CHAPTER

Biological
Classification

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Kingdom Classification
1. Who was the first to attempta more scientific basis of classification?
(a) Linnaeus (b) Aristotle
(c) Whittaker (d) Bentham and Hooker
2. Aristotle classified plants in herbs, shrubs and trees on the basis of
(a) Anatomical feature (b) Morphological characters
(c) Physiological characters (d) Biochemical characters
3. In how many groups did Aristotle divide the animals on the basis of presence/absence of RBC?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
4. Two kingdom classification does not distinguish between
(a) Eukaryote and prokaryote
(b) Unicellular and multi-cellular organisms
(c) Photosynthetic (green algae) and non-photosynthetic (fungi) organisms
(d) Allthe above
5. In which year Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification?
(a) 1960 (b) 1959 (c) 1969 (d) 1979
6. Whittaker's kingdom are
(a) Plantae and Animalia (b) Monera and Protista
(c) Fungi (d) All of these
7. How many main criteria were used by Whittaker for classification?
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
8. What is the criteria used by Whittaker for classification?
(1) Cell structure (2) Thallus organization
(3) Mode of nutrition (4) Reproduction
(5) Phylogenetic relationship (6) Biochemical difference
(7) Physiological character
(a) All except (5) and (6) (b) All except (5) and (7)
(c) All except (6) and (7) (d) All except (3) and (4)
9. In earlier classification (like two kingdoms), the following are included in plant
(1) Bacteria, blue green algae, fungus (2) Mosses and fern
(3) Gymnosperms and angiosperm
(a) (1) only (b) (2) and (3) only (c) (3) only (d) All of these
2.2 Biological Classification

10. What is common to bacteria, mosses and fungus?

(a) It is a mode of nutrition (b) Presence of cell wall
(c) Autotrophic (d) Body organization
11. All prokaryotic groups are put under kingdom
(a) Monera (b) Plantae (c) Fungi (d) Protista
12. Kingdom protista contains
(a) Blue green algae (b) Fungi
(c) Unicellular eukaryotes (d) All of these
13. Chlamydomonas, chlorella, paramecium and amoeba are placed in which kingdom of
Whittaker's classification?
(a) Monera (b) Plantae (c) Fungi (d) Protista

14. Phylogeny refers to

(a) Morphology (b) Physiology
(c) Reproduction (d) Evolutionary relationship
15. Kingdom monera contains
(a) Bacteria (b) Dinoflagellate
(c) Slime moulds (d) Euglenoid
16. Most abundant microorganism are
(a) bacteria (b) virus (c) amoeba (d) paramecium
17. Which of the following is incorrect about bacteria?
(A) It is grouped under five categories on the basis of shape.
(B) It can live in hot spring, deep ocean, snow and desert areas.
(C) It can live as a parasite.
(D) It is composed of simple behaviour and complex structure.
(a) (A) and (B) only (b) (A) and (D) only
(c) (B) and (C) only (d) (C) and (D) only
18. Most extensive metabolic diversity is found in
(a) Protozoans (b) Amphibian (c) Bacteria (d) Fungi
19. Most of the bacteria are
(a) Chemo-autotrophs (b) Photo-autotrophs (c) Heterotroph (d) Holozoic
20. Match the column:
Column I Column I
A. Salty area 1 Thermoacidophile
B. Hot spring 2. Methanogen
C. Marshy area 3. Halophiles
(a) A-3, B-1, C-2 (b) A-1, B-2, C-3
(c) A-2, B-1, C-3 (d) A-2, B-3, C-1
21. Archacbacteria can live in some of the most harsh habitats because of
(a) Presence of mesosome (b) High power of multiplication
(c) Special cell wall structure (d) All of these
Biological Classification 2.3

