Class 11th.
Prayag Public school Sub: Bio
Question Bank – Morphology of Flowering Plants
(Topics: Root, Stem & Leaf)
Class 11 Biology | NCERT + NEET
SECTION A – NEET Previous Year MCQs
1. Modification of root in turnip and carrot is for:
a) Respiration
b) Storage
c) Support
d) Absorption
2. Pneumatophores are seen in:
a) Avicennia
b) Maize
c) Pea
d) Mustard
3. The axillary bud gives rise to:
a) Root
b) Leaf
c) Branch
d) Flower
4. Phylloclade is a modification of:
a) Leaf
b) Stem
c) Root
d) Flowers
5. In maize and sugarcane, supporting roots arising from lower nodes of the stem are
called:
a) Stilt roots
b) Pneumatophores
c) Prop roots
d) Tap roots
SECTION B – Assertion & Reason Questions
Direction: Choose the correct option:
(A) Both Assertion & Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation.
(B) Both Assertion & Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation.
(C) Assertion is true, Reason is false.
(D) Both Assertion & Reason are false.
1. Assertion (A): Adventitious roots arise from any part of the plant other than the radicle.
Reason (R): They are always modified for nitrogen fixation.
2. Assertion (A): Rhizome of ginger is a stem modification.
Reason (R): It bears nodes and internodes.
3. Assertion (A): In monocots, leaves show parallel venation.
Reason (R): Parallel venation helps in secondary growth.
4. Assertion (A): Phylloclade helps in photosynthesis.
Reason (R): It is a modified underground stem.
SECTION C – Competency-Based Questions
1. A farmer notices that maize plants are not lodging despite heavy rain.
Identify the root modification responsible for this.
Explain its structural adaptation.
2. A student plucked a green cylindrical structure from an Opuntia plant and concluded it
was a stem.
Justify the observation with two anatomical features.
3. Why does an onion bulb survive harsh summers, whereas coriander plants die?
SECTION D – Case-Based Study Questions
Case 1:
Read the passage and answer the following questions:
“In mangrove plants like Avicennia, special roots come out of the soil and grow vertically
upwards.”
i) Name these roots.
ii) What is their function?
iii) Give one adaptation found in them.
Case 2:
In desert plants like Opuntia, leaves are reduced to spines.
i) What is the function of spines?
ii) Which organ takes up photosynthesis?
iii) Name this type of stem modification.
SECTION E – True/False Questions
1. Tap roots are present in monocots.
2. Maize shows adventitious roots.
3. Leaf is always green and photosynthetic.
4. Rhizome is a modified root.
5. Stilt roots provide support in maize and sugarcane.
SECTION F – Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Pneumatophores a) Mangroves
2. Prop roots b) Banyan
3. Phylloclade c) Opuntia
4. Tuber d) Potato
5. Stilt roots e) Maize
SECTION G – Fill in the Blanks
1. The type of venation found in monocot leaves is ___________.
2. Prop roots are seen in ___________ tree.
3. The axillary bud grows into ___________.
4. A fleshy underground stem seen in potato is called ___________.
5. ___________ of ginger are stem modifications.
SECTION H – Diagram-Based Questions
1. Draw and label the following diagrams:
Types of root systems
Different phyllotaxy arrangements
Leaf venation: pinnate vs. palmate
2. In a labeled diagram of a maize plant, show:
Adventitious roots. Stilt roots. Leaf sheath
3. Identify and comments upon given diagram.
SECTION I – Descriptive / Long Answer Questions
1. Describe different types of root modifications with suitable examples.
2. Differentiate between taproot and fibrous root systems.
3. Explain the types of stem modifications with examples.
4. What are the different types of phyllotaxy? Draw diagrams.
