Overview of SAP

Dinesh Kumar K. Navneet Kaur

Enterprise Integration (Contd.)

Benefits of Enterprise Integration:
Eliminates the duplication, discontinuity and redundancy of data Boosts the return on the investments made on the IT implementations Conveys quality information that is designed for the Enterprise as a whole Cheaper & faster. Conveys quality information to produce a quality enterprise

ERP

Evolution of ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning has evolved through these stages
Enterprise Resource Planning Inter-Enterprise Co-operation Collaborative Business

Total Company Value Automation

Efficiency and Control

Create Strategic Value

80s R/2

90s R/3

Today mySAP ERP

Evolution of ERP
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History of SAP
Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing. Founded in the year 1972 in Mannheim, Germany. Founders: Dietmar Hopp, Hasso Plattner, Hans Werner Hector, Klaus Tschira, Claus Wellenreuther
German : Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung Renamed in the year 1977. Before 1977 - Systems Analysis and Program Development (German Systemanalyse und Programmentwicklung)

SAP is the Company name and also their ERP Product SAP system comprises of many fully-integrated modules, covering almost all aspects of business. In 1970s

R/1: first financial accounting software was complete, paving way for continuous development of other software components. This was called the R/1 system. Letter - R signifies for real-time data processing.

In 1980s

R/2 system designed by SAP to handle different languages and currencies.

In 1990s
In 2000s :

R/3: client-server concept, uniform appearance of graphical interfaces, constant use of relational databases, and an ability to work on computers from different vendors.
With the advent of Internet, a user becomes the focal point of software applications. With enterprise services-oriented architecture & underlying integration & application platform -SAP NetWeaver, SAP provides its customers with solutions for end-to-end business processes . 3

Market Share 2006

Market Share

37%

31%

SAP Oracle Ufida Infor Microsoft dynamics

4% 5%

8%

15%

Others

SAP Modules
SD Sales and Distribution MM Materials Management PP Production Planning Financial management FI of organisation FI Financial Accounting CO Controlling

SD
MM

Inward and outward logistics of material and PP services

CO
AM

AM Asset Management

Logistics support Central peripheral HR QM functions Functionalities for all others QM Quality Management PM Plant Maintenance WM Warehouse Management

SAP R/3

PM WM PS

WF

HR Human Resources WF Workflow

PS Project System

Industry Specific Solutions (ISS)

Industry specific R/3 Package. For example, IS-Pharma. System modifier In all, 25 IS solutions are available Aerospace & Defence, Automotive, Banking, Chemicals, Consumer Products Industry, Engineering and Construction, High-Tech & Electronics, Healthcare, Insurance, Oil & Gas Industry, Pharmaceuticals, Public Sector, Retail, Telecommunications, Utilities

Because every business has unique business logics and processes

* SAP also comes up with country specific solutions. There are about 40 countries specific solutions available; India being one of them.

SAP Product suite

mySAP Business Suite

mySAP PLM

Maintenance & Quality

mySAP SRM

mySAP ERP
Financials Human Resources Corporate Services Operations
Inventory & Production

Sales Order & Delivery Management

Purchase Order Management

mySAP CRM

mySAP SCM SAP NETWEAVER

SAP NetWeaver Technology Map

Platforms and Databases supported by R/3

Operating Systems Supported Hardware Supported Front ends Supported Databases

AIX SINIX
SOLARIS HP-UX Digital Unix

IBM SNI SUN

Digital HP Bull

Win 3.1/ 95 / NT
OSF / Motif OS/2 Macintosh Win 3.1 / 95 / NT OSF / Motif OS/2 Macintosh

DB2 for AIX

Informix Online Oracle 7.1 ADABAS D Oracle 7.1 SQL Server 6.0 ADABAS D

Windows NT

AT&T Compaq Bull / Zenith HP (Intel) SNI IBM (Intel) Digital (Intel) Data-General AS/400

OS/400

Win 95 OS/2

DB2/400

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SAP R/3 System Architecture

3-Tier Architecture of SAP

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Presentation Server
The Presentation Server GUI only The presentation server is actually a program named sapgui.exe

It is usually installed on a user's workstation

Sends requests to application server Obtains screens from application server and displays

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Application Server
Application Servers - A set of executables that collectively manage the input and the

output for ABAP/4 Programs.

- If ABAP/4 program requests information from the database, the application server will format the request and send it to the database server. An application sever profile specifies: - Number of processes and their types - Amount of memory each process may use

- Length of time a user is inactive before being automatically

logged off

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Database Server
The Database Server Interface between application server and RDBMS The database server is a set of executables that accept database requests from the application server Also holds the vendor specific DB driver

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R/3 Architecture Work Processes.

Dialog Work process The Dialog work process fulfill all requests for the execution of dialog steps triggered by an active user. They are not used for a request which take long time and which use more cpu. Every dispatcher requires at least two dialog work processes If the dialog work process does not respond in this time, it will be terminated. Also dialog work process are multiplexed to handle large no of user request Background work Process The background work processes execute programs that run without user interaction. At least two background work processes are required per SAP system

Usually the background work process are used for carrying jobs that take long time to finish, like client copy, client transport etc.., There are two types of background work process type A and type B. A type background work process are used for mission critical jobs.

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R/3 landscape
In an SAP R/3 scenario there will be multiple servers present. Typically these will be: Development, Quality and Production. All the development and configuration is first done in Dev. After a round of unit testing the development and configuration is moved to the next system (Quality) A typical R/3 landscape In quality integration/ regression testing is done. DEV Q/A PRD Finally everything is moved to production or the actual system which the client uses i.e Go Live.

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Roles of Functional & Technical Consultants

Functional Consultant Evaluates demands in talking with the customers representatives. Technical Consultant Technical consultants plan the technical requirements for a project with the project manager and the manager of the technical team. Carry out the required technical tasks in the system Depending on the scope and complexity of the implementation, technical consultants may work in several areas, for example, system administration, database administration, development of cross-application components, or ABAP development

Customizing respective business area. Ensure that proper training is given to the users and that the system is usable and assist the technical staff during golive .

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History of ABAP
ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming, is a high level programming language created by the German software company SAP. It is currently positioned, alongside the more recently introduced Java, as the language for programming SAPs Web Application Server, part of its Net Weaver platform for building business applications. Its syntax is somewhat similar to COBOL. ABAP is one of the many application-specific fourth-generation languages (4GLs) first developed in the 1980s. It was originally the report language for SAP R/2, a platform that enabled large corporations to build mainframe business applications for materials management and financial and management accounting ABAP was one of the first languages to include the concept of Logical Databases (LDBs), which provides a high level of abstraction from the basic database level.

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