MA T LA B

:
97 . 3 .0
97 . RAM
. RAM .

: ssljk07
E- mail : m atlab @lov ean gel.net

: , , MAT LAB ,
http :/ / m atlabschool.com [MAT LAB ]
 : 10 0
: 200 1 10 6 ( ) ~ 10 7 ( )
: ( )
: 10 ~ 6 (12 ~ 1 , )
: MATLAB
( 80% - 18 ,0 0 0 14 ,4 0 0 )
: 5 2 /

: ( 4 , 7 ), ( 5 , 9 )
: , .
: http :/ / ma tla b s c ho o l.c o m/ s e m ina r.htm l

(10 6 )
1. ma tla b ove rview
2 . ma tla b .
3 . M file .
4 . Ma tla b .
5. G UI p ro g ra m m ing

(10 7 )
1. Ha nd le G ra p hic s s ys te m .
2 . Ce ll a nd s truc t d a ta ty p e .
3. G UI P ro g ra m m ing .

MATLAB 5 . x , 6.x .
.
M A T LA B

. M- file :

, M - file , M - file pro g ram m in g .I

.

1. input :

(sy nt ax ) : in pu t .m
(a ) "R =in p u t ( 'p rom p t ' , 's ' )"
"in pu t .m " , pro m pt ' strin g ,
.
,
R .
, .
(b ) "R =in p u t ( 'p rom p t ' )"
"in pu t .m " , pro m pt ' strin g ,
.
b a s e w ork sp ace
R .

:
x =2; y =3 ;
R =in pu t ( ' ! ' ,' s ' )
! test

R =

t est

R =in pu t ( ' ! ')

! x +y

R =

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 M A T LA B

, "in pu t .m " , , R =in pu t ( 'pro m pt ' ) ,

p rom pt M - files , .
, M - files p rom pt , in p u t .m
. R =in pu t ( 'p rom pt ' , 's ' )
(form at ) !

[ 18] (n um eric set ) ( , (ev ent ))

[ 2- 39] .
T =[2 0 7 7 9 4 5 8 0 1 5 7 0 4 1 4 7 6 9 8] .

[ 2- 39] [ 18]

[ 2- 39] di s p .m
. , (a s cen din g or der )
. , . m atlab
s o rt .m . .

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M A T LA B

(sy n tax ) : s o rt .m
(a ) Y =s ort (X )
X (a scen din g order ) .
(b ) [Y , I] =s ort (X )
X (a scen din g order ) ,
X I .

:
X =[2 4 3 1];
[Y , I]=sort (X )
Y =

1 2 3 4 % X

I =

4 1 3 2 % X

, , X , (colu m n ) ,
, X , . ,
[ 18] M - file .

, T ,
(fun ction m ode M - file ) [ 2- 39]
(form at ) M - file (script m ode M - file ), M - file
.

script m ode M - file fun ction m ode M - file M - file

.

, function m ode M - file [ 2- 40a] .

c s ort .m .

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 M A T LA B

f u n c t i o n d = c s o r t (T )
%
%CSORT T .
%
% 1993 . 8 . 4 By Pa u l E . Pf e i f f e r
% 1998 . 2 . 7 mo d i f i e d b y Li m J o n g_ Su
%

T=T ( : ) ' ;
P=o n e s (s i z e (T ) ) ;
D = [T ; P ] ;
[Y, I ] = s o r t (T ) ;
X = D( : , I ) ;
m = l e n g t h (T ) ;
TI = X ( 1 , : ) ;
PI = X (2 , : ) ;
j = 1;
t ( 1 ) = TI ( 1 ) ;
p ( 1 ) = PI ( 1 ) ;
f o r i = 1 : (m - 1 )
i f a b s (TI (i ) - TI (i + 1 ) ) < 1e - 6 % 1e - 6
j = j ; % .
p (j ) = p (j ) + PI (i + 1 ) ;
el se
j = j +1 ;
t (j ) = TI (i + 1 ) ;
p (j ) = PI (i + 1 ) ;
end
end
d = [t ; p ] ;

[ 2- 40a] csort.m

, 13 , , X = D(: ,I ) ; pag e20

. .
[ 2- 40b ] c s ort .m [ 2- 39] scr een
s cript m ode M - file .
f re q .m . di s p .m .

