Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Ministry of Popular Power for Interior Relations, Justice and Peace

Ministry of Popular Power for University Education, Science, and Technology
National Experimental University of Security
National Academy of the Body of Scientific, Penal, and Criminal Investigations
UNES Guárico Training Center
PNF: Criminal Investigation Cohort: I-2020 Environment: #02

Guard Duty Headquarters

Teacher: Student:
Moraima Naranjo Gustavo D' Rosa
CI: 28.105.208

June 2020, Zaraza Guárico State

Customer service

The duty officer when attending to the public must address them with courtesy, likewise
pay attention to the person who turns to this organization, either because they present a
problem or requires guidance.

People who come to this institution should never be treated poorly as mostly
they present a problem or require our help.

Key elements for proper customer service.

Pay attention to the person who comes to this organization.

Knowing how to listen to it and give a prompt response.

Public attention language.

The language must be appropriate for a professional, the official who is on duty.
When attending to the public, one must be polite.

Other elements involved in public attention.

The official who provides public service, besides having a good vocabulary, must
having a good presence, and this is fundamental, since the person who comes with a
this organism feels more secure when seeing the good presence from the
employees.

Receipt and delivery of guard.

The receipt and handover of duty must be between the two duty chiefs, the official who
the guard must supervise each of the physical spaces of the delegation
municipal, must supervise through the updates all the guard office, each one of
folders and books that rest there, arms park, the units assigned to the office and the
number of detainees (detainee count).

The outgoing shift supervisor must inform the incoming shift supervisor of any news that
it has arisen and alters the guard delivery.
The shift leader and their group must hand over their shift to the head of investigations with the
news, list of detainees and case control, in addition to the files initiated in the
guard, also carry out supervision of the park with the head of investigations.
weapons.

News.

They reflect each of the objects found in the guard office, the
units assigned to the dispatch and the vehicles that are in the dispatch in quality
of recovered, everything that happens on guard day is also reflected.

Case control.

Each of the cases initiated in the registry is reflected through a brief summary.
guard

List of detainees.

Here, the control of the number of detainees present in the office is managed.

Minutes.

This reflects the information of the initiated cases where arrests are applied,
recoveries or cases of connotation.

Admission of detainees.

Upon applying the detention of a person after reading their rights and signing them, this
It must be evaluated by the forensic medical examiner, remaining under the order of the Public Prosecution.

Management and entry of vehicles.

A technical inspection must be conducted to record the conditions in which it is

recover, as well as to carry out a PVR (Vehicle Inspection Sheet) in order to provide
certificate of its characteristics and each of its components.

Handling of Evidence.

There should be proper handling of evidence, primarily by photographing it.

to later carry out the collection, to subsequently conduct the respective expertise.
The evidence must be collected, packed, and labeled through a chain of custody to the
which is assigned a registration number.

Filing a complaint.

For a good receipt of complaint or interview, attention should be paid to the person.
complainant, in order to clearly reflect what was issued and carry out a good
research.

Upon receiving a complaint or interview, key questions should be asked that help us with
total clarification of the case, likewise, each of the articles must be recorded
stipulated for the complaint and interview.

Types of interview.

The different types of police interview include receiving general complaints, receiving the
report of a victim, obtain the testimony of a witness and conduct interviews of
investigation of witnesses. Different procedures are used if they are being interviewed
children or other vulnerable victims. It is a procedure of the investigator where they are combined
technical elements, cognitive and emotional skills, in addition to skills of
communication, whose goal is to obtain the greatest amount of useful information possible
through the appropriate formulation of questions.

