Khadija. In 610 CE, Muhammad received his first revelation from God through the angel Gabriel and began receiving messages that became the Quran. He gained followers in Mecca but also faced persecution. In 622 CE, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina, an event known as the Hijra. After Muhammad's death, a dispute arose over political leadership within the Muslim community that led to division between the Sunni and Shia sects of Islam.

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82 views11 pages

Really Brief .. 1500 Years in Under An Hour

Muhammad was born in 570 CE in Mecca and was orphaned as a child. He worked for and later married a wealthy widow named Khadija. In 610 CE, Muhammad received his first revelation from God through the angel Gabriel and began receiving messages that became the Quran. He gained followers in Mecca but also faced persecution. In 622 CE, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina, an event known as the Hijra. After Muhammad's death, a dispute arose over political leadership within the Muslim community that led to division between the Sunni and Shia sects of Islam.

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api-16575955
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Really brief…..

1500 years in under an hour…


Born around 570 CE
Father died when he was six(ish)
Raised in his uncle’s clan (Keep in mind that
clan/tribe alliance was crucial in the Arabian
Peninsula at this time – literally a matter of life and
death)
We do not know much about Muhammad’s youth
Muhammad’s first marriage was to Khadija, a
wealthy widow he went to work for at about the
age of 20
Khadija was probably 15-20 years older than
Muhammad
Several children came from this marriage, including
daughter Fatima, who would later marry Ali, both
of whom are revered in Islamic history and culture
Muhammad often went to a cave on Mt. Hira, near
Mecca, for private meditation
In the year 610 CE, during one of these trips, a
voice told Muhammad he was the messenger of
God, and gave him the command “Recite!” This
became the beginning of the Quran.
Muhammad then believed he saw a figure on the
horizon, the angel Gabriel
Over the next few years, the message Muhammad
received gained followers in Mecca, beginning with
Khadija
The focus of the message was to submit one’s self
to the will of God
An important part of the message was to care for
the poor and disadvantaged, a rather radical
message in this tribal society
This new religious group began to suffer
persecution in Mecca, mainly due to the fact that
they wished to reclaim the Kaba, a stone structure,
for Allah.
The Kaba had been used as a place of worship for
360 gods, which the Muslims considered to be false
worship
In 622, Muhammad led his followers to Medina.
This is known as the Hijra, or “Emigration”, an
important date in Muslim history.
These two groups have no major doctrinal
differences. They share major religious practices
and beliefs.
What was the problem? Who was going to lead the
Muslims after the death of the Prophet Muhammed?
There weren’t going to be any more prophets;
Muhammad is the “seal of the prophets”. This
leadership would be political/military.
Abu Bakr – seemed to have the approval of
Muhammad as his successor
Umar – the feared and respected military leader
who greatly increased Muslim territory
Uthman – pious and morally good man, but seen by
many as a weak leader. He did standardize the
text of the Quran
Ali – son-in-law of Muhammad (married to Fatima)
Ali became the leader of a Muslim faction called
“Shi’a” (literally “party”) and claimed that
Muhammad had appointed him, prior to death, to
be his successor
The majority of Muslims (those who became known
as Sunni Muslims) rejected this claim and backed
Mu’awiya as a leader
Uthman was murdered, and while Ali didn’t seem to
be responsible, he didn’t punish those who were
Ali, his family and companions were assassinated in
661, and are considered martyrs by the Shi’ites.
This corresponds with the European Medieval
Period.
The capitol of the Muslim world was Baghdad, and
was an intellectual center for scholars. It was a
time of terrific growth in many academic, scientific
and artistic endeavors.
Islam’s control and influence in Africa and the
Middle East is undeniable.
Radical forms of Islam – often referred to as
“fundamentalist Islam” – is responsible for
totalitarian regimes and terrorist activity
throughout the world. Many would argue that this
form of Islam is not Islam at all, but a political
agenda using the structure of religion for
militaristic purposes

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