Form 5 Mathematics

Tingkatan 5 Matematik

Chapter 2 Matrices
Bab 2 Matriks

pg. 1
1. Complete the following table.
Lengkapkan jadual berikut.

Matrix Number of rows Number of columns Oder

Matriks Bilangan baris Bilangan lajur Peringkat

−3 0 2
(a) [−2 4 5] 3 3 3x3
1 −1 −1

3
(b) [−1]
4

4 −5
(c) [−1 −2]
6 −1

−2 7
(d) [ ]
0 −8

(e) [−5 0 1 −2]

−0.1 −0.2 0.7 0

(f) [ ]
0.4 0.1 0.3 0.5

2. List the elements of each of the following matrices.

Senaraikan unsur-unsur bagi setiap matriks berikut.

3 0 6 2 0 −3 5 1.0 1.5 4.2 0.2

(a) 𝐴 = [ 2 1 −3] (b) 𝐵 = [−1
1
−2 0
2
] (c) 𝐶 = [ 0 0.5 −2.1 0.3 ]
−1 5 4 −3.3 0.8 0 0.1
4 5 2 3
0.9 2.8 −1.0 0
a12 = a23 = b22 = b11 = c42 = c21 =
a31 = a33 = b24 = b34 = c44 = c43 =
a22 = a13 = b31 = b14 = c34 = c13 =
b13 = b32 = c14 = c32 =

3. Determine whether the following two matrices are equal. Give your reason.
Tentukan sama ada dua matriks berikut adalah sama atau tidak. Berikan sebab anda.

−2 3 −2 3 −1 −1
a) 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐵 = [ ] b) 𝐴 = [ 3 ] , 𝐵 = [ 3 ]
4 −1 4 −1
6 6

pg. 2
 −2 −3 −3 −2 −6 −3
c) 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐵 = [ ] d) 𝐴 = [
−6 −2 0
] , 𝐵 = [−2 0]
0 −1 −1 0 −3 0 −1
0 −1

4. State the values of p, q, r and s of each of the following if the given two matrices are equal.
Nyatakan nilai p, q, r dan s bagi setiap yang berikut jika kedua-dua matriks yang diberikan adalah sama.

6 −3 3𝑝 −3 (b) (c)
(a) 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐵 = [ ] 4+𝑝 6 1 4𝑝 2
−4 8𝑞 + 4 2𝑠 10
𝐺=[ 7 3 ], 𝑋=[9 3 −4],
3
4𝑠 −10 6𝑟 −3
2
10 5 + 2𝑞
𝐻 = [ 7𝑟 1 8 2
3 ]
𝑌 = [3𝑞 3 −4]
16 −10
12 5𝑠 − 3 −3

5. Calculate each of the following additions.

Hitung setiap penambahan berikut.

a) [
1 3
]+[
2 −4
] b) [6 1] + [2 −9] 5
c) [ ] + [
2
]
0 −8 9 3 2 −3

3 −1 3 −4 2 1 3 −2 7 −3 −4 8
d) [ ]+[ ]
2 −3 4 −2 e) [ 3 0 ] + [4 5] f) [2 −1] + [ 1 0]
−6 −7 1 −5 5 6 −5 −3

pg. 3
 2 −6 3 1 −1 5 7 −5 1 6 −6 1 7 0 1 4 6 −1
g) [ ]+[ ] h) [ ]+[ ] i) [−1
10 4 0 2 3 −4 11 3 2 3 5 0 −2 5 ] + [−1 8 −3]
2 3 −1 7 10 −5

6. Calculate each of the following subtractions.

Hitung setiap penolakan berikut.

a) [
7 1
]−[
2 3
] b) [
3 1
]−[ ] c) [5 6] − [3 −2]
−3 6 7 −5 −4 6

5 1 1 −4 −1 5 5 0 3 −2 −1 1
4 15 − e) [ ]−[ ] f) [ ]−[ ]
d) [ 12
8
]−[ 3
2
] 3 5 3 −4 1 −4 −4 −3 4 6
− 7 −8
5 5