Preliminary interview: The preliminary interview aims to identify areas of

interest to develop later with specific questions. The police use this technique
when a person goes to an officer to report a problem or offer
information, but the official does not yet know the nature or scope of the problem or of
the areas on which information is offered. The police ask questions about
general terms in an attempt to reduce the range of information to be obtained from
individual in question.
Structured interview: A structured interview is one in which the
The interrogator has prepared a list of specific questions in advance. The
police use these interviews to make initial contact and determine what
The official or department can better handle the situation of the subject. The police can also.
you can use structured interviews on routine matters, in which it should
 gather known information, such as in a car accident or
in the report of a missing person. Most interviews begin with
a short structured segment to obtain the basic information of
identification.
Unstructured interview: In unstructured interviews, the police conduct
general questions designed to encourage the individual to tell their own
history. This technique is used in research to obtain more information
about the incident as well as to assess the credibility and character of the
a person who tells the story. Unstructured interviews can lead to
outcomes very different from those anticipated when preparing a structured interview.
Interrogations: Interrogations are a type of interview in which the police
tries to obtain a confession or incriminate evidence from a suspect of a crime.
As crime investigations attempt to reduce the number of suspects, the
the line between an interview and an interrogation can be blurred, as the police try to
correctly distinguish between guilty and innocent people.
Behavioral interview: Behavioral techniques can be
used by the police in interviews and interrogations to determine if the person
questioned is telling the truth. The behavioral interview means
to ask questions designed to provoke responses such as unease, stuttering, or
evasion. The theory behind this type of interview is that if the person is
lying, he will perceive questions as accusatory and will respond defensively, or
She will get nervous about the effort required to come up with an answer.
Interview techniques.

KINESIC TECHNIQUE: The kinesic interview recognizes and interprets a wide range of
physical and verbal behaviors, conscious and unconscious, to determine if a subject is telling the
truth or is lying. No sign by itself is absolute proof, but rather it is the
set of symptoms that may allow the researcher to interpret with some degree of
surely the person is behaving evasively or with falsehood. The elements to the
particular attention is paid to the following:
1. Verbal conduct. Emphasizes the way of speaking: if there is hesitation in the speech,
a sudden silence; if answering a question with another question or repeating the question
upon starting the prayer, or invoking the name of God.

2. Divergent answers. The answers that can be given in an interview traverse through
two paths of behavioral patterns. If one asks, for example, why their footprints
They were on the doorknob of the door that was violated, whoever had nothing to do with the incident will say

that this is not possible; while someone involved will offer some kind of excuse. A
Sometimes the investigator asks false questions to set traps and obtain a confession.
of guilt. This is not illegal. For example, to assert that the person was seen entering
a room, although this data may not be true.

3. Non-verbal behavior. Interviewers always pay close attention to language.

corporal in the face of difficult questions and they compare the reactions regarding how
respond to normal or non-threatening questions to start recording patterns. For example,
if a person has a relaxed position, but crosses their arms in response to a difficult question,
One can expect a deception. Or if he/she rubs his/her nose every time he/she denies his/her participation in the

the deed and said gesture unfolds only in the interview and in key questions, then also
he is probably lying.

REID TECHNIQUE: The technique always begins with a non-accusatory interview and when
it is the appropriate moment, the session is oriented towards an interrogation, a stage that is based on

in the following elements.

1. Positive confrontation. The individual is made aware directly or indirectly that

There is sufficient evidence to incriminate him (whether this is real or not). Interviewer:
As a result of our investigations, we have no doubt that
you ___________" The investigator accuses the questioned of being guilty and waits for the reaction.
of the subject to evaluate it, and continues with other inferences that allow explaining and proving
why and how the crime was committed. It is known as a 'transition statement' to
get the subject to admit guilt.

2. Development of the topic: This step aims to contrast with the first one. The
The interviewer justifies the subject, minimizing their criminal behavior. A technique used in
this point is to blame someone else for the criminal activity. Example: Interviewer in
case of theft: "with this crisis no one has money and yet one has to keep going
"keeping the family" The researcher interprets the type of personality of the interrogated.
and it leads him to elaborate on the thematic aspects that minimize or justify that kind of
of offense. Once the person rationalized what happened and saw possibilities of admitting it
His responsibility, he is more likely to confess. For example, to emphasize that others
people would have done the same in their place.

3. Interruption of denials: Prevent the individual from making excuses for themselves. This is one of
the most important steps, as preventing the person from justifying themselves by saying
what is innocent or what it did not do prevents it from strengthening its mental defense level. Note: The

sincere people generally deny things with more emphasis. Here it is important that
the investigator tries to persuade the interrogated that it is not convenient for him to deny his
implication in the facts. In response to a gesture as if wanting to get attention, seek the
interrogator's gaze or opening the mouth, giving the impression of wanting to speak, the officer
should interrupt the request and express a disapproving comment about the attempt to
denial. Add an expression like: 'Carlos, before you say anything else, let me'
to explain to you how delicate this matter is,
detention and avoiding eye contact.