22. Following are present in gut of cows and buffaloes and is responsible for the production of
methane from the dung of these animals
(a) Methanogen (b) Thermoacidophiles
(c) Halophils (d) All of these
23. Motile bacteria possess
(a) Cilia (b) Flagella
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
24. Which of the following statements is true about cyanobacteria?
(a) It is found in fresh water only.
(b) It may be unicellular, colonial or filamentous.
(c) They often form bloom in non-polluted fresh water bodies.
(d) Colonies are not surrounded by gelatinous sheath.
25. Specialized cell of nostoc and anabaena fix nitrogen are known as
(a) Cyst (b) Heterocyst
(c) Oocytes (d) Cholecyst
26. Find out the total number of false statements:
A. Cyanobacteria have chlorophyll 'a' like green plants.
B. Bacteria which oxidizes various inorganic substance such as nitrates and ammonia and
uses the released energy for ATP production are chemosynthesis autotrophic bacteria.
C. Heterotrophic bacteria are less in abundance in nature.
D. Majority of heterotrophic bacteria are decomposers.
E. Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria play an important role in recycling of nutrients like
nitrogen, phosphorus iron and sulphur.
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
27. Heterotrophic bacteria helps in
(a) Curding of milk (b) Production of antibiotic
(c) Nitrogen fixation in leguminous plant (d) All of these
28. Select the total number of disease from the following caused by bacteria:
Mumps, Smallpox, Citrus canker,Cholera, Typhoid, Tetanus, Sleeping sickness, Malaria
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
29. Which one is correct about reproduction in bacteria?
(a) Mainly by binary fission
(b) Spores are formed under unfavorable condition
(c) Sexual reproduction by transfer of DNA from one to another
(d) All of these
30. Following features belong to
A. Complete lacking of cell wall
B. Anaerobic
C. Smallest living cell
D. Many of them are pathogenic to plant and animals
(a) Chrysophytes (b) Prions
(c) Viroids (d) Mycoplasma
2.4 Biological Classification

31. Which of the following is incorrect about protista?

(a) All are single cell eukaryotes
(b) Some have flagella or cilia
(c) Sexualy reproduce by cell fusion and zygote formation
(d) Members of protista are primarily terrestrial
32. Kingdom protista include
(a) Chrysophyte (b) Dinofagellate (c) Euglenoids (d) Allof these

33. Which kingdom of Whittaker are not well-defined?

(a) Monera (b) Protista (c) Fungi (d) Animalia

34. Which of the following is correct about chrysophytes?

I. Found in fresh and marine water II. Microscopic plankton
II. Cell walls are embedded with CaCO, IV. Most of them are photosynthetic
(a) I and II only (b) I, Ill and IV only (c) I, II and IV only (d) Iand IV only
35. Chief producers in ocean are
(a) Euglenoids (b) Dinoflagellate (c) BGA (d) Chrysophytes
36. Chrysophytes include
(a) Diatoms (b) Golden algae (c) Desmids (d) All of these

37. Diatomaceous earth is used in

(a) Polishing (b) Filteration of oils
(c) Filteration of syrups (d) All of these

38. In cell wall forms two thin overlapping shells which fit together as in a soap box.
(a) Dinoflagellates (b) Diatoms (c) Euglenoids (d) None of these
39. Mostly marine, photosynthetic and biflagellate organisms are
(a) Diatoms (b) Desmids (c) Dinoflagellates (d) Euglenoids
40. The following features belong to
I. Appear yellow, green, brown, blue and red depending on the pigment in cell.
II. Stiffcellulose plate forms cell wall.
II. One longitudiual and one transverse flagella present.
IV. Photosynthetic
(a) Diatoms (b) Desmids (c) Dinoflagellates (d) Euglenoids
41. Red tide is because of
(a) Desmids (b) Gonyaulax (c) Euglena (d) Red algae
42. Which of the following is true about gonyaulax?
(a) Release toxin (b) Slow multiplication causing red tide
(c) Heterotropic (d) All of these

43. Habitat of euglenoids is

(a) Fresh river water (b) Fresh stagnant water
(c) Marine water (d) All of these
44. Mode of nutrition in euglenoids is
(a) Autotropic (b) Heterotropic (c) Symbiotic (d) Mixotropic
Biological Classification 2.5

45. Characteristic feature of euglenoids are

A. Presence of cell wall B. Presence of two flagella
C. Photosynthetic in presence of sunlight D. Presence of pellicle on their cell
(a) A and D only (b) B and D only
(c) B,C and D only (d) All of these

