ENERGY

SIMULATION
IN
BUILDING
DESIGN
Green Building

Defintion Key Principles

Uses less energy, water, natural
1. Energy Efficiency – Minimizes energy use with
resources
renewables & smart design.
Generates less waste
2. Water Conservation – Saves water via harvesting,
Healthier for people living in it
recycling & efficient fixtures.
Energy saved= 30-40% per day
3. Sustainable Materials – Uses recycled, local &
Enhanced indoor air quality, light
non-toxic resources.
and ventilation
4. Indoor Air Quality – Ensures fresh air, daylight &
Potable water saving upto 20-30%
toxin-free materials.
High productivity of occupants
5. Waste Reduction – Recycles
Minimum generation of non-
construction/demolition waste.
degradable waste
6. Site Sustainability – Eco-landscaping & heat island
Lower operating costs and increase
reduction.
asset value
Sustainable Materials Used In Building Construction

Definition
Sustainable materials in building construction are eco-friendly, resource-efficient, and socially responsible
materials that minimize environmental impact throughout their lifecycle—from extraction and manufacturing to
construction, use, and disposal/recycling

Purpose
Reduce Environmental Harm – Lower carbon emissions, energy use, and pollution.
Conserve Natural Resources – Use renewable, recycled, or abundantly available materials.
Promote Durability & Efficiency – Enhance building longevity and energy performance.
Support Health & Well-being – Minimize toxins and improve indoor air quality.
Encourage Circular Economy – Be reusable, recyclable, or biodegradable.
Certification Systems for Green Buildings:

1. LEED (Global Standard)

Developed by USGBC as international benchmark
Requires adaptation for:
Indian climate conditions
Local material availability
Preferred by multinational companies
Higher certification costs
2. GRIHA (India-Specific)
Government-backed system (TERI & MNRE)
Designed for:
Indian climatic zones
Public sector projects
Simplified procedures
Lower certification costs
3. IGBC (Tropical-Optimized)
CII-developed hybrid approach
Special features:
Monsoon-ready designs
Heat mitigation strategies
Common Local
Sustainable Materials

Rammed Earth Fly Ash Bricks

Natural temperature regulation (reduces AC
Made from 90% industrial waste
needs)
Saves 30% energy vs. clay bricks
Low-carbon, locally sourced material

Bamboo Terracotta Tiles

Grows 10x faster than timber Porous structure cools buildings naturally
Stronger than steel by weight 100% recyclable at end-of-life
 Case Study

CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre in Hyderabad

Location: Hyderabad
Site area: 4.5 acres
Built-up Area: 20,000 Sq.
ft
Architect: Ar. Karan
Grover
Building type:
Commercial office
building
Award: LEED Platinum
Rating
Green elements of CII Sohrabji Godrej:

Solar PV panels
A wind tower is a prominent element use to cool the
inside building and to improve indoor air quality.
More than 600 floras are replacing during
excavation, and all those are native trees and the
ones which are capable of adapting themselves
with that local climatic conditions.
Roof gardens
The traditional technique of rainwater harvesting
60% of the materials that used in this building are
recycled.
 Enforcing sustainable and passive design

Site preservation: Passive architecture:

Wind towers are generally a traditional technique to
This building is constructed by maintaining the natural
maintain the circulation of natural air inside the
elements and conditions of the site like topography,
building. This is basically, a tall tower with an opening
rocks, landscape, etc. 70% of the existing site
at the top to catch prevailing winds and bring it down
landscape is retained and the tress which are lopped
to cool the interior of the building.
during excavation are replanted inside the site itself

Jaali wall: Urban heat island

The heat island effect is controlled by using a greater
Jaali walls act us a screen wall also provides sufficient number of floras, and SRI tiles on roofs and roof
amount of natural ventilation and daylight inside the gardens.
building. This also performs aesthetically in the
building’s exterior. Huge trees are planting near the
Universal design concept
jaali wall to block and prevent the heat from direct
This building can easily accessible to physically
sunlight.
challenged and senior citizens. There is a separate
car parking space for them which is nearer to the
main entrance.
Water conservation and
wastewater treatment in CII
Sohrabji Godrej

As turfs consume more water, the site has less than 10%
of the turf area to conserve water. Drip systems and
sprinkler systems are used for the irrigation of turf and
plants. Therefore soil moisture sensors are installed
which automatically sense the moisture content in soil
and shut down the water supply to plants. 100% of
wastewater is recycled by the phytoremediation
technique. It is a natural remediation technique that
living plants are using to uptake the contaminants in
water through their roots.
 Materials
Energy efficient
Overview

Materials used in the construction of a building create a great

impact on the site as well as inside the building. The whole
building is made up of fly-ash bricks and cement. Fly ash is
nothing but industrial waste. For interiors, they used Argo boards
instead of plywood or wood. Agro boards are manufactured by
compressing sugarcane waste bagasse. 90% percentage of the
materials are transported and manufactured within a radius of 500
miles from the site. The entire site is a non-smoking area. Also, low-
volatile organic compound paints and adhesives are used. The
ceramic tiles used for flooring are of culets, broken tiles, paper, etc,
This building sets a milestone in green architecture and promotes
the green movement all over the world especially in India.
GREEN BUILDING TOUR CENTRAL COUNTYARD

The courtyards act as "light wells",

CENTRAL COUNTYARD. illuminating adjacent work areas.