4. Overcoming objections: At this point, the subject begins to justify themselves, citing the
reasons and explanations for why he did not commit the crime (or what he is accused of). The
"Objections" are reasons that the subject gives with the intention of demonstrating why there wouldn't be
committed the action. Objection in theft "I would never do something like that because I have millions in the

bank." Innocent people generally do not raise objections, but rather denials.

5. Attention. Attention grabbing of the subject: The intention is to create a bond with
the individual showing sincerity and understanding. The purpose of this step is to increase the level
the receptivity of the person and lower their defenses by making them believe that despite the
pressure is understood and supported. The researcher must always maintain the attention of
interrogated. If that person stays still, avoids eye contact, or crosses their legs, they are
signs that the subject is focused on something else. To capture their attention, the interrogator must
to use invasive techniques of physical approach, such as putting a hand on the shoulder,
move the chair closer or move within the line of sight of the person. Also
use verbal techniques to dominate and control the subject's attention.

6. Passivity. The subject calms down and listens: At this point, the subject may break into
Crying, you shouldn't stop or feel sorry. Interviewer: 'It's good that you're crying, because that
It means that he is sorry, doesn't it? The passive behavior of the subject may be related to
an indicator that you are ready to admit your guilt. In these circumstances, the
The interrogator should summarize the reasons the person had for committing the
crime and closely observe the subject's reactions of approval or denial.

7. Alternative questions: at this point an alternative question is asked where only

There can be two answers and where both assume guilt. The difference between the
the answers are that one is socially more acceptable than the other, making the guilty parties
to feel that in that way their guilt is diminished. Question: "Did you plan it or was it a
impulse? Did you use the money to pay what you owed or did you spend it on fun? With this of a
one way or another admits guilt.

8. Development of verbal confession: At this point, the person is allowed to speak about what happened.
They ask for opinions and ideas. It's very normal for the pressure to lead you to confess upon seeing that you...

he collapses his alibi (unless he has confessed in point number 7).

Here it is necessary to identify the discrepancies and the lack of agreement in the story that
express the interrogated party to clarify the incriminating details before establishing a
full admission of guilt. The method aims to use words that lighten the burden
emotional of the events. Ask how many times did you pull the trigger?, instead of how many
How many times have you shot at point-blank range?

9. Written statements. Written statement (recorded) of the confession. The process concludes.
with the written statement. Finally, it is extremely important that the suspect includes in a
written confession the details of the crime, which only he can know, and that the
the statement should be structured in such a way that it truly admits guilt and that
resulted from his natural will to confess, in order to avoid a subsequent judicial rejection.

OTHER TECHNIQUES TO CONSIDER IN AN INTERVIEW.

Silence: Most people feel uncomfortable with silence and start to talk.
just to break the tension. Empathy: Minimizing the feeling of guilt or pity for
an unlawful act committed in order to make it easier for him to make a confession. For
example, recounting a personal experience. Appeal to emotions and spirituality:
Guilt weighs heavily on their "soul" and the interrogator can say something like: "I
I know you are a good person and this is affecting you. If you free yourself from that burden, you will feel

better". Point out signs of guilt: To increase the pressure, show him
openly manifesting typical symptoms of guilt. Convey that everything is known:
After asking a question, emphasize that you know the answer. For example, by claiming
that other people have been interviewed about the matter. To offer an opportunity to
to lie: To suggest a scenario and situation that is known to be uncertain beforehand to hear if
the suspect agrees.

Attitudes for filing a complaint.

The official who provides public service, in addition to having a good vocabulary, must
having a good presence, and this is fundamental, since the person who seeks help with a
this organism feels safer seeing the good presence from the
employees.

Guard Chief.

The shift supervisor is responsible for overseeing and providing good service to the public.

Attached.

This is the person in charge of receiving complaints and supervising the areas of the office, this is the

right-hand man of the guard chief.

In case the guard chief is absent, the deputy takes command of the group.

Auxiliaries.

These are the subordinates of the group, they are in charge of receiving complaints and ensuring safety.
of the areas and units of the office, emphasizing the dungeon.

Technicians.
This is the one that carries out inspections, techniques, reviews, and expert opinions.

Administrative.

It is responsible for the operational part of the dispatch (Substantiation, areas of the room of

operations, files, secretary.