C++ INCREMENT AND DECREMENT OPERATORS
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The increment operator ++ adds 1 to its operand, and the decrement operator -- subtracts 1 from
its operand. Thus:
x = x+1;
is the same as
x++;
And similarly:
x = x-1;
is the same as
x--;
Both the increment and decrement operators can either precede prefix or follow postfix the operand.
For example:
x = x+1;
can be written as
++x; // prefix form
or as:
x++; // postfix form
When an increment or decrement is used as part of an expression, there is an important
difference in prefix and postfix forms. If you are using prefix form then increment or decrement
will be done before rest of the expression, and if you are using postfix form, then increment or
decrement will be done after the complete expression is evaluated.
Example:
Following is the example to understand this difference:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
main()
{
int a = 21;
int c ;
// Value of a will not be increased before assignment.
c = a++;
cout << "Line 1 - Value of a++ is :" << c << endl ;
// After expression value of a is increased
cout << "Line 2 - Value of a is :" << a << endl ;
// Value of a will be increased before assignment.
c = ++a;
cout << "Line 3 - Value of ++a is :" << c << endl ;
return 0;
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result:
Line 1 - Value of a++ is :21
Line 2 - Value of a is :22
Line 3 - Value of ++a is :23
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