INDEX

INTRODUCTION 3
Chapter i …………......………………………….. 4
Browsers, Search Engines... 4
1. Browsers 4
1.1 Concept of browsers... 4
1.2.Common characteristics of browsers... 4
2.Search engines:……………………………………. 4
2.1. Concept of search engines 4
2.2.Types of search engines…………………………….. 5

2.2.1.Search indices…………………………..… 5
2.2.2. Search engines…………………………… 5
Chapter II
2. Browsers 6
2.1. WHAT ARE THE MOST WELL-KNOWN BROWSERS
……………………………………………………… 7
2.1.1. INTERNET EXPLORE 8
2.2.2. MOZILLA FIRE FOX 8
2.2.3. SAFARI 9
2.2.4.OPERA 9
2.2.5.GOOGLE CHROME 9
Chapter III
SEARCH ENGINES..........................................10
SEARCH ENGINES BY KEYWORD OR SEARCH ENGINES 12
GOOGLE 10
2.1.2.ALLTHAWEB:…………………………………………10
2.1.3. ALTAVISTA: ………………………………………...……10
2.2. SEARCH ENGINES BY CATEGORY (SEARCH INDEX)12
2.2.1.YAHOO 10
2.2.2.LYCOS:……………………………………. 11
2.3.SPECIFIC SEARCH ENGINES………… 11
2.3.1.AMAZON………………………………………11
 INTRODUCTION

This work focuses on the study of browsers, search engines and

meta search engines on the internet, taking into account the different types of
Software for both search and navigation has advantages as well as disadvantages.
one from another. Each of these programs works on operating systems
different or similar to those that support software applications of
search or navigation. For some time, different types were programmed.
of browsers but most did not meet the demands of users due to
to his flaws.
This report will also aim to ensure that the reader: Recognizes the
use of browsers.
Recognize the benefits of different navigation and search software in
internet.
Identify the navigation and search software that has the best
advantages.

Identify browsers, search engines, and meta search engines that can help you in your
Teaching work.
 Chapter I

Browsers, Search Engines

Browsers:
1.1 Concept of browsers:

A browser or web explorer - known in English as a web browser - is a

program or software, usually free, that allows us to view pages
web through the Internet in addition to accessing other information resources
also hosted on web servers, such as videos, images, audio
and XML files.
But a browser also allows us to store information or access
different types of documents on the hard drive, etc., access to private networks,
and create bookmarks.
The access to other web pages through hyperlinks (hyperlinks or
(links) is called navigation, a term from which the name browser derives,
although a minority prefer to call it 'hojeado' which would be the literal translation of
the word browser.
1.2. Common characteristics of browsers

All browsers include most of the following features:

tab navigation, pop-up blocker, support for
search engines, download manager, bookmarks, spell checker
spelling, and keyboard shortcuts. To maintain privacy, almost all the
browsers offer simple ways to delete cookies, web caches and the
history.
2. Search engines:
2.1. Concept of search engines:

When we need the Internet, we usually look for information about a

specific theme, and it is difficult to access a page that contains it, simply
clicking on links. As a solution to this problem, search engines emerged.
A search engine is a webpage that offers to query a database of
data in which web page addresses are related to their content.
Its use greatly facilitates the obtaining of a list of web pages that
they contain information about the topic that interests us.
There are several types of search engines, depending on the mode of construction and
access to the database, but they all have in common that they allow a
consultation in the

The search engine returns a list of website addresses.

related to the consulted topic.
The origin of search engines dates back to April 1994, the year in which a
a pair of American university students (David Filo and Jerry Yang) decided
create a website that offered a directory of pages
interesting classified by themes, always thinking about the needs of
information that their classmates might have. Had been born
Yahoo!. The success of this page was so great that a company decided
buy it and turn it into the portal we know today. In addition to the search engine,
Today Yahoo! offers many more services.

Chapter II
2. Browsers
Web browsers are the program that allows access to the web.
Since their appearance in 1991, browsers have evolved.
considerably, at the same time as the website itself.

For many users, saying web browser means saying Internet Explorer.
Microsoft. Although for many years this browser has been the most
used with a big difference, it wasn't like that at the beginning, nor will it probably be
this way in the future.

