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Friction Class8 Notes

Friction is a force opposing motion between surfaces in contact, arising from microscopic irregularities. It has various types including static, sliding, rolling, and fluid friction, each with distinct characteristics and examples. While friction is beneficial for activities like walking and braking, it can also cause wear and heat, and methods exist to both reduce and increase friction depending on the application.

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179 views3 pages

Friction Class8 Notes

Friction is a force opposing motion between surfaces in contact, arising from microscopic irregularities. It has various types including static, sliding, rolling, and fluid friction, each with distinct characteristics and examples. While friction is beneficial for activities like walking and braking, it can also cause wear and heat, and methods exist to both reduce and increase friction depending on the application.

Uploaded by

kudukuda41
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Complete Notes on Friction - Class 8

Friction: An Overview

- Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of motion between two surfaces in

contact.

- It acts parallel to the surfaces in contact.

- Friction can produce heat and slows down or stops moving objects.

Causes of Friction

- Friction arises due to the interlocking of irregularities on the surfaces in contact.

- Even smooth-looking surfaces have microscopic irregularities that cause friction.

Types of Friction

1. Static Friction:

- The frictional force acting on a stationary object.

- It prevents the object from starting to move.

- Example: Pushing a heavy box that does not move easily.

2. Sliding Friction:

- The force that opposes the motion of an object sliding over a surface.

- Example: A child sliding down a slide.

3. Rolling Friction:

- The force that opposes the motion of an object rolling over a surface.

- Example: A ball rolling on the ground.


4. Fluid Friction (Drag):

- The force that resists the motion of an object through a fluid (liquid or gas).

- Example: A boat moving in water.

Factors Affecting Friction

1. Nature of surfaces in contact (rougher surfaces cause more friction).

2. Normal force (greater weight increases friction).

3. Type of motion (rolling friction < sliding friction < static friction).

Advantages of Friction

- Helps in walking without slipping.

- Enables writing and drawing.

- Helps to stop vehicles using brakes.

Disadvantages of Friction

- Causes wear and tear of machinery.

- Produces unnecessary heat in machines.

- Reduces efficiency by opposing motion.

Methods to Reduce Friction

1. Polishing surfaces.

2. Using lubricants like oil or grease.

3. Using ball bearings.

4. Streamlining objects to reduce fluid friction.

Methods to Increase Friction

1. Making surfaces rough.


2. Using grooves on tires.

3. Using sand on slippery roads.

Applications of Friction

- Brakes in vehicles.

- Climbing a hill.

- Gripping tools or objects.

Interesting Facts about Friction

- Friction converts kinetic energy into heat.

- Friction is both a friend and a foe depending on its use.

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