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QNX File Structure

The QNX file structure is a POSIX-compliant, hierarchical system starting from a root directory, with essential directories like /bin for user commands, /dev for device files, and /proc for process information. Unique features include dynamically created device files, a virtual file system for process info, and support for remote access through Qnet. Various file system types can be mounted, such as QNX6 for journaling and TMPFS for temporary storage.

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26 views3 pages

QNX File Structure

The QNX file structure is a POSIX-compliant, hierarchical system starting from a root directory, with essential directories like /bin for user commands, /dev for device files, and /proc for process information. Unique features include dynamically created device files, a virtual file system for process info, and support for remote access through Qnet. Various file system types can be mounted, such as QNX6 for journaling and TMPFS for temporary storage.

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File Structure in QNX

The file structure in QNX refers to how files, directories, devices, and services
are organized within its pathname space—which is similar to traditional Unix
systems but with powerful extensions due to its microkernel architecture.

Overview of QNX File Structure

QNX follows a POSIX-compliant, hierarchical file structure, starting from a single


root directory /.

Here's a typical QNX directory structure:

/
├── bin/ → Essential user commands
├── dev/ → Device files (e.g., disks, serial ports)
├── etc/ → Configuration files
├── home/ → User home directories
├── lib/ → Shared libraries
├── proc/ → Process information (similar to Linux /proc)
├── root/ → Superuser's home directory
├── sbin/ → System administration binaries
├── tmp/ → Temporary files (often in memory)
├── usr/ → User binaries, libraries, etc.
│ ├── bin/
│ ├── lib/
│ └── sbin/
├── var/ → Log files, spool directories
├── fs/ → Mounted file systems
├── net/ → Remote systems (via Qnet)
└── /mnt/ → Mount point for additional file systems

Key Directories in Detail


Directory Description
/ Root of the file system tree
/bin Essential user binaries
/sbin System binaries, often only needed by root
/dev Device files, e.g., /dev/ser1, /dev/hd0
/etc System configuration files
/home User home directories
/lib Essential shared libraries
/proc Virtual file system for process info
/tmp Temporary storage (often RAM-backed)
/usr Secondary hierarchy for user programs
/var Variable files (e.g., logs, spools)
/mnt Temporary mount points
/fs Mounted QNX file systems (e.g., /fs/qnx6)
/net Network-mounted directories from remote QNX systems

Special QNX Features in File Structure


1. /dev

Device files aren’t just static entries—they are dynamically created by


resource managers.

Examples:
/dev/ser1 — serial port

/dev/hd0 — first hard drive

/dev/null, /dev/random — standard pseudo-devices

2. /proc

Contains information about running processes.

You can access a process's memory, status, or environment through files like
/proc/1234/as.

3. /net

Part of QNX’s Qnet distributed networking.

Lets you access remote QNX systems transparently:

/net/192.168.1.10/dev/ser1 — serial port on a remote system

4. /fs

Holds mounted file systems (QNX6, FAT, etc.)

Example:

mount -t qnx6 /dev/hd0t79 /fs/qnx6

File System Types (Mounted in File Structure)


File System Mounted Under Used For
QNX6 (Power-Safe) /fs/qnx6 Reliable journaling file system
FAT (DOSFS) /fs/fat or /fs/usb0 USB drives, SD cards
ETFS /fs/etfs Flash-based storage
TMPFS /tmp Temporary, RAM-based
NFS /fs/nfs Network-mounted directories

Example Layout

/
├── dev/
│ ├── ser1
│ ├── hd0
│ └── null
├── etc/
│ └── system.conf
├── fs/
│ └── qnx6/
│ └── myfile.txt
├── net/
│ └── 192.168.1.12/
│ └── dev/
│ └── ser1
├── proc/
│ └── 1234/
│ └── as
├── tmp/
│ └── temp.txt
└── usr/
└── bin/
└── myapp

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