2.1. WHAT ARE THE MOST KNOWN BROWSERS?

The most well-known are Internet Explorer, Mozilla, Opera, Netscape.
Browser and Safari. The final decision rests with the internet user who must
choose the software that suits you best or that you find most comfortable
to navigate.
2.1.1. INTERNET EXPLORE:

Microsoft introduced Internet Explorer in August 1995, based on a

Mosaic version. Internet Explorer 1 was not included in Windows 95, but
in the face of Netscape's success and the growing popularity of the web, Microsoft stepped on the
accelerator.
This browser is the most popular on Windows, the most notable feature
The important thing about this browser is that it comes integrated with the operating system,
this has positive and negative side effects, for example: the
the program loads quickly as most of the program loads into the
memory when starting Windows, it is not possible to uninstall it, if we want to use another one
we also have to stick with this one.
The best:
• It is the most widespread, all websites work correctly with it. Its
privileged market position for years has made any
the website should always be checked for its operation in Explorer, because
it is the one used by most visitors.
• Integration with Windows. It is in the very nature of Explorer to be
part of the user experience at any time, so that
Many Windows applications use parts of the browser to function.
creating a smooth and consistent experience.
• Extensions, ActiveX components. Programmers can
add functions to Explorer to perform various specialized tasks,
making it more versatile.
The worst:
• Vulnerabilities that take time to fix. The constant holes in
Explorer's security is already a tradition, and on average it takes about
nine days to be corrected through a review or patch.
• Poor management of Web standards. Traditionally, Microsoft has
"Reinvented" the standards to their convenience, so that those who believe
web pages must treat Explorer as if it were a 'special case',
a complete waste of time and resources.
• Slow versioning and revision cycle. Previously considered a
advantage, nowadays it is not understood that between version and version of a program
several years may pass with this type. This has improved somewhat in
Explorer 8 and 9.
2.2.2. MOZILLA FIRE FOX
Mozilla was the nickname of the Netscape browser within the same company.
Netscape. In January 1998, Netscape announced that it was releasing the source code.
from your browser and the project to continue the development of that code received
the name of Mozilla.
The best:

• A large number of extensions and plug-ins. They are small programs that
expand the browser's functions, developed by programmers
independent. There are literally hundreds and they allow you to have a 'Firefox to
measurement.
• It more than meets web standards. It is one of the browsers.
more respectful of the 'rules of the Web', the languages in which they are
written the web pages.
• Cross-platform, it works for any operating system. People
that various types of computers can use the same one
browser in all of them.
The worst:
• Consumes too much memory. If many tabs open while browsing
Tabs or windows, performance plummets; it is a pending issue.
to be resolved in upcoming versions.
• Performance and stability. Even the 'final' versions suffer from
certain instability that causes hangs and crashes when visiting certain sites
web or push its functionality a bit.
• Vulnerabilities that are quickly fixed. Although they
security flaws are often discovered, usually published within 24 hours.
patch to solve the problem.

2.2.3. SAFARI
Until 2003, Apple's Mac operating system did not have its own
web browser, but it included Netscape or Internet Explorer, but in June of
In 2003, Apple released Safari 1.0 for Mac OS X. Safari uses the rendering engine.
WebKit, developed by Apple based on the rendering engine
KHTML of the free software project KDE.
Since 2003, Apple has been releasing new versions of Safari every year (in the last
years in the month of June). Between 2007 and 2012, versions of Safari were released.
for Windows, but without any success.

The best:

• It is the essential complement for Mac OS X users.

for where it was initially conceived that it would be executed

• Safari includes tabbed browsing, spell checker,

bookmarks
for search engines, a download manager, Cover Flow for viewing
history and Top Sites.
• It is a browser that has distinguished itself by its performance, speed and
support of the standards.
• It is the default browser for all iDevices (iPhone,
iTouch (iPad), but it is also used in various phones and other devices.
laptops that are not Apple, which is currently the most browser
used in mobile devices.
The worst:

• Lack of many add-on options

• Lacks some of the customization options that many
competitors offer.
• Safari is not as well recognized among users of other operating systems.
different from Mac OS

2.2.4. OPERA

From Telenor, a Norwegian telecommunications company, but which has been developing since 1995
the company Opera Software. The first version, Opera 2.1, was released in
December 1996 and since then it has been publishing versions for both
PC as for mobile devices. Since version Opera 15 (July 2013)
use the rendering engine Link.
It has always been characterized as a lightweight and fast browser, it has very
good support of standards (with a few more errors than Mozilla), it was the first
browser to incorporate navigation from multiple tabs into one
same window, and offers many customization options to the user. To
initially it was a paid browser, now it has a free version with a
advertising banner. Here are its characteristics:
The best:

• In speed, it is one of the most recommended.