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M A T LA B

%
%FREQ cs or t .m l i st .
%! : cs or t .m .
%
% 1993 . 8 . 4 By Pa u l E . Pf e i f f e r
% 1998 . 2 . 7 mo d i f i e d b y Li m J o n g_ Su
%

T = i n p u t ( ' Li s t ! :');
n = l e n g t h (T ) ;
H = c s o r t (T ) ' ;
A = [H H ( : , 2 ) / n ] ;
di sp ( ' ' ) % !
d i s p ( [ ' Li s t : ' , n um2 s t r (n ) ] )
di sp ( ' ' )
di sp ( ' ')
d i s p (A )

[ 2- 40b] freq .m script mode M - file

, ,
. , , , ,
. , pro f e s s io n al
m at la b 2 1 ,
.

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 M A T LA B

2. m enu .m :

(sy nt ax ) : m e n u .m
"R =in pu t ( 'm e n u t it l e ' , ' 1 ',' 2 ' , ... , ' 3 ' )"
'm e n u tit le ' m en u w in dow .
1 , ... , 2 pu s h " lab el .
pu s h " click
n .

[ 19] t = - 2 *pi :1/ 10 0 :2 *pi , y =s in (t ) , m e n u .m

re d , g re e n , b lu e , plo t .m (plot )
.
, y .

[ ]
in p u t .m b re ak .m .

[ 2- 41] M - file .
e x 2_ 16 .m .

l o w e r .m .
u pp e r .m .

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M A T LA B

%
% me n u . m .
%
%1 9 9 8 . 2 . 4 By Li m J o n g_ Su
%

l i n e_ c ol o r = [ ' r ' , ' g ' , ' b ' ] ;

st r='y ' ;

t =- 2 *p i : 1 / 1 0 0 : 2 *p i ;
y = s i n (t ) ;

wh i l e ( 1 )
i f s t r == ' y '
k=me n u ( ' ' , ' r ed ' , ' gr een ' , ' bl ue ' ) ;
p l o t (t , y , l i n e _ c o l o r (k ) )
R=i n p u t ( ' ' 'y' ' t yp e ! : ' , ' s ' ) ;
s t r =l owe r (R) ;
el se
br eak;
end
end

cl os e al l

[ 2- 41] ex 2_16.m "

[ 2- 42a ] e x 2_ 16 .m com m an d w in dow .

[ 2- 42a] "ex 2_16.m " command window

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 M A T LA B

[ 2- 42b ] e x 2_ 16 .m , m e n u w in d o w .
pu sh click , .

[ 2- 42b]

[ 2- 42c] e x 2_ 16 .m , pl o t , m en u w in dow re d
click .

[ 2- 42c] "ex 2_16.m " plot .

com m an d w in dow p rom pt y ty pe .

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M A T LA B

3. dialog (type) :

dialog , .
, , qu e s t dlg .m m s g b ox .m .

dialog .
h e lp dlg , in pu t dl g , p a g e dl g , prin t dl g , e rro rdl g , w a rn dl g

dialog dialog
. , e rror
. , dialog
!

(sy n tax ): qu e s t dlg .m

R = qu e s t dl g ( 'q s t rin g ' , 't it l e ' , 's t r 1 ' , 's t r2 ' , 'd e f au lt ' )
dialog b ox ,
's tr 1 ' , ' s t r2 ' lab els pu sh .
"default " default .
defau lt 's t r 1 ' , 's tr2 ' .
str .
' str ' R .