ROOF GARDEN-PROTECTS HEAT PENITRATION, When this light is not sufficient, sensors
CUTS DOWN ISLAND EFFECT triggers the deployment of efficient
electric lights Dimmers automatically
HIGH PERFORMANCE GLAZING TO BRING IN control the illumination levels, turning
NATURAL LIGHT WHILE MINIMIZING HEAT the lights off when they are
INGRESS. unnecessary.

USAGE OF LIGHT GLAZING AND VISION Also, occupancy sensors prevent a light
GLAZING. from being switched on at an
unoccupied workstatoin
JALI WALL FOR BRINGING IN NATURAL LIGHT AS
WELL AS VENTILATION
 ROOF GARDEN DOUBLE GLAZED
GLASS

Absorbing heat and radiating it into the The double glazed glass will just allow
building This is minimized through the the diffused sunlight to pass through and
roof gardens covering 5.5" of the roof will radiate the solar radiation back. It is
Rain water harvesting located in the western direction because
Seepage into the ground have been the suns rays is highly radiant when it is
installed in setting.
Solar System Water System

Root way water treatment facility natural way of

treating the black and grey water
Zero water discharge building.
Waterless urinals.
Use of stearm water and recycled water for
irrigation.
waste water is treated by "Root zone treatment"
process.

HARVESTING OF SOLAR
ENERGY -20% OF THE
BUILDING.
THE SOLAR PV HAS AN
INSTALLED CAPACITY 23.5
KW.
AVERAGE GENERATION IS 100
125 UNITS PER DAY
 Wind System Day & Night Time

Ambient wind enters the wind tower from the top

opening.
Air is directed downward through the tower using
gravity and wind pressure.
Air passes over a moist surface or water-saturated
medium, initiating evaporative cooling.
Simultaneously, air comes in contact with cooler
underground surfaces, allowing sensible heat Day Time Night Time
transfer (air loses heat to the ground).
During night the reverse happens; due
The air temperature drops, but water vapour The hot ambient air enters the
to warm surface of wind tower and
content remains nearly unchanged. tower through the openings in
drop in temperature of ambient air
The cooled air is released into the building, the tower and is cooled, when it
due to buoyancy effect, warm air rises
enhancing thermal comfort. comes in contact with the cool
upwards. As a result, cooler ambient
This entire process works without mechanical tower and thus becomes heavier
air is sucked into the room through the
cooling, using natural ventilation and passive and sinks down. When an inlet
window. As a bye-product of this
design. is provided to the rooms with an
process, wind tower loses the heat that
outlet on the other side, there is a
was collected during the day time and
draft of cool air. After a whole of
it becomes ready for use in cold
heat exchange, the wind towers
condition up to the morning.
become warm in the evening
Materials used
1. Fly ash bricks
2. Agro boards
3. Low-VOC paints and adhesives
4. Ceramic tiles
5. Water-less urinals
6. Ultra-low and low-flow flush fixtures
7. Water-cooled scroll chiller
8. HFC-based refrigerant in chillers
9. Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs)
10. Compact Fluorescent Light bulbs (CFLs)
11. Green roofing materials (used in roof
garden)
12. Swale construction materials
13. Low-E or double-glazed glass
14. Shaded car park materials
 Fly ash bricks Low VOC paints

Fly ash is a byproduct of coal-fired power Low or Zero VOCs: Look for paints that are
stations, and other industrial wastes are labeled "low-VOC" or "zero-VOC." These
combined to make fly ash bricks formulations contain fewer harmful chemicals,
Robust: Fly ash bricks are ideal for constructing reducing indoor air pollution.
safe and solid buildings because of their Natural Ingredients: Some eco-friendly paints are
exceptional compressive strength and remarkable made from plant-based materials, natural
strength over time. pigments, and minerals, avoiding the harsh
Energy-efficient: Their special thermal qualities chemicals found in traditional paints.
help control interior temperature. Their natural Sustainable Packaging: Many eco-friendly brands
insulation keeps your house warmer in winters use recyclable packaging and focus on reducing
and colder in summers, requiring less energy for waste during production.
heating and cooling. Durability: High-quality eco-friendly paints are
Lightweight & Versatile: Fly ash bricks are lighter designed to last longer, meaning fewer repaints
than the normal clay bricks, which make handling over the years, which reduces waste and resource
and transportation 10 times easy use.
 Ceramic tiles Water-less urinals

They are highly sustainable and made of natural

materials that don’t harm the environment. They
To save water – They don’t use water for flushing.
are easily produced, can be recycled, and can
To reduce water bills – Less water means lower
be cleaned and maintained without toxic
costs.
chemicals
To protect the environment – Saves natural
Ceramic tiles are composed of natural clay that is
resources and reduces wastewater.
extracted straight from the earth and baked in a
To reduce maintenance – No flush valves or
kiln
water pipes to repair.
The expected lifespan of a ceramic tile is about
To prevent bad smells – Special traps block urine
50 years
odors.
To be useful in remote places – Ideal for areas
without water supply.
To save space – Compact and easy to install.
To support sustainable buildings – Used in eco-
friendly or green-certified buildings.
THANK
YOU