OBJECTIVES
■ learn about the use of, and stages in, the
program development life cycle
■ use decomposition to split a system into
sub-systems
■ create structure diagrams, flowcharts and
pseudocode algorithms
Program Development Life
Cycle (PDLC)
■ program development life cycle is a
series of activities that are followed to
produce a system.
■ There are several varieties of life cycle,
including cyclic, spiral, waterfall and
rapid development. These all include
the stages analysis, design, coding
and testing.
Stages of PDLC
1. Analysis: This is the first stage of the
program development life cycle that
involves investigating the problem. This
stage also involves decomposition by
taking a system and splitting it into
smaller sub-systems, which can in turn
be split into smaller sub-systems.
Stages of PDLC
2. Design: the second stage of the
program development life cycle, which
involves decomposition of the problem
and algorithms created ready for
implementation.
This can include an overview of the
program using a structure diagram, and
the designing of algorithms using
flowcharts and pseudocode.
Structure diagram
■ Structure diagram this a hierarchical
diagram that shows the decomposition
of a system.
Questions
■ 1 Describe the process of decomposition.
■ 2. A program asks the user to enter two numbers. The
program then adds the numbers together and outputs the total.
Draw a structure diagram for the program.
■ 3. A satellite navigation system needs to ask the user to input
their destination. It then finds the route to the destination and
outputs the instructions to the user. Draw a structure diagram
for the system.
■ 4. A login system asks the user to enter their username and
password. It checks these are valid and either outputs that
they are correct, or incorrect and prompts to re-enter. Draw a
structure diagram for the system.
Use flowchart and pseudocode
to represent the problem below
■Take three numbers as
input, find and output
the largest number.
Use flowchart and pseudocode
to represent the problem below
■ A login system asks the user to enter
their username and password. It
checks these are valid and either
outputs that they are correct, or
incorrect and prompts to re-enter.
■ Satellite Navigation System
■ │
■ ├── Input Module
■ │ └── Enter Destination
■ │
■ ├── Processing Module
■ │ └── Calculate Route
■ │
■ └── Output Module
■ └── Display Instructions
■ Login System
■ │
■ ├── Input Module
■ │ ├── Enter Username
■ │ └── Enter Password
■ │
■ ├── Validation Module
■ │ ├── Check Username
■ │ └── Check Password
■ │
■ ├── Decision Module
■ │ ├── If Valid → Output "Login Successful"
■ │ └── If Invalid → Output "Login Failed"
■ │ └── Prompt Re-entry
3. Coding ( using the right syntax)
