Designation: A322 – 07
Standard Specification for
Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
1.1 This specification covers hot-wrought alloy steel bars. Unified Numbering System (UNS)
Bar applications include forging, heat treating, cold drawing, 3. Ordering Information
machining and many structural components (Note 1).
3.1 Orders under this specification should include the fol-
NOTE 1—A guide for the selection of steel bars is contained in Practice lowing as required to describe adequately the desired material:
A400.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of bars),
1.2 The bars shall be furnished in the grades specified in 3.1.2 Name of material (hot-wrought alloy steel bars),
Table 1. Sections and sizes of bar steel available are covered in 3.1.3 Dimensions,
Specification A29/A29M. Hot-wrought alloy steel bars are 3.1.4 ASTM designation,
produced in cut lengths and coils; the manufacturer should be 3.1.5 Deoxidation practice (see 5.3),
consulted regarding sections and sizes available in coils, 3.1.6 Grade designation or chemical composition limits (see
produced to a chemical composition. 6.1 and Table 1),
1.3 Some applications may require superior surface quality, 3.1.7 Grain size if required,
or special chemical restrictions, metallurgical characteristics, 3.1.8 Test reports, if required (Section 8),
heat treatment, or surface finishes which the purchaser may 3.1.9 Additions to the specification and Supplementary
obtain by designating one or more of the available Supplemen- Requirements, if required, and
tary Requirements. 3.1.10 Application.
2. Referenced Documents 4. General Requirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for Specification A29/A29M, unless otherwise provided herein.
A304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject
to End-Quench Hardenability Requirements 5. Materials and Manufacture
A400 Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composi- 5.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following
tion, and Mechanical Properties primary processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size furnace. The primary melting may incorporate separate degas-
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting
Blooms, and Forgings using electro-slag remelting or vacuum arc remelting. Where
secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all
of the cast product remelted from a single primary heat.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 5.2 The steel shall be furnished as strand cast or ingot cast,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee unless otherwise specified.
A01.15 on Bars.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally 5.2.1 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made to secure
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A322 – 06. DOI: freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation.
10.1520/A0322-07.
2
5.3 Deoxidation—Killed steel is required.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3.1 The purchaser may designate that the steel be made to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on coarse or fine austenitic grain size. (See Supplementary Re-
the ASTM website. quirement S9 or S10.)
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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A322 – 07
5.4 Slow Cooling—Immediately after hot forming, the bars 6. Chemical Composition
shall be allowed to cool to a temperature below the critical
6.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirements for
range under suitable conditions to prevent imperfections
chemical composition in Table 1 for the grade specified.
caused by too rapid cooling.
5.5 Thermal Treatment—Various thermal treatments such as
annealing, stress relief, quench and temper, normalize, etc., are
available. Such treatments must be specified as a Supplemen-
tary Requirement.
TABLE 1 Grade Designations and Chemical Compositions of Hot-Wrought Alloy Steel BarsA,B
UNS GradeD Chemical Composition, Ranges and Limits, %
DesignationC Designations
Carbon Manganese Phospho- Sulfur,E SiliconF Nickel Chromium Molybdenum
rus, max max
G13300 1330 0.28–0.33 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
G13350 1335 0.33–0.38 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
G13400 1340 0.38–0.43 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
G13450 1345 0.43–0.48 1.60–1.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... ...
G40230 4023 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
G40240 4024 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.035– 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
0.050
G40270 4027 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
G40280 4028 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.035– 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
0.050
G40370 4037 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 .. ... 0.20–0.30
G40470 4047 0.45–0.50 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... ... 0.20–0.30
G41180 4118 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 0.08–0.15
G41200 0.18–0.23 0.90–1.20 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 0.13–0.20
G41210 0.18–0.23 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.45–0.65 0.20–0.30
G41300 4130 0.28–0.33 0.40–0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41370 4137 0.35–0.40 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41400 4140 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41420 4142 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41450 4145 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41470 4147 0.45–0.50 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41500 4150 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15–0.25
G41610 4161 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 0.25–0.35
G43200 4320 0.17–0.22 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
G43400 4340 0.38–0.43 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
G43406 E4340 0.38–0.43 0.65–0.85 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 0.70–0.90 0.20–0.30
G46150 4615 0.13–0.18 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
G46200 4620 0.17–0.22 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
G46210 4621 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 1.65–2.00 ... 0.20–0.30
G46260 4626 0.24–0.29 0.45–0.65 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.70–1.00 ... 0.15–0.25
G47150 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.70–1.00 0.45–0.65 0.45–0.60
G47200 4720 0.17–0.22 0.50–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.90–1.20 0.35–0.55 0.15–0.25
G48150 4815 0.13–0.18 0.40–0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30
G48170 4817 0.13–0.20 0.40–0.60 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30
G48200 4820 0.18–0.23 0.50–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 3.25–3.75 ... 0.20–0.30
G51170 5117 0.15–0.20 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G51200 5120 0.17–0.22 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G51300 5130 0.28–0.33 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 ...