• Do not reload the page, how much one goes back.

• Good tab management.

• It has an internal IRC (for Chat) client.
• Possibility to customize the stylesheets.
• Download system.
• Internal email client.
• Internal news reader.
The worst:

• A little slower in loading pages with Flash than other browsers.

• Incompatibility with some pages.
• The worst:
• A bit slower in loading pages with Flash than other browsers.
• Incompatibility with some pages.

2.2.5. GOOGLE CHROME

CHROME is a browser created in 2008 by Google based on Web Kit.
curling rendering engine of the Safari browser, although since version 28 (July
from 2012) uses the Link engine instead of Web Kit. Version 1.0 was released in
December 2008. Its development pace accelerated in 2009 (2 versions
published), 2010 (5 published versions) and 2011 (8 published versions). In
2012 seems to have stabilized at eight versions per year, which would provide a
media of a version every six weeks, like Firefox, although it is not published
at regular intervals, like Firefox.
The best:
• It is very fast and consumes little memory. Web pages load more.
quickly and many tabs can be opened at the same time, without running out of
computer memory.
• Simple and minimalist interface. After starting it, a window appears and that's it.
It can be navigated. Everything superficial has been eliminated, so that even the
beginners will find it easy to use.
• Robust and secure. You can do several things at once, and if one
web page
"it breaks" does not affect other windows or tabs, which continue to function
independently.
The worst:

• Possible incompatibilities due to it being very new. Some

old web pages may not display correctly with Chrome, until
the owners fix or redesign them a little.
• Growing extensions: Being a new browser, its extensions
they do not reach the same amount as those of Firefox (browser currently
with the largest number of extensions.
Chapter iii

3.1. SEARCH ENGINES

3.1.1. GOOGLE:
It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergei Brin in 1997.
It is the most used search engine on the Web.
The frequency of use of search terms has reached a volume
that can indicate more economic, social, and health trends.
In June 2011, Google introduced 'Google BoiseSearch' and 'Google Images.'
The digital creative director of Google is Chris Wiggins.

3.1.2. ALLTHAWEB:

The birth of Alltheweb dates back to May 1998, a year after

Google.
It also has an advanced search section to refine to the utmost.
results of the consultations.
You can make inquiries in 49 different languages.

3.1.3. ALTAVISTA:

It was released in the early months of 1995 and, at the time, it reached
the first place as a search index.
It was a search engine in English and Spanish, owned by the company Overture Ser
Vice Inc., which was then acquired by Yahoo!.
On July 8, 2013, AltaVista was finally shut down by Yahoo! to make way for
free way to Bing and also to Yahoo! Search.
3.2. SEARCH ENGINES BY CATEGORY (SEARCH INDEX)
3.2.1. YAHOO:

It was founded in January 1994 by two graduate students from the

Stanford University, Jerry Yang and David Filo.
The only place where someone has to go to find anything that
search, communicate with anyone or buy anything
3.2.2. LYCOS:

It emerged as a search engine development project led by

Dr. Michael Mauldin from Carnegie Mellon University in 1994.
The online community is today the fastest growing paradigm in the
Red.
3.3. SPECIFIC SEARCH ENGINES
3.3.1. AMAZON:

Founded as Cadabra.com by Jeff Bezos in 1994 and launched on the 16th of

July 1995, cadabra.com started as an online bookstore.
Its motto is and yodure done: "and you are ready"). It was one of the first
large companies in selling goods through the Internet.
Present the 'Disc view' option in tests that, based on searches
what we have done suggests places with themes suited to the
the same.
 CONCLUSIONS

Browsers are a program that allows you to view the information it contains.
a web page (whether it is hosted on a server within the Word
Wide Web or on a local server.
Its function is to allow the viewing of text documents, possibly
with embedded multimedia resources. The documents can be located
on the computer where the user is, but they can also be in
any other device that is connected to the user's computer or to
through the Internet, and that has the necessary resources for transmission
the documents (a web server software).
Many of the pages circulating on the web have little interest.
little amount of information they provide, the little value of it or
because they only refer to other pages) and contribute with their number to
hinder navigation; as we have seen, large search centers
they do not allow separating the grain from the chaff and the specialized directories do not
they are exhaustive