(sy n tax ): m s g b o x .m
m s g b ox (m e s s a g e ,t itl e , 'i c o n ' )
t itl e b ox , m e s s ag e b ox .
m e s s ag e box ic on .

"m s g b ox .m " icon :

icon 3 , 'e rror ' , 'h e lp ' , 'w arn ' .
.

[ 2- 43] "msgbox .m " icon

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 M A T LA B

[ 2 0] [ 16] in pu t .m qu e s t dlg .m
.

[ ]
[ 2- 44] e x 2_ 17 .m . .

%
% me n u . m, quest dlg .m .
%
%1 9 9 8 . 2 . 4 By Li m J o n g_ Su
%

l i n e_ c ol o r = [ ' r ' , ' g ' , ' b ' ] ;

s t r = ' Ye s ' ;

t =- 2 *p i : 1 / 1 0 0 : 2 *p i ;
y = s i n (t ) ;

wh i l e ( 1 )
i f s t r cmp (s t r , ' Ye s ' )
k=me n u ( ' ' , ' r ed ' , ' gr een ' , ' bl ue ' ) ;
p l o t (t , y , l i n e _ c o l o r (k ) )
s t r =q u e s t d l g ( ' ?', ' ' , ' Ye s ' , ' No ' , ' No ' ) ;

el se
br eak;
end
end

cl os e al l

[ 2- 44] ex 2_17.m

[ 2- 45] e x 2_ 17 .m qu e s t dl g .m w in dow .
Y es .

[ 2- 45]

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M A T LA B

[ 2 1] pa g e51 [ 2] p m _ c .m e rro r .m m s g b o x .m
.

[ ]
pm _ c .m , . , pm _ c .m
, m s g b o x .m .

[ 2- 46] pm _ c b .m .

f u n c t i o n PM_ c b (x )

% , M- f i l e .
%
%1 9 9 8 . 2 . 4 By Li m J o n g_ Su

i f x ~=a b s (x )
ms gb o x ( ' .', ' ' , ' e r r or ' ) ;
r et ur n ;
% e r r or ( ' . ');

e l s e i f x ~= f i x (x )
ms gb o x ( ' .', ' ' , ' e r r or ' ) ;
r et ur n ;
end

y = r e m (x , 2 ) ;

s wi t c h y
ca s e 0
di sp ( ' !' );
o t h e r wi s e
di sp ( ' !' );
end

[ 2- 46] pm _c b .m

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 M A T LA B

[ 2- 47] m s g b o x .m b ox ,
b ox .

pm _cb (- 2)

[ 2- 47]

4. :

.
.

(sy nt ax ) : fliplr .m
"B =f liplr (A )"
A .

: X =[2 5 1 8 3];
Y =fliplr (X )
Y =

3 8 1 5 2

f lipu d .m .

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 M A T LA B

. P- code Files : matla b5.0

, M - file ,
. , ,
, . ,
p c o d e .m . M - file s p a r s in g .

p a r s in g ( )

.
(par sin g ) .

m atlab M - file s par sin g p s e u d o c o de

.

p s e u d o c o de ( )

.
.

"p c o d e .m " M - files ps eu doc ode .p P - file s

. , P - files M - files m atlab . , p - code , M - file s
par sin g p ar sin g . , M - files
.
, m atlab p ar sin g P - files M - files
. , GUI P - files
.

(sy n tax ) : p c o d e .m
(a ) "p c o de f u n 1 f u n 2 ..."
1, 2 p - files .
(b ) "p c o de * .m "
, M - files p - files .

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 M A T LA B

[ 2- 48] [ 21] p m _ c b .m p - file

.

[ 2- 48] pm_cb .m pm_cb .p

[ 2- 48] p c o d e pm _ c b .m com m an d w in dow

p m _ c b .p . , pm _ c b .m . ,
, P - files .