G51320 5132 0.30–0.35 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.75–1.00 ...
G51350 5135 0.33–0.38 0.60–0.80 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.05 ...
G51400 5140 0.38–0.43 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G51500 5150 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G51550 5155 0.51–0.59 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G51600 5160 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G51986 E51100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 0.90–1.15 ...
G52986 E52100 0.98–1.10 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.025 0.15–0.35 ... 1.30–1.60 ...
Vanadium
G61180 6118 0.16–0.21 0.50–0.70 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.50–0.70 0.10–0.15
G61500 6150 0.48–0.53 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.80–1.10 0.15 min
Molybdenum
G86150 8615 0.13–0.18 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86170 8617 0.15–0.20 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86200 8620 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.04 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86220 8622 0.20–0.25 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86250 8625 0.23–0.28 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86270 8627 0.25–0.30 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86300 8630 0.28–0.33 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86370 8637 0.35–0.40 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
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A322 – 07
TABLE 1 Continued
D
UNS Grade Chemical Composition, Ranges and Limits, %
DesignationC Designations
Carbon Manganese Phospho- Sulfur,E SiliconF Nickel Chromium Molybdenum
rus, max max
G86400 8640 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86420 8642 0.40–0.45 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86450 8645 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G86550 8655 0.51–0.59 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.15–0.25
G87200 8720 0.18–0.23 0.70–0.90 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
G87400 8740 0.38–0.43 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.20–0.30
G88220 8822 0.20–0.25 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.40–0.70 0.40–0.60 0.30–0.40
G92590 9259 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.70–1.10 ... 0.45–0.65 ...
G92600 9260 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 1.80–2.20 ... ... ...
Standard Boron SteelsG
G50441 50B44 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.60 ...
G50461 50B46 0.44–0.49 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.20–0.35 ...
G50501 50B50 0.48–0.53 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
G50601 50B60 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.40–0.60 ...
G51601 51B60 0.56–0.64 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 ... 0.70–0.90 ...
G81451 81B45 0.43–0.48 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.20–0.40 0.35–0.55 0.08–0.15
G94171 94B17 0.15–0.20 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
G94301 94B30 0.28–0.33 0.75–1.00 0.035 0.040 0.15–0.35 0.30–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.08–0.15
A
Small quantities of certain elements are present in alloy steels which are not specified or required. These elements are considered as incidental and may be present
to the following maximum amounts: copper 0.35 %, nickel 0.25 %, chromium 0.20 %, and molybdenum 0.06 %.
B
Standard alloy steels can be produced with a lead range of 0.15 to 0.35 %. Such steels are identified by inserting the letter “L” between the second and third numerals
of the number, that is, 41L40. A cast or heat analysis is not determinable when lead is added to the ladle stream.
C
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527.
D
Grade designations correspond to the respective AISI and SAE designations. Grade compositions correspond to the respective AISI compositions.
E
Where minimum and maximum sulfur contents are shown, it is indicative of resulfurized steel.
F
Silicon may be specified by the purchaser as 0.10 % maximum. The need for 0.10 % maximum generally relates to severely cold-formed parts.
G
These steels can be expected to contain 0.0005 to 0.003 % boron. If the usual titanium additive is not permitted, the steels can be expected to contain up to 0.005 %
boron.