9 0 3 5 2 −3 5 −1 10 8 7 0 4 −4
g) [−2 3] − [−1 2] h) [1 −5] − [−2 3] i) [−1 2 1] − [ 3 1 −5]
7 1 2 4 6 9 0 6 5 −1 9 −2 6 −1

7. Find the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦 for each of the following matrix equations.
Cari nilai 𝑥 dan 𝑦 bagi setiap persamaan matriks yang berikut.

a) [𝑥 −2] − [5 𝑦] = [−4 1] b) [𝑥 4 𝑦 + 2] + [−2 −5 6] = [0 −1 11]

pg. 4
 3 𝑥 −1 5 −1 0 8 −3 −1 4 3 1 𝑥 3 −2
c) [ ]+[ ]=[ ] d) [ ]−[ ]=[ ]
−4 5 6 𝑦 −9 −2 −2 −4 4 1 −2 − 𝑦 −4 −3 5 7

8. Calculate each of the following scalar multiplications.

Hitung setiap pendaraban skalar berikut.

1 16 0 −12 15 −25 10 16 2
1
a) [ ] b)
1
[−10 5 ] c) − [−4 4 −6]
4 4 −8 20 5 2
10 −20 1 −8 14

11 4 1 −2 −3 −4 f)
1 0 2 −1 −0.3 −1
d) [ ] + 5[ ] e) −2 [ ]+[ ] [ ] + (−1) [ ]
2 3 2 −1 3 2 −2 −4
−5 3 2 3

9. Calculate the values of 𝑥 and of 𝑦 for each of the following.

Hitung nilai 𝑥 dan 𝑦 bagi setiap yang berikut.

𝑥 −3 11 𝑥 −4 15
a) 4 [ ] − [ ] = [ ] b) [ ] − 3 [ ] = [ ]
−5 𝑦 −15 4 𝑦 −8

pg. 5
 2 𝑥 1
10 −7 𝑦 −2 6 −3 d) (−2) [𝑦 + 2] + [−7] = [−13]
c) [ ] − 2[ ]=[ ]
𝑥 −3 3 −3 −10 3 4
−2 8

10. Calculate the following multiplication of two matrices.

Hitung pendaraban dua matriks berikut.

−2 5
a) [ ] [−4 1] b) [4 −1] [ ]
3 −6

6 −3 4
2 5 d) [ ][ ]
c) [3 1] [ ] 2 5 −2
−1 3

3 −4 0 2
0 8 2 −3 f) [ ][ ]
e) [ ][ ] 6 2 −4 5
6 1 7 3

1 −1 4 2
3 h) [6 5 −2] [−9]
1 8 −4
g) [ ] [−5]
3 −1 2 4 −7 3 3
−1

pg. 6
11. Calculate the values of 𝑥 and of 𝑦 of each of the following.
Hitung nilai 𝑥 dan 𝑦 bagi setiap yang berikut.

𝑥 −3 11 𝑥 −4 15
a) 4 [ ] − [ ] = [ ] b) [ ] − 3 [ ] = [ ]
−5 𝑦 −15 4 𝑦 −8

3 −4] = [6 3 −12
−2 d) [ ] [2 𝑦 ]
c) [ ] [𝑦 3] = [ 4 −6
] 𝑥 8 4 −16
𝑥 −10 15

7 𝑥 -1 y 11 11
−3 2 f) [ ][ ]=[ ]
e) [𝑥 2] [ 5 ] = [19 −8] −4 2 -3 4 −2 −12
𝑦

12. Calculate the values of 𝑥 and of 𝑦 of each of the following.

Hitung nilai 𝑥 dan 𝑦 bagi setiap yang berikut.

