Cloud Computing Complete Notes
1. Introduction to Cloud Computing
Definition: Delivery of computing services (servers, storage,
networking, databases, software, analytics, AI) over the internet.
Evolution:
1960s → Utility computing concept
1999 → Salesforce introduced SaaS
2006 → AWS launched EC2, S3
Characteristics (NIST):
1. On-demand self-service
2. Broad network access
3. Resource pooling
4. Rapid elasticity
5. Measured service (pay-as-you-go)
Benefits: Scalability, cost efficiency, high availability, flexibility,
business continuity, global reach.
2. Cloud Service Models
SaaS (Software as a Service) → Software via internet (e.g., Gmail,
Salesforce).
PaaS (Platform as a Service) → Platform for app deployment (e.g.,
Google App Engine, AWS Elastic Beanstalk).
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) → Virtualized resources (e.g.,
AWS EC2, Azure VMs).
DaaS (Desktop as a Service) → Cloud desktops (e.g., Amazon
WorkSpaces).
FaaS (Function as a Service) → Event-driven functions (e.g., AWS
Lambda, Azure Functions).
3. Cloud Deployment Models
Public Cloud – Shared services (AWS, Azure, GCP).
Private Cloud – Exclusive for one organization (VMware,
OpenStack).
Hybrid Cloud – Mix of public & private.
Community Cloud – Shared by organizations with similar needs.
4. Cloud Computing Architecture
Virtualization – Abstracting hardware into virtual resources.
Datacenters – Facilities with servers, networking, storage.
Virtual Machines – Software-based computer emulation.
Components: Front-end, Back-end, Middleware.
5. Virtualization Technology
Type 1 Hypervisor (Bare Metal) – Runs on hardware (VMware ESXi,
Hyper-V).
Type 2 Hypervisor (Hosted) – Runs on OS (VirtualBox, VMware
Workstation).
VMs vs Containers:
VMs → Heavy, OS-level.
Containers → Lightweight, app-level (Docker).
Full Virtualization vs Para Virtualization.
6. Cloud Storage
Types:
Object (Amazon S3)
File (Amazon EFS, Azure Files)
Block (Amazon EBS)
Providers: AWS, Azure, GCP.
Backups: AWS Backup, Azure Backup.
Archives: Amazon Glacier, Coldline.
7. Cloud Security & Privacy
Concerns: Data breaches, unauthorized access, data loss.
Solutions: Encryption, IAM, firewalls, MFA.
Standards: ISO 27001, NIST.
Compliance: GDPR, HIPAA, SOC 2.
8. Cloud Networking
VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) – Isolated private network (AWS VPC).
SDN (Software-Defined Networking) – Centralized network control.
Load Balancing – Distributes traffic (AWS ELB, Nginx).
9. Cloud Application Development
DevOps – Collaboration between Dev & Ops.
CI/CD – Continuous Integration & Deployment.
Containerization – Docker.
Kubernetes – Orchestration of containers.
10. Emerging Trends in Cloud Computing
Serverless Computing
Edge Computing
AI & ML in Cloud
Quantum Computing
Multi-cloud strategies
Green Cloud (sustainable cloud computing)
11. Cloud Platforms & Tools
AWS → EC2, S3, RDS, Lambda
Azure → ARM, VMs, Blob Storage
GCP → Compute Engine, BigQuery, Cloud Functions
Other Tools: Terraform, Ansible, Docker, Kubernetes