46. Euglenoids have flexible body because of

(a) Cellulosic wall (b) Protein rich pellicle
(c) Lipoic wall (d) Pectinic wall
47. Pigments of euglenoids are identical to
(a) Bacteria (b) Diatoms (c) Dinoflagellates (d) Higher plants
48. Euglena posses all except
(a) Pellicle (b) Two equal flagella
(c) Two unequal flagella (d) Mixotrophic nutrition
49. Character belongs to slime moulds
A. Saprophytes
B. Forms plasmodium under favourable condition
C. Spores posses true walls
D. Spores are dispersed by water
E. Body moves along decaying twings and leaves engulfing organic matter.
(a) All except E (b) Allexcept D
(c) All except C and E (d) All except B
50. Which protist are believed to be the relatives of animals?
(a) Slime moulds (b) Dinoffagellates (c) Protozoans (d) Diatoms
51. Protozoans are
A. Hetrotrops
B. Parasites or predators
C. Protist
D. Belived to be primitive relative of animals
(a) A and B only (b) B andC only (c) D and A only (d) All of these
52. Amoeboid protozoans
(a) Live in fresh water, sea water or moist soil
(b) Captures prey by putting pseudopodia
(c) Marine forms have shells on their surface
(d) All of the above
53. False feet is the characteristic of which protozoan?
(a) Sporozoan (b) Ciliated protozoan
(c) Flagellated protozoan (d) Amoeboid protozoans
54. Sleeping sickness is caused by
(a) Plasmodium (b) Paramoecium (c) Trypanosoma (d) Entamoeba
55. The protist which possess flagella is
(a) Paramoecium (b) Plasmodium (c) Trypanosoma (d) Entamoeba
2.6 Biological Classification

56. Ciliated protozoan possess

(a) Thousands of cilia (b) Gullet that opens outsides to cell
(c) Coordinated movement of rows of cilia (d) All of these

57. Sporozoans possesss

(a) Spore like stage in lifecycle (b) They are infectious
(c) They are motile (d) Both (a) and (b)
58. Select the correct statement from the following for kingdom fungi
A. They are heterotrophic.
B. They show less diversity in morphology and habitat.
C. Yeast is an unicellular fungus.
D. They prefer to grow in warm and humid places.
(a) A and D only (b) C and D only (c) A, C and D only (d) A and B only
59. Which of the following are example of fungus?
(a) Toadstool (b) Puccinia (c) Yeast (d) All of these
60. Which of the following pairs belongs to the same kingdom?
(a) Mycoplasma and Euglena (b) Golden algae and Green algae
(c) Toadstool and Albugo (d) Lichens and Alternaria
61. Refrigeration prevents food from spoilage by
(a) Fungus (b) Bacteria (c) Both (d) None of these
62. Which is not a correct matching?
(a) Rust ’ Puccinia (b) Yeast ’ Bread and beer
(c) Chrysophyte -’ Diatomaceous earth (d) Penicillium ’ Red tide
63. The following features belongs to
A. Body consist of long, slender thread-like structures called hyphae.
B. Cell wall consist of chitin.
C. Cosmopolitan
(a) Ciliated protozoans (b) Slime moulds
(c) Fungi (d) Euglenoids
64. If hyphae are continuous tube filled with multinucleated cytoplasm it is known as
(a) Septate hyphae (b) Coenocytic hyphae
(c) Mycelium (d) None of these
65. Select the correct matching:
A. Fungi depend on dead substrate Saprophytic
B. Fungi depend on living plants and animals Parasite
C. Fungi as symbiont with algae Lichens
D. Fungi as symbiont with root of higher plant Mycorhazia
(a) A and B only (b) B and C only (c) Cand D only (d) Allof these
66. Vegetative reproduction in fungus takes place by
(a) Fragmentation (b) Fission (c) Budding (d) All of these
67. Asexual reproduction in fungus occurs by spores known as
(a) Conidia (b) Sporangiospores
(c) Zoospores (d) Any of the above
Biological Classification 2.7

68. Sexual reproduction in fungus is by

(a) Oospores (b) Ascospores
(c) Basidiospores (d) Any of the above

69. Sexual reproduction in fungus occurs in the following sequential event. Arrange them properly.
A. Fusion of two nuclei called karyogamy.
B. Fusion of protoplasnm between two motile or non-motile gametes.
C. Meiosis in zygote resulting in haploid spores.
(a) A ’B’C (b) B’A ’C (c) C B’A (d) CA’B
70. Dikaryon and dikaryophase is seen in the case of
(a) Ascomycetes (b) Basidiomycetes
(c) Phycomycetes (d) Both (a) and (b)
71. The kingdom fungi is divided into various classes on the basis of
(a) Morphology of mycelium (b) Mode of spore formation
(c) Type of fruiting bodies (d) All of these
72. During sexual reproduction in fungus
(a) Hyphae of same class come together and fuse.
(b) Hyphae of same genus come together and fuse.
(c) Hyphae of closely related species come together and fuse.
() Hyphae of compatible mating type come together and fuse.
73. Habitats of phycomycetes are
(a) Aquatic (b) Decaying wood in moist and damp place
(c) Obligate parasite in plant (d) All of these