−3 1 1 0 5 3 1 0
a) 𝑃 = [ ], 𝑄 = [ ] b) 𝑃 = [ ], 𝑄 = [ ]
2 7 0 1 −4 6 0 1

5 4 −1 0
c) 𝑃 = [ ], 𝑄 = [ ]
−2 −3 − 1

pg. 7
 3 −2 6 −4
13. Given E = [ ] and 𝐹 = [ ], calculate each of the following.
−1 4 5 −2
3 −2 6 −4
Diberi 𝐸 = [ ] dan 𝐹 = [ ], hitung setiap yang berikut.
−1 4 5 −2

a) 𝐸 + 𝐹𝐼 b) 𝐼(𝐸 − 𝐹) c) 𝐼𝐹 − 𝐼𝐸

14. Determine whether B is the inverse matrix of matrix A.

Tentukan sama ada B ialah matriks songsang bagi matriks A.

3 −1 2 1 2 −1
a) 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐵 = [ ] b) 𝐴 = [
3 2
] , 𝐵 = [− 5 3 ]
−5 2 5 3 5 4 2 2

5 3 −5 −2
1 d) 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐵 = [ ]
−3 1 −1 − −2 6 3 −6
c) 𝐴 = [ ], 𝐵 = [ 2
3]
4 −2 −2 −
2

15. Determine whether each of the following matrices has inverse matrix.
Tentukan sama ada setipa matriks berikut mempunyai matriks songsang atau tidak.

8 5 2 −3 8 −4
a) [ ] b) [ ] c) [ ]
7 6 3 4 4 −2

pg. 8
16. Calculate the inverse matrix of each of the following matrices.
Hitung matriks songsang bagi setiap matriks yang berikut.

3 0 −3 4 6 1
a) 𝑅 = [ ] b) 𝐿 = [ ] c) 𝑀 = [ ]
−1 2 5 −5 13 2

7 2 1 −2 3 −4
d) 𝐵 = [ ] e) 𝑆 = [ ] f) 𝐷 = [ ]
5 2 6 3 5 −6

17. Calculate the value of m if each of the following matrices does not have an inverse matrix.
Hitung nilai m jika setiap matriks yang berikut tidak mempunyai matriks songsang.

𝑚 −3 4 −2 𝑚 5
a) [ ] b) [ ] c) [ ]
2 1 𝑚 −5 -2 4

18. Solve
Selesaikan.

4 6 1 0 3 2 1 0
a) Given 𝐴 [ ]=[ ]. Find the matrix A. b) Given 𝐴 [ ]=[ ]. Find the matrix A.
3 4 0 1 9 5 0 1
4 6 1 0 3 2 1 0
Diberi 𝐴 [ ]=[ ]. Cari matriks A. Diberi 𝐴 [ ]=[ ]. Cari matriks A.
3 4 0 1 9 5 0 1

pg. 9
19. Solve
Selesaikan.

a. 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 10 b. 6𝑥 − 𝑦 = 16 c. 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 4
8𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 11 7𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 25 6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 20

d. 4𝑥 − 𝑦 = −11 e. −3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −8
−𝑥 + 13𝑦 = −13 𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 6

20. Solve the following simultaneous linear equations using matrix method.
Selesaikan persamaan linear serentak berikut menggunakan kaedah matriks.

a. 4𝑥 + 𝑦 = −5 b. 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 13
7𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −8 𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 9

c. −2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 16 d. 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 12
5𝑥 + 4𝑦 = −14 𝑥−𝑦=5

e. 7𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 18 f. 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 5
8𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 17 4𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 13

pg. 10
20. Solve each of the following.
Selesaikan setiap yang berikut.

