■ Web Terminology – Detailed Notes
1.1 Internet
- Internet is a global network of interconnected computers that allows exchange of data, files, and
communication worldwide.
- Network: Group of two or more systems connected to share resources.
- Types: LAN (Local Area Network – small area), WAN (Wide Area Network – large area).
- Features: Global connectivity, resource sharing, wired & wireless communication.
1.2 World Wide Web (WWW)
- Collection of interlinked web pages stored on web servers and accessed through Internet.
- Works through browsers requesting web servers.
- Benefits: Information access, communication, convenience, entertainment, education.
1.3 Internet Applications
- E-mail, Access to Information, Online Shopping, Chatting, Education, Research, Entertainment,
Social Networking, E-commerce, Freelancing, Online Banking.
1.4 Web Browser
- Software to retrieve, display, and explore information on WWW.
- Functions: Sends requests, displays content, manages bookmarks/history.
- Examples: Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari, Opera.
1.5 Web Server
- Server (hardware/software) that stores, processes, and delivers web pages to clients using
HTTP/HTTPS.
- Functions: Hosting, managing client requests, storing files.
- Examples: Apache, IIS, NGINX.
1.6 URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
- Address of a resource on the Internet.
- Components: Protocol (http/https), Domain Name, File Path.
- Example: https://www.cbse.gov.in/exam/result.html
1.7 Intranet
- Private network accessible only within an organization.
- Features: Limited access, secure, collaboration.
- Advantages: Better communication, centralized info, cost-saving.
- Disadvantages: Costly, security risks, training needed.
1.8 Extranet
- Extension of intranet allowing limited access to outsiders (partners, vendors, customers).
- Features: Restricted, secure, authorized access.
- Advantages: Improves collaboration, better service, efficiency.
1.9 Difference Between Internet, Intranet & Extranet
Aspect Internet Intranet Extranet
Definition Global network of networks
Private network for organization
Private network extended to outsiders
Users Public (anyone) Employees of organization Selected outsiders
Access Open to all Restricted to employees
Restricted to employees + outsiders
Security Less secure More secure Secure with login
Examples Google, Amazon School/office portal Supplier login system
