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Numerical Methods Summary

Numerical methods are techniques for finding approximate solutions to mathematical problems that cannot be solved analytically, commonly used in engineering and applied sciences. Key methods include root-finding techniques, interpolation, numerical differentiation, numerical integration, and solving ordinary differential equations. These methods are essential in various applications such as structural analysis, fluid dynamics, and optimization.

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62 views1 page

Numerical Methods Summary

Numerical methods are techniques for finding approximate solutions to mathematical problems that cannot be solved analytically, commonly used in engineering and applied sciences. Key methods include root-finding techniques, interpolation, numerical differentiation, numerical integration, and solving ordinary differential equations. These methods are essential in various applications such as structural analysis, fluid dynamics, and optimization.

Uploaded by

Lopoe Miyao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Numerical Methods - Summary

Introduction
Numerical methods are techniques used to find approximate solutions to mathematical problems
that cannot be solved analytically. They are widely used in engineering, physics, and applied
sciences.

Root-Finding Methods
These are used to solve equations f(x) = 0.
- Bisection Method: Iteratively divides an interval until the root is found.
- Newton-Raphson Method: Uses tangent lines for fast convergence.
- Secant Method: Similar to Newton’s method but does not require derivative.

Interpolation
Interpolation is used to estimate values between known data points.
- Newton’s Interpolation: Uses divided differences.
- Lagrange Interpolation: Constructs a polynomial through given points.

Numerical Differentiation
Approximates the derivative of a function using finite differences. Example: f’(x) ≈ (f(x+h) – f(x)) / h.

Numerical Integration
Approximates the definite integral of a function.
- Trapezoidal Rule: Approximates area under curve using trapezoids.
- Simpson’s Rule: Uses parabolic arcs for better accuracy.

Solving Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs)


Numerical methods approximate solutions to ODEs.
- Euler’s Method: Step-by-step approximation.
- Runge-Kutta Methods: More accurate methods using weighted averages of slopes.

Applications
Numerical methods are applied in structural analysis, fluid dynamics, optimization, and computer
simulations where exact solutions are not possible.

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