SOCIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY PLANNING

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS

KOYA HOUSES

outline
ORIGIN KUTTICHIRA SOCIO - CULTURE ARCHITECTURE CONSTRUCTION FUTURE
INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

FOUNDATION OF THE SETTLEMENT

Earliest record of port town Tyndis, in north malabar region dates back to the 2nd century AD.

Zamorin invasion, established the city.conquest of coastal regions enabled Zamorins engage successfully in maritime trade.
Developed to one of the best sea port cities in medieval world. Arab merchants and traders brought with them, Islam Mapillas first muslim community in malabar, basically hindu converts Koyas : ZamorinS guardians of the coast, settled along Thekkepuram.

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

KUTTICHIRA SETTLEMENT
Part of Thekkepuram, located south west to Calicut. The place is known for the tank here the kuttichira. Chira a large bathing tank There are many famous mosques alongside the Kuttichira pond Misquel mosque

kuttichira is culturally rich, trade based muslim settlement

The streets follow grid iron pattern, with huge residences abutting the streets

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

SOCIO CULTURAL ASPECTS

Number of families lives in a single dwelling in harmony the tharavadu Each family had separate quarter for themselves with bedrooms for the members, dining and kitchens The daily lives are quite separate, but in case of marriages, celebrations etc all of them come together

Marriage ( NIKAH )
Henna ceremony Big reception

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

Matriarchy system
Marumakkathayam After marriage the bride continues to live in her ancestral home She is visited by her husband (puthiyapla) in the evening. He is treated with greatest respect and as a visiting guest.

Family hierarchy
The head of the family is the eldest living son of family, the karanavar. He has the right to take any final decision about the family issues has influence on everyone in family. The eldest woman in family is called karanavathi who takes care of the welfare of the family. The entire house doesnt belong to any particular member of the family

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

Gender roles
Females did household chores while the males went for work Women dwell within the house mostly, not allowed to come to the front area of house The male members right to the tharawad ceases after his death

Laws of Shariah and Islamic veiws specified certain gender positions, which restricts the muslim women even today
The males would go to the mosque for all the prayers, while the females prayed in the house

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

economy
Main income for most Koya families is from their family businesses, it may be small scale or very high scale business and its look after by sons of family.

The males usually worked in the same shop or had their shops in the same region
Some old koya houses along the beach road has their business warehouses along the beach road, and a small entrance to the house through the backyard. Development of kochin as a port city and shifting of economic capital of calicut to SM street declined the family business of many koya houses

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

Architecture
Influenced by nair style as well as arbic style

INFLUENCE OF ARABIC STYLE : The wooden screens used to provide privacy and shade in the verandahs is one of the few features superposed on the traditional construction.

Upper floor is usually characterized by living rooms with view windows to the street. These features would have been modeled in the pattern of the houses in Arab countries having contact with this region. Tiles were used in more well-of houses replicating Islamic art in the Middle East.

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

INFLUENCE OF NAIR STYLE : Influence of nair style can be seen in its Architecture and belief to some extent. Like nalukkai is made from influence of nalukettu in nair houses, open verandhas and front entries are type of sloped roofing, these all has influence from nair houses.

But we cant find any implementation of vastu-shastra in koya houses as in nair houses. The koyas did not hold any importance to the hindu values although the houses were influenced by local houses. The residences are comparatively very large in size with one or more courtyards(nalakkai).

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

GENERAL LAYOUT
The houses usually are in the east-west axis when possible so as to utilise the sea breeze properly. The entry is through a wooden padipura

Each family had separate quarter for themselves, with bedrooms,dining, kitchens
rooms of the house is arranged basically with the age and importance of members. elder and more respected members used the two bedrooms near the verandah on the ground floor. The upper floors are taken by the relatively younger couples. The newlyweds are respected and a new room with suitable facilities are given. The newly added room is called Maniyara (wedlock room). Women provided separate entrance to the residence from the abutting street.

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

PLAN OF TYPICAL KOYA HOUSE

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

Architectural elements
NALAKKAI courtyard or nalakkai similar to that of nalukettu in nair houses KOTTIL Flanking windows along the verandah FRONT VERANDAH Long veranda and sit out mostly span the entire width of the house

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

PADIPURA
Gabled gateway, timber door shutters Provided at various entrances to the house Front padipura is provided with toilet for pedastrians PATHWAYS The socio cultural and religious aspects contributed to various pathways within the residence complex, separate entrance for ladies, from abutting street pathway leading to the mosque lane connecting the house to the shops and warehouse

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
Artisan who were constructing temples Availibility of plenty of wood The sloping roof is the effective solution towards the kerala climate

MATERIALS
wood, thatch, clay, and wattle. Cement, stone tiles were added at maintenance

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

FUTURE
Decline of trade and Patriarchal systems advent The development of kochin as a rebel port city declined the trade along calicut. The koya families with such high population depending primarily on the family bussiness for living suffered badly. Another great religious trade settlement in great need of conservation The ownership of property according to matriarchal system today ended up in people living in the same house who never knew each other. Issues on ownership of property delays maintenance

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES

 LABEEBA K Lakshmi j nair LUBNA m MATHEW WILSON NEENU THOMAS

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES ASPECTS ON BUILT FORMS - KOYA HOUSES