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 M A T LA B

M ath w ork s m atlab H an dle Graph i c s

sy stem . , s cr een
(fig ur e w in dow ) pat ch ( ) g raph i c s o bj e c t
. , lin e, t ex t , im ag e, u ser in terface contr ols , , u s er int erfa ce
pu lldow n m en u s g ra ph i c s ob j e c t .
g ra ph ic s o bj e c t s 9 , H an dle Gr aph ics sy st em
.
[ 3 - 1] g raph i c s o bj e c t s .

(a) figure object (c) Line object

(b ) Ax es object (d) P atch object

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 M A T LA B

(e) Surface object (g ) T ext object

(f) Image object (h ) Uicontrol object

(i) Uimenu object

[ 3- 1] matlab object .

object ( .)
, m atlab 3 . , 3
(h i e rarc h y ) .
GUI , ,
.

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 M A T LA B

, , ,
.
[ 3 - 2] [ 3 - 1] .

[ 3- 2] matlab

, [ 3 - 1] [ 3 - 2] , . , [ 3 - 2]
, Root lev el . lev el
m atlab gr aphics . , [
3 - 2] R o ot , F ig ur e, A x e s ,
Uim en u , . , gr aphics
R o ot ? .

R o ot , s c re e n . , scr een
, , .
, lev el lev el . ,
lev el , lev el . , A x es F igu re
.

.
1) m atlab .
2) .
3) . ,
.
4) lev el (siblin g s ) .

! , .

, ,
,
!

- 10 4 -
 M A T LA B

I. H an dle Gr aphics .

m atlab ,
. h an dl e .
h a n dle figu r e obj ect , lev el
(floatin g p oint nu m b er ) .

h_fig =fig ur e

h_fig =

h_fig 1 . , fig ur e , figu re

. , 1 figu re h an dle v alu e .
[ 3 - 3] figu r e , fig ur e .

[ 3- 3] figure

[ 3- 3] F i g u re N o . 1 . , 1 h _fig 1
. , h _fig 2=fig ur e (2) , F i g u re N o . 2
fig ur e .

, h an dle v alu e h an dle v alu e ,

h an dle v alu e . , h an dle v alu e
. , . , R oot object
h an dle v alu e 0 . , m atlab gr aphics scr een
.

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 M A T LA B

, m atlab h an dle object (t erm )

. , h an dle obj ect
.

, h an dle (pro p e rt y n am e ) s e t .m
(pro p e rt y v a lu e ) g e t .m
.

: s e t .m
"s e t (h an dl e , pro p e rt y n a m e , p rop e rt y v alu e )"
h an dle pro p e rt y n a m e
pro p e rt y v alu e .

: g e t .m
"p rop e rt y v alu e =g e t (h an dl e , pro p e rt y n am e )"
h an dle pro p e rt y n a m e
pro p e rt y v a lu e .

close all % figu re (a c tiv e f i g u re ) .

h _fig 1=fig ur e (1)

h_fig 1 = % F ig u re N o . 1 fig ur e .

[ 3 - 4] F ig u re No. 1 n u m b e rtit le . ,
n u m b e rtit le fig ur e p rop e rt y n a m e , F ig u re No. 1
pro p e rty v alu e .

, fig ur e (pro p e rt y n am e ) n u m b e rt itl e

pro p e rty v alu e F ig u re N o . 1 .

- 10 6 -
 M A T LA B

[ 3- 4] numbertitle Figur e No. 1

, F i g u re N o . 1 B y Lim Jon g _ S u . ,
pr operty n am e nu m b ertitle , (n am e ) B y Lim Jo n g _ S u
. , n um b ertitle n am e pr op erty n am e
.

2 .

. pr operty n am e nu m b ertitle pr op erty v alu e off .

. pr operty n am e n am e property v alu e
By Lim J on g_Su .

pr operty n am e n u m b e rtit le pr operty v alu e off

n on e , n o, error .

? ?? Err or u sin g ==> s et

B ad v alu e for figu re pr operty : ' Num b erT itle ' .