74. Endogenously produced spores are found in all except

(a) Mushroom (b) Mucor
(c) Albugo (d) Rhizopus
75. The following features belong to class
A. Asexual reproduction by zoospores or aplanospores.
B. Fusion of gametes may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous.
C. Mycelium is aseptate and coenocytic.
D. Spores are endogenously produced in sporangium.
(a) Ascomycetes (b) Deuteromycetes
(c) Phycomycetes (d) Basidiomycetes
76. The following fungus belongs to class ascomycetes (count the total number).
Rhizopus, Penicillium, Yeast, Mucor, Agaricus, Puccinia, Albugo, Claviceps, Neurospora,
Aliernaria,
(a) 5
Tichoderma,(b)Aspergillus,
7
Ustilago, Morels, Bufles, Colletorichum, Toadstool
(c) 9 (d) 10
77. Ascomycetes are mostly
(a) Acellular (b) Unicellular (c) Multicellular (d) All of these
78. Unicellular ascomycetes is
(a) Penicillium (b) Alternaria
(c) Saccharomyces (yeast) (d) Agaricus
2.8 Biological Classification

79. The following features belongs to class

A. Mycelium branched and septate.
B. Asexual spores conidia produced exogenously.
C. Sexual spores produced endogenously.
D. Many members of this class are edible.
(a) Ascomycetes (b)Phycomycetes (c) Basidiomycetes (d) Deuteromycetes
80. Which of the following is extensively used in biochemical and genetic work?
(a) Aspergillus (b) Claviceps (c) Neurospora (d) Penicillium
81. The commonly known form of basidiomycetes are
(a) Mushrooms (b) Bracket fungi (c) puffballs (d) all
82. The following characteristics are of which of the given fungi?
A. Mycelium branched and septate.
B. Asexual spores are generally not found.
C. Vegetative reproduction by fragmentation is common.
D. Sex organs are absent but plasmogamy is by fusion of two somatic cells of different
strains or genotype.
(a) Phycomycetes (b) Basidiomycetes (c) Deuteromycetes (d) Ascomycetes
83. Karyogamy and meiosis occurs in basidium produces basidiospores.
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
84. Basidiospores are produced on basidium
(a) Endogenously (b) Exogenously (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
85. Find out the correct matching:
(a) Ustilago-Smut (b) Puccinia-Rust
(c) Agaricus-Mushroom (d) All are correct
86. Which of the following fungi only reproduce by asexual spores conidia?
(a) Alternaria (b) Colletotrichum (c) Trichoderma (d) All of these
87. Deuteromycetes are known as imperfect fungi because
(a) Only sexual phase is found.
(b) Only asexual or vegetative phase are known.
(c) Both asexual and sexual phase are known.
(d) Reproduction in these fungi is absent.
88. Many members of class are decomposers of litter and help in mineral cycling.
(a) Ascomycetes (b) Deuteromycetes
(c) basidiomycetes (d) phycomycetes
89. The following features belongs to
A. Mycelium septate and branched.
B. Some members are saprophytes or parasites.
C. Reproduce only by conidia.
(a) Ascomycetes (b) Deuteromycetes (c) Basidiomycetes (d) Phycomycetes
90. Which of the following are examples of insectivorous plants?
(a) Bladderwort (b) Venus fly trap (c) Cuscuta (d) Both (a) and (b)
Biological Classification 2.9

91. Kingdom plantae include

(a) Algae and bryophytes (b) Pteridophytes and gymnosperms
(c) Angiosperms (d) All of these
92. Plant cells have all except
(a) Chloroplast (b) Cellulosic cell wall
(c) Large vacuole (d) Centriole

