TASK 1 PRACTICES

- Change chart (different years)

Pie chart shows ….. from 2010 to 2022

Table presents ….. between 1990 and 2015

Line graph shows …..in 19995,2005,2010,2015

Bar chart shows ……from 1995 to 2020.

- Compare chart (one year or without any year)

Pie chart shows …….in 1999.
Table gives information ….in 2010
Line graph shows….in single year, 2000.
Bar chart shows ……
 Descriptive charts (map and process)
I. Learn how to describe and compare trends with a wide range of
grammar structures and vocabulary. – MUST FOCUS.
II. Learn how to use a precise language. It must be clear and smooth
to understand.
III. Learn how to describe and compare different trends.
IV. Practice. Practice. Practice.

GRAMMAR STRUCTURES TO DESCRIBE ONE TREND.

 DESCRIBE THE HIGHEST TREND.
Starting at around 70 million tons in 1974, the amount of goods transported by road increased slightly in
1978, followed by a tangible drop after 4 years before constantly rising to reach its high peak of
approximately 100 million tons in the final year.
DESCRIBE THE SMALLEST TREND.
Despite a gradual rise from a mere 5 million tons in 1974 to more than 20 million tons in 2002, pipeline
was the least chosen transportation to deliver goods.
DESCRIBE AND COMPARE SIMILAR TRENDS
Although both water and rail transport had delivered about 40 million tons of goods by 1978, the
disparity in the amount of goods transported from both modes of vehicles expanded, with the figures for
rail fluctuating to recover its initial level in 2002. However, the quantity of goods carried by water grew
considerably to virtually 60 million tons in 1982, followed by a levelling off by 1990, a figure that dropped
by almost 5 million tons in 1998 before seeing noticeable growth to about 65 million tons in 2002.
A band 7.5-8.0+

Starting at (number/percentage) in year, X dropped/increased +

adverb to (number/percentage) in year before dropping/increasing.

sudden increase – dramatically, steeply

big increase – significantly, substantially, markedly, considerably
moderate increase – moderately, noticeably
small increase – insignificantly, tangibly, marginally, slightly
uzluksik increase/decrease – constantly, progressively, continually,
gradually.
Starting with excessive phone users, 53 percent of people aged 16-30 had phones to use in 1998, much
considerably higher than that of those falling in the 31-50 age cohort (41%). However, this disparity in phone
usage among both age categories narrowed down in the next year, with the former age group experiencing a
noticeable drop to 45% and the latter one seeing a negligible fall of just 2%. In 2000, a further drop of 1% and 2%
was observed in both age brackets, respectively.

In contrast, the youngest and the oldest individuals consistently showed small figures in phone ownership over the
period, albeit at a slower pace of gradual increases. Children under 15, who made up a mere 2% in phone usage in
1998, saw a pronounced rise in phone using to 8% in 1999, followed by a further increase of 1 % in 2000.
Meanwhile, only 4% of people aged 50 or more used phones initially, a figure that then doubled in the following
year before finishing the period with a rise of 2%.

Grammar analysis
1. Starting with ….. much considerably higher than 6. Children under 15, who made up a mere 2% in
that of phone usage in 1998, saw a pronounced rise
2. this disparity …..narrowed down…… 7. followed by a further increase of
3. with……the former…. experiencing ….and the 8. a figure that then doubled
latter …..seeing
4. a further drop of 1% and 2% was observed
9. before finishing the period with
5. albeit at a slower pace of gradual increases

Albeit = despite
Difference = 12% in 1998
Difference = 6% in 1999.

45 students attended math class on August 26, much considerably

higher than that of those participating in history class, with 30.
30 students attended history class on August 26.

Age cohorts / age classifications/ age groups/ age categories

Less than 15 < gradual increase (2-8-9)
50 and more < gradual increase (4-8-10)
Logical grouping:
Body 1 – decreasing trends
Body 2 – increasing trends

16-30 years < gradual drop (53-45-44)

31-50 years < gradual drop (41-39-37)
Introduction
- time wasting (spend around 10 minutes)
- no idea how to start the best introduction
- no idea how to impress the examiner with a beautiful language

is this positive or negative development?

introduction:
1. paraphrase the statement
2. give ideas that you are going to discuss in paragraphs
3. present your clear position.

[Topic] + has significantly impacted [subject/area], contributing to

[positive aspects]. However, despite these advantages, the
negative impacts – [negative aspects] – can far outweigh the
positives.
Around the world, rural people are moving to cities and urban areas, so populations in the
countryside are decreasing.
Is this a positive or negative development?
[Topic] + has significantly impacted [subject/area], contributing to [positive aspects].
However, despite these advantages, the negative impacts – [negative aspects] – can
far outweigh the positives.

1) Rural-to-urban migration has significantly impacted urban development, contributing

to economic growth and access to better social privileges. However, despite these
advantages, the negative impacts – problems with rural growth and strain on urban
infrastructure – can far outweigh the positives.

2) A shift from fossil fuel to alternative energy sources has significantly impacted the global energy
landscape, contributing to high costs. However, despite this drawback, the positive impacts –
reduced carbon emissions and saved natural resources – can far outweigh the negative.

- economic growth and access to better social

privileges (healthcare, education, recreation)
- drawbacks: more problems for rural development and
strain on urban infrastructure.

Fossil fuels are the main source of energy around the world today. In some countries, the
use of alternative sources of energy is replacing fossil fuels.
Is this a positive or negative development?

Wind, solar energy

Positives: reduce carbon emissions and saving natural resources
Negatives: high costs
A shift from fossil fuel to alternative energy sources has significantly
impacted the global energy landscape, contributing to high costs.
However, despite this drawback, the positive impacts – reduced
carbon emissions and saved natural resources – can far outweigh the
negative.

Today, many people use the internet and smartphones to transfer money to friends, family, and
businesses.
Is this a positive or negative development?

Topic: the use of the internet and smartphones

Affected area: financial transactions
Positive: convenience and faster processing time
Negative: increased risk of cybercrime
Your position: Positives can outweigh the drawback
The use of the internet and smartphones has significantly impacted
financial transactions, contributing to increased risk of cybercrime.
However, despite this drawback, the positive impacts – convenience
and faster processing time – can far outweigh the negative.
A band 8.0+ introduction
More and more people today are becoming overly dependent on the
internet and phones.
Is this a positive or negative development?

Topic: the addition to the internet and smartphones

Affected area: daily life
Positive: increased online interaction and access to information
Negative: social isolation and physical health issues

READING PASSAGE 3

SPEAKING PART 3