6.2 The composition of the steel furnished under this 8. Certification and Test Reports
specification may be other than listed in Table 1 when agreed 8.1 When specified by the purchaser, a manufacturer’s
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser as out-lined certification that the material was manufactured and tested in
in Specification A29/A29M (Table on Heat Analysis Chemical accordance with this specification, together with a report of the
Ranges and Limits of Alloy Steel Bars). cast or heat analysis test results for the specified elements, shall
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance be furnished. The report shall include the name of the manu-
7.1 Workmanship—The bars shall be free of pipe, cracks, facturer, ASTM designation and year date and revision letter, if
and flakes. Within the limits of good manufacturing and any, type and grade, heat number, and size.
inspection practices, the bars shall be free of injurious seams, 8.2 When Supplementary Requirements are specified, the
laps, segregation, or other imperfections which due to their report shall include a statement of compliance with the
nature, degree, or extent, will interfere with the use of the requirement of the results of tests when the requirement
material in machining or fabrication of suitable parts. involves measured test values.
7.2 Descaling—When descaled bars are required, Supple-
mentary Requirement S12 on Pickling or S13 on Cleaning 9. Keywords
must be specified. 9.1 alloy steel bars; hot-wrought steel bars; steel bars
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A322 – 07
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
One or more of the following Supplementary Requirements shall apply when specified by the
purchaser.
S1. Axle Shaft Quality S6. Annealing
S1.1 Axle shaft quality applies to hot-rolled steel bars S6.1 The steel shall be furnished annealed.
intended for the manufacture of power-driven axle shafts of the
automotive or truck type, which by their design or method of S7. Spheroidize Annealing
manufacture are not machined all over or have less than S7.1 The steel shall be spheroidize annealed.
recommended stock removed for the proper clean-up of normal
surface imperfections. S8. Stress Relieving
S8.1 The steel shall be stress relieved by heating to a
S2. Ball and Roller Bearing Quality and Bearing Quality temperature specified by the purchaser or to a temperature
S2.1 This quality applies to steel intended for antifriction selected by the manufacturer.
bearings.
S9. Grain Size (Coarse)
S3. Cold Shearing Quality S9.1 The steel shall conform to the coarse austenitic grain
S3.1 When the bar size exceeds certain limits, it is recom- size requirement of Specification A29/A29M.
mended that cold shearing quality steel be ordered. This quality
will provide characteristics which permit cold shearing without S10. Grain Size (Fine)
cracking. The producer should be consulted in establishing the S10.1 The steel shall be killed and shall have austenitic
proper practice. grain size of 5 and finer (fine grain), to be determined in
accordance with the comparison procedure in Test Methods
S4. Cold Working Quality E112. The grain structure shall be considered satisfactory when
S4.1 This classification encompasses bars subject to severe a minimum of the rated grains are 70 % within the specified
cold plastic deformation such as, but not limited to, upsetting, size limits.
heading, forging, forward or backward extrusion.
S4.2 If the type of steel or chemical composition does not S11. Special Straightness
have adequate cold working characteristics, appropriate ther- S11.1 The bars shall be produced with special straightness
mal treatments should be specified. (see Specification A29/A29M for tolerances).
S4.3 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified, the
bars shall be produced by manufacturing practices and sub- S12. Pickling
jected to mill tests and inspection and freedom from injurious S12.1 The surface of the bars shall be descaled by pickling.
surface imperfections to the extent that the bars shall be
suitable for the manufacture of identified parts. The quality S13. Cleaning
requirements of individual application vary. S13.1 The surface of the bars shall be descaled by blast
cleaning or other mechanical methods.
S5. Aircraft Quality or Magnaflux Quality
S5.1 These quality designations apply to alloy steels for S14. Coating
important or highly stressed parts of aircraft and for other S14.1 The bars shall be oiled, limed, or phosphate-coated as
similar or corresponding purposes involving additional strin- specified by the purchaser. The purchaser shall also specify the
gent requirements, such as magnetic particle inspection, addi- method of cleaning (Supplementary Requirement S12 or S13);
tional discard, macroetch tests (see Method E381), and hard- otherwise, the bars shall be descaled by pickling or blasting at
enability control (see Specification A304). the manufacturer’s option.
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A322 – 07
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (A322 – 06)
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2007.)
(1) Updated Section 5.
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