Solution & Solubility — Practice Worksheet
For: Grade 8 / Lower secondary — Printable Worksheet
Time: 40–60 minutes
Learning objectives
- Define solution, solute, solvent, saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated.
- Read and interpret solubility data and graphs.
- Calculate how much solute is required to make saturated solutions.
- Plan a simple experiment to measure the effect of temperature on solubility.
1 — Quick definitions
1. What is a solution?
2. Define solute and solvent (one sentence each).
3. What does saturated solution mean?
4. What is supersaturated?
2 — True / False
a) A saturated solution cannot dissolve any more solute at that temperature. (T/F)
b) Increasing temperature always decreases solubility of solids in water. (T/F)
c) Solubility is usually measured in grams of solute per 100 g of water. (T/F)
d) Supersaturated solutions are stable and cannot crystallize. (T/F)
3 — Multiple choice
1. Solubility is usually expressed as:
A) g solute / 100 g solvent B) mol / L C) mg / mL D) g / L
2. When a solution is unsaturated:
A) It contains less solute than the maximum at that temperature.
B) It contains more solute than the maximum.
C) It is the same as supersaturated.
D) It always has solid solute visible.
4 — Calculations
Use the rule: solubility = grams of solute per 100 g water.
a) If the solubility of salt A at 20°C is 32 g per 100 g water, how many grams of salt A will dissolve in
250 g of water at 20°C?
b) If the solubility of salt B at 60°C is 80 g per 100 g water, how many grams are needed to make a
saturated solution in 500 g water at 60°C?
c) You dissolve 90 g of salt in 200 g water at 20°C. If solubility at 20°C is 32 g/100 g water, is the
solution saturated, unsaturated or supersaturated? Explain.
5 — Read the solubility table and answer questions
Temperature (°C) 0 20 40 60 80
Solubility (g/100 g water) 15 32 55 80 110
a) Plot these points on graph paper (Temperature on x-axis, Solubility on y-axis).
b) Estimate solubility at 30°C from your graph.
c) At 40°C you have 150 g water. What mass of Salt X will make a saturated solution?
d) If you prepare a saturated solution at 80°C and then cool it to 20°C, what might happen?
6 — Practical design
Design a simple experiment to investigate how temperature affects the solubility of a solid (e.g.,
table salt or KNO■). Include:
- Equipment list
- Step-by-step method
- Data table (temperature, mass water, mass solute, observations)
- Safety note
7 — Thinking question
Why do different solids have different solubility curves? Give two reasons.
Answer Key
1. Solution: homogeneous mixture. Solute: substance dissolved. Solvent: dissolving substance.
2. a) T b) F c) T d) F
3. 1–A, 2–A
4. a) 80 g b) 400 g c) Supersaturated
5. b) ≈44 g c) 82.5 g d) Crystals form
6. Example: Measure solubility of KNO■ at different temperatures using water bath and balance.
7. Due to lattice energy and solute–solvent interactions.
