Chapter 9: Friction
1. What is Friction?
Friction is the force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are in contact.
2. How many types of friction?
There are four types of friction
a. Static
b. Sliding occur between solid surfaces
c. Rolling
d. Fluid friction (Air/Viscous friction) occurs in liquids and gases
3. How is friction caused?
The friction is caused due to molecular adhesion, surface roughness, and deformations.
4. Why friction is important?
Friction can slow things down and stop stationary things from moving.
5. How to increase friction?
a. Making the surfaces rough.
b. By pressing the surfaces harder against each other (by increasing normal force).
c. By removing the lubrication between the surfaces in contact.
d. By using sliding motion rather than rolling motion.
e. By increasing the surface area in contact.
6. How to reduce friction? Or how to avoid friction?
a. Make the surfaces a little more smoother
b. Lubrication is another way to make a surface smoother
c. Make the object more streamlined
d. Reduce the Normal force acting between the surfaces in contact
e. Reduce the contact between the surfaces
7. What are the disadvantages of friction?
a. Friction produces heat which damages the moving parts of a machine.
b. Friction produces wear and tear on the contacting surfaces. This reduces the life of
machine parts, tyres and shoe soles.
c. A lot of energy is wasted due to friction
8. What are the effects of friction?
a. It produces heat, that helps in heating parts of any object or to warm ourselves.
b. It also causes a loss of power.
c. It produces noise during any kind of operation
d. It's because of friction that we're able to walk, run, play, etc.
Chapter 9: Friction
9. What are the 3 devices that reduce friction? Or how to avoid friction?
a. By using lubricants: friction increases as the roughness of the surface increases. ...
b. Polishing surfaces: It makes the surfaces even and hence reduces friction.
c. By using ball bearings: Rotating machines can be mounted on ball bearings.
10. What are the 3 types of friction from strongest to weakest?
Static, sliding, and rolling friction occur between solid surfaces. Static friction is
strongest, followed by sliding friction, and then rolling friction, which is weakest.
11. What is lubricant?
The substance which reduces friction are called lubricants
12. What is static force?
Static friction is the friction that exists between a stationary object and the surface
on which it's resting.
Static
Friction
13. What is sliding force?
Sliding friction refers to the resistance created by any two objects when sliding
against each other.
14. What is rolling force?
Rolling friction is exerted when an object rolls over another surface.
Chapter 9: Friction
15. What is fluid friction?
Fluid friction is the force that resists motion within the fluid itself or of another medium
moving through it.
16. What is drag?
The frictional force exerted by fluids is also called drag
17. What is the formula to calculate the sliding friction?
FS = μSFn
Where,
FS = force of sliding friction
μS = Coefficient of sliding friction
Fn = normal force
Fill in the blanks.
(a) Friction opposes the _____________ between the surfaces in contact with each other.
(b) Friction depends on the _____________ of surfaces.
(c) Friction produces __________.
(d) Sprinkling of powder on the carrom board ________ friction.
(e) Sliding friction is ___________ than the static friction.
Soln:
(a) Friction opposes the motion between the surfaces in contact with each other.
(b) Friction depends on the nature of surfaces.
(c) Friction produces heat.
(d) Sprinkling of powder on the carrom board reduces friction.
(e) Sliding friction is lesser than the static friction.