a. Haechan buys 5 plates of fried rice and 4 b. A bookshop sells three books and four pens
plates of fried noodle with the price of RM32. at the price of RM26. Given that the price
The difference of price between two plates of of a book is RM4 more expensive than the
fried rice and a plate of fried noodle is RM5. price of a pen.
Sebuah kedai buku menjual tiga buah buku dan empat
Haechan membeli 5 pinggan nasi goreng dan 4 pinggan mi
batang pen pada harga RM26. Diberi bahawa harga
goreng dengan harga RM32. Beza harga antara dua pinggan
sebuah buku ialah RM4 lebih mahal daripada harga
nasi goreng dengan sepinggan mi goreng ialah RM5.
sebatang pen.
(i) Write the simultaneous linear equations that (i) Write the simultaneous linear equations
represent the situation above. That represent the situation above.
Tulis persamaan linear serentak yang mewakili situasi di atas.
represent the situation above.
(ii) Calculate the price, in RM, of a plate of fried Tulis persamaan linear serentak yang mewakili situasi di
atas.
rice and a plate of fried noodle.
Hitung harga, dalam RM, bagi sepinggan nasi goreng dan
(ii) Calculate the prices, in RM, of a book and a
sepinggan
mi goreng. pen.
Hitung harga, dalam RM, bagi sebuah buku dan sebatang pen.

c. In a study tour, the participation fees charged d. YeJi buys 10 pens and 5 erasers for RM26.
for a teacher and a pupil are RM70 and RM50 The difference of price between an eraser
respectively. The total number of teachers and and a pen is RM0.70. Calculate the price of a
pupils who joined is 40 and the total of pen and the price of an eraser.
participation fee paid is RM2 200. YeJi membeli 10 batang pen dan 5 biji pemadam dengan
Dalam suatu lawatan sambal belajar, bayaran penyertaan harga RM26. Perbezaan harga antara sebiji pemadam
yang dikenakan kepada seorang guru dan seorang murid dan sebatang pen dan sebiji pemadam.
masing-masing ialah RM70 dan RM50. Jumlah guru dan
murid yang menyertai ialah 40 orang dan jumlah bayaran
penyertaan yang dibayar ialah RM2 200.

(i) Write the simultaneous linear equations that

represent the situation above.
Tulis persamaan linear serentak yang mewakili situasi di atas.

(i) Write the simultaneous linear equations that

represent the situation above.
Tulis persamaan linear serentak yang mewakili situasi di atas.

pg. 11
 e. The diagram below shows a bicycle and a f. Leslie buys some blouses and skirts. The
tricycle. number of blouses is 3 less than skirt. Given
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah basikal dan sebuah that the number of blouses and skirts is 13,
basikal roda tiga. calculate the number of blouses and skirts.
Leslis membeli beberapa helai blaus dan skirt. Bilangan
blaus adalah 3 helai kurang daripada bilangan skirt.
Diberi jumlah bilangan blaus dan skirt ialah 13, hitung
bilangan skirt.

Calculate the number of bicycles and tricycles if

there are 70 pedals and 85 tyres.

g. In a study tour, the participation fees charged h. The diagram shows a rectangle PQRS.
for a teacher and a pupil are RM70 and RM50 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebuah segi empat tepat
PQRS.
respectively. The total number of teachers and
pupils who joined is 40 and the total of
participation fee paid is RM2 200.
Dalam suatu lawatan sambal belajar, bayaran penyertaan
yang dikenakan kepada seorang guru dan seorang murid
masing-masing ialah RM70 dan RM50. Jumlah guru dan
murid yang menyertai ialah 40 orang dan jumlah bayaran
penyertaan yang dibayar ialah RM2 200. Given that width of the rectangle is 4 cm
shorter than length and the perimeter of
(i) Write the simultaneous linear equations that
the rectangle is 32 cm.
represent the situation above.
Diberi bahawa lebar bagi segi empat tepat ialah 4 cm
Tulis persamaan linear serentak yang mewakili situasi di atas.
lebih penek daripada panjangnya dan perimeter segi
empat teoat itu ialah 32 cm.
(ii) Calculate the number of teacher and pupils
who joined the study tour (i) Write the simultaneous linear equations
.Hitung bilangan orang guru dan murid yang menyertai
that represent the situation above.
lawatan sambal belajar tersbut.
Tulis persamaan linear serentak yang mewakili situasi di
atas.