93. Alternation of generation is seen in all except

(a) Fucus (b) Sphagnum (c) Equisetum (d) Alternaria

94. Life cycle in plant has generally two distinct phase the sporophytic and the
gametophytic that alternate with each other. This phenomenon is called as alternation of
generation.
(a) diploid, diploid (b) diploid, haploid
(c) haploid, diploid (d) haploid, haploid
95. Select from the following the total number of features belonging to animal kingdom.
1. Multicellular, heterotrophic. 7. Higher forms shows sensory and
2. Most of them capable of locomotion. neuromotor mechanism.
3. Have definite shape and size. 8. Some members are autotrophic.
4. Digestion of food in internal cavity. 9. Presence of cellulose cell wall.
5. Holozoic mode of nutrition. 10. Sexual reproduction generally by
6. Stored food reserve as glycogen or fat. copulation of male and female.
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 10
Viruses, Viroids and Lichens
96. In five kingdom classification ofWhittaker, some acellular organisms are not included, they are
(a) Virus (b) Viroids (c) Lichens (d) Both (a) and (b)
97. Virus is
(a) Completely non-living
(b) Inert crystalline structure outside the living cell
(c) Cellular organism
(d) One of Whittaker's classification
98. Virus', the name means
(a) Venom or poisonous fluid
(b) Acellular form
(c) Non-cellular form
(d) The connecting link between living and non-living
99. Virus' , the name was given by
(a) Ivanowsky (b) Pasteur (c) Whittaker (d) Beijerinck
100. Contagium vivum fluidum (infections living fluid) name given to fluid extract from infected
tobacco plant was given by
(a) Ivanowsky (b) Pasteur (c) Whittaker (d) Beijerinek
101. Viruses are
(a) Inert outside their specific host cell (b) Obligate parasite
(c) Passes through bacteria proof filter (d) All above statements are correct
2.10
Biological Classification

102. Who showed that virus can be crystallized out?

(a) Ivanowsky (b) Beijerinck
(c) Stanley (d) Pasteur

103. Virus contains

(a) Protein (b) DNA
(d) RNA (d) (a) and either (b) or (c)
104. Virus infected plants generally have
(a) Single stranded DNA (b) Double stranded DNA
(c) Double stranded RNA (d) Single stranded RNA

105. Viruses which infect animals have

(a) Single stranded RNA (b) Double stranded RNA
(c) Double stranded DNA (d) Any of the above
106. Bacteriophage generally have
(a) Single stranded RNA (b) Double stranded RNA
(c) Double stranded DNA (d) Any of the above
107. Capsomeres may be arranged in
(a) Helical (b) Polyhedral (c) Ellipsoid (d) Either (a) or (b)
108. In virus infected plants the following symptoms can be observed
(a) Mosaic formation and stunted growth (b) Leaf rolling and curling
(c) Yellowing and vein clearing (d) All of these
109. Select the total number of diseases from the following which can be caused by virus in plant or
animals.
Mumps, Small pox, Rust, Smut, Herpes, Influenza, Potato spindle tuber, Red rot of sugar cane.
Turnip mosaic, Black ot crucifier
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 8
110. Potato spindle tuber disease is caused by
(a) Virus (b) Viroids (c) Lichens (d) Fungi
111. Viroids' is discovered by
(a) Ivanowsky (b) T. O. Diener (c) Beijerinck (d) Stanley
112. Viroids are
(a) Free protein (b) Free RNA (c) Free DNA (d) Free saccharides
113. The molecular weight of RNA of viroid is
(a) High (b) Low
(c) Very high (d) Any of the above
114. Lichens are symbiotic association between
(a) Algae and bacteria (b) Bacteria and fungus
(c) Algae and fungus (d) Fungus and root of higher plant
115. In lichen, the algal component is called and fungal component is called
(a) mycobiont, phycobiont (b) phycobiont, mycobiont
(©) phycobiont, mycorrhazia (d) mycorrhaiza, mycobiont
 Answer Keys
Practice Questions
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (d) 28. (b) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (d) 37. (d) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (c)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (d) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (b) 49. (b) 50. (c)
51. (d) 52. (d) S3. (d) 54.(c) 55. (c) 56. (d) 57. (d) 58. (c) 59. (d) 60. (c)
61. (c) 62. (d) 63. (c) 64. (b) 65. (d) 66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (d) 69. (b) 70. (d)
71. (d) 72. (d) 73. (d) 74. (a) 75. (c) 76. (b) 77. (c) 78. (c) 79. (a) 80. (c)
81. (d) 82. (b) 83. (d) 84. (b) 85. (d) 86. (d) 87. (b) 88. (b) 89. (b) 90. (d)
91. (d) 92. (d) 93. (d) 94. (b) 95. (c) 96. (d) 97. (b) 98. (a) 99. (b) 100. (d)
101.(d) 102. (c) 103. (d) 104. (d) 105. (d) 106. (c) 107. (d) 108. (d) 109. (b) 110. (b)
111. (b) 112. (b) 113. (b) 114. (c) 115. (b) 116. (a) 117. (d) 118. (d) 119. (d) 120. (c)
121. (a) 122. (d) 123. (c) 124. (d) 125. (a) 126. (b) 127. (c) 128.(b)