, n u m b e rt it le property v alu e
on , off .

pr operty n am e pr op erty v alu e s e t .m

.

set (h _fig 1,'nu m b ertitle ' ,' off ' ,' n am e ' ,'By Lim Jon g _Su ' )

h_fig 1 figu r e h an dle

n u m b e rtit le , n am e fig ur e pr operty n am e
o ff , B y Lim Jo n g _ S u fig ur e pr operty v alu e

- 107 -
 M A T LA B

, figu r e F i g u re N o . 1 B y Lim Jon g _ S u .

[ 3 - 5] .

[ 3- 5] name By Lim Jong_Su

, h an dle h_fig 1 figu r e , .

h _size =g et (h_fig 1,'position ' )

h_size =

189 304 390 246

pr operty n am e pr operty v alu e set .m

g et .m .

figu r e pr operty n am e property n am e ,

pr op erty n am e pr op erty v alu e . , [ 3 - 1]
, .
, m atlab GU I ,
pr op erty n am e pr op erty v alu e .
, figu r e pr operty n am e pr operty v alu e
?

- 10 8 -
 M A T LA B

set (h _fig 1)
Backin g St or e : [ {on } | off ]
CloseR equ estF cn
Color
Colorm ap
Curr en tA x es
Curr en tObject
Curr en tP oin t
Dith erm ap
Dith erm apM ode : [ aut o | {m an u al} ]
Int eg erH an dle : [ {on } | off ]
Inv ertH ar dcopy : [ {on } | off ]
K ey Pr es sF cn
M en uBar : [ n on e | {fig ur e } ]
M in Colorm ap
N am e
N ex tPlot : [ {a dd } | r eplace | r eplacechildr en ]
Nu m b erT itle : [ {on } | off ]
P ap erUnit s : [ {in ch es } | centim et er s | n orm alized | point s ]
P ap er Orien tation : [ {portr ait } | lan d scap e ]
P ap erP osition
P ap erP ositionM ode : [ au to | {m anu al} ]
P ap erT y pe : [ {u slett er } | u sleg al | a3 | a4letter | a5 | b4 | t abloid ]
P oin ter : [ cr os sh air | fu llcr os sh air | {arr ow } | ib eam | w at ch | t opl | topr | b otl |
b otr | left | t op | right | b ottom | cir cle | cr os s | fleur | cu st om ]
P oin ter Sh apeCDat a
P oin ter Sh apeH ot Spot
P osition
Ren der er : [ {p ain t er s } | zbuffer ]
Ren der erM ode : [ {aut o } | m an u al ]
Resize : [ {on } | off ]
ResizeF cn
Sh ar eColor s : [ {on } | off ]
Un it s : [ in ch es | cen tim eter s | n orm alized | poin t s | {pix els } ]
W in dow ButtonD ow n F cn
W in dow ButtonM otionF cn
W in dow ButtonU pF cn
W in dow Sty le : [ {n orm al} | m odal ]
Bu tt onDow nF cn
Childr en
Clippin g : [ {on } | off ]
Cr eat eF cn

- 109 -
M A T LA B

DeleteF cn
Bu sy A ction : [ {qu eu e } | can cel ]
H an dleV isibility : [ {on } | callb ack | off ]
Int erruptible : [ {on } | off ]
P ar en t
S elected : [ on | off ]
S election H ig hligh t : [ {on } | off ]
T ag
U serData
Visible : [ {on } | off ]

, . fig ur e pr operty n am e
pr op erty v alu e , [ 3 - 1] 8
pr op erty n am e pr op erty v alu e , 9 pr operty n am e pr operty v alu e
. ,
m atlab GUI C ++ .

, p rof e s s i on al m a tl ab 2 1
GUI . ,
m atlab GUI .

II. L ow _lev el fu n ction s .

high lev el fun ction ( : plot .m , m esh .m etc )

, M atlab gr aphics sy st em
h an