(ii) Calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

Hitung nilai 𝑥 dan nilai 𝑦.

pg. 12
 PT3 Standard Practice

Paper 1 Kertas 1

8 −1
1. If the inverse matrix does not exist for [ ]. Calculate the value of x.
𝑥 2
8 −1
Jika tidak wujud matriks songsang bagi [ ]. Hitung nilai x.
𝑥 2

A -16 B -4 C 4 D 16

2. Given 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑅 where 𝑃 is a 2 × 3 matrix and 𝑄 is a 𝑚 × 4. State the possible value of m.

Diberi 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑅 dengan 𝑃 ialah matriks 2 × 3 dan Q ialah matriks 𝑚 × 4. Nyatakan nilai 𝑚 yang mungkin

A 2 B 3 C 6 D 8

−2 5 3 6
3. 𝑃 + [ ]=[ ]
3 1 2 0
Find matrix P.
Cari matriks P.

1 11 −1 11 −5 −1 5 1
A [ ] B [ ] C [ ] D [ ]
3 1 5 1 1 1 −1 −1

2
15 0 1 −
4. Given [ ] − 2𝑄 = 5 [ 5]. Find matrix Q.
8 −7 4 −5
2
15 0 1 −
Diberi [ ] − 2𝑄 = 5 [ 5]. Cari matriks Q.
8 −7 4 −5

−5 1 5 −1 5 1 10 −1
A [ ] B [ ] C [ ] D [ ]
−6 −9 −6 9 −6 9 14 −16

3 0 3 −2
5. [ ][ ]=
−2 1 1 3
9 −6 9 −6 9 −6 9 −6
A [ ] B [ ] C [ ] D [ ]
−5 1 −5 7 5 1 5 7

6. The selling prices of a dictionary and a calculator in a stationary shop are RM45 and RM34.40 respectively.
Puan Faridah bought 5 dictionary and 4 calculators for RM 𝑥. Puan Siti bought 6 5 dictionary and 7
calculators for RM 𝑦. Which of the following is the correct method to calculate the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦?
Harga jual sebuah kamus dan sebuah kalkulator di sebuah kedai buku masing-masing ialah RM45 dan RM34.40. Puan Faridah membeli

5 buah kamus dan 4 buah kalkulator pada harga RM 𝑥. Puan Siti membeli 6 buah kamus dan 7 buah kalkulator pada harga RM 𝑦.Antara

berikut, yang manakah kaedah yang betul untuk menghitung nilai 𝑥 dan 𝑦?

5 6 45.00 𝑥 5 6 34.00 𝑥
A [ ][ ] = [𝑦 ] C [ ][ ] = [𝑦 ]
4 7 34.40 4 7 45.40
5 4 45.00 𝑥 5 4 34.00 𝑥
B [ ][ ] = [𝑦] D [ ][ ] = [𝑦]
6 7 34.40 6 7 45.40

7. Given that M is a matrix 2 × 2 and

Diberi bahawa M ialah matriks 2 × 2 dan
1 𝑟 −6
𝑀−1 = [ ]
(4)(−3) − (6)(1) 𝑠 4

pg. 13
 Find the value of 𝑟 and of 𝑠. Cari nilai 𝑟 dan nilai 𝑠.

A 𝑟 = −3, 𝑠 = −1 C 𝑟 = 3, 𝑠 = −1

B 𝑟 = −3, 𝑠 = 1 D 𝑟 = 3, 𝑠 = 1

3 −1 −5 −6 −10 1
8. 2 [ ] − 3[ ]+[ ]=
5 4 2 4 9 −8
11 −19 11 17
A [ ] C [ ]
13 −12 13 −12
11 5 11 −18
B [ ] D [ ]
13 −4 13 −16

3 −4 1 −1 𝑞
9. Given that the inverse matrix of [ ] is [ ]. Find the value of pq.
5 −1 𝑝 −5 3
3 −4 1 −1 𝑞
Diberi matriks songsang bagi [ ] ialah [ ]. Cari nilai pq.
5 −1 𝑝 −5 3

A -92 B 68 C 68 D 92

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Paper 2 / Kertas 2
4 3
1. (a) Find the inverse matrix of [ ].
8 11
4 3
Cari matriks songsang bagi [ ].
8 11

(b) There are two types of packaging of pens in a book shop. Packaging A has 4 red pens and 3 blue pens
and the selling price is RM4, Packaging B has 8 red pens and 11 blue pens and the selling price is RMII
By using matrix method, find the prices, in RM, of red pen and a blue pen.
Terdapat dua jenis bungkusan pen di sebuah kedai buku. Bungkusan A ada 4 batang pen merah dan 3 batang pen biru dan harga
jual ialah RM4. Bungkusan B ada 8 batang pen merah dan I1 batang pen biru dan harga jual ialah RMI1. Dengan menggunakan
kaedah matriks, cari harga, dalam RM, sebatang pen merah dan sebatang pen biru.

pg. 14
2. Puan Tan buys 3 reams of A4 paper and 2 reams of A3 paper for RM42 while Puan Kamala buys 2 reams
of A4 paper and 5 reams of A3 paper for RM61. By using the matrix method, calculate the price, in RM,
of a ream of A4 paper and of a ream of A3 paper.
Puan Tan membeli 3 rim kertas A4 dan 2 rim SPM kertas A3 pada harga RM42 manakala Puan 2017 Kamala membeli 2 rim kertas A4
dan 5 rim kertas A3 pada harga RM61. Dengan menggunakan kaedah matriks, hitung harga, dalam RM, bagi satu rim kertas A4 dan
satu rim kertas A3.

4 5 𝑥 −7
3. Given that [ ][ ] = [ ], calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.
3 −1 𝑦 −10
4 5 x −7
Diberi [ ][ ] = [ ], hitung nilai x dan nilai y.
3 −1 y −10

3 −4
4. (a) Find the inverse matrix of [ ].
5 −8
3 −4
Cari matriks songsang bagi [ ].
5 −8

(b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations in matrix form.

Tulis persamaan linear serentak berikut dalam bentuk matriks.
3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 7
5𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 11
Hence, using matrix method, calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.
Seterusynya, dengan menggunakan kaedah matriks, hitung nilai 𝑥 dan nilai 𝑦.

pg. 15
 5 −3 −1 𝑏 𝑙 0
5. (a) Given that 𝑆 = [ ], 𝑇 = 𝑎 [ ] and 𝑙 = [ ]. Find the value of 𝑎 and 𝑏 if 𝑆𝑇 = 𝑙.
2 −1 −2 5 0 1
5 −3 −1 𝑏 𝑙 0
Diberi 𝑆 = [ ], 𝑇 = 𝑎 [ ] dan 𝑙 = [ ]. Cari nilai 𝑎 dan nilai 𝑏 jika 𝑆𝑇 = 𝑙.
2 −1 −2 5 0 1

(b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations in matrix form.

Tulis persamaan linear serentak berikut dalam bentuk matriks.
5𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 1
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5
Hence, calculate the values of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.
Seterusynya, hitung nilai 𝑥 dan nilai 𝑦.

6. A factory distributes stock orders of suugar and flour to Pasar Raya Tulip and Pasar Raya Orkid. Pasar
Raya Tulip receives 5 boxes of sugar and 6 bOxes of flour with the total of 200 packets. Pasar Raya
Orkid receiues 7 boxes of sugar and 4 boxes of flour with the total of 1 240 packets. Calculate the
number of packets of sugar and the number of packets of flour in each box.
Sebuah kilang mengedarkan tempahan stok gula SPM dan tepung kepada Pasar Raya Tulip dan Pasar 2019 Raya Orkid. Pasar Raya
Tulip menerima 5 kotak gula dan 6 kotak tepung dengan jumlah peket ialah 1 200. Pasar Raya Orkid menerima 7 kotak gula dan 4
kotak tepung dengan jumlah peket ialah I 240. Hitung bilangan peket gula dan bilangan peket tepung dalam setiap kotak.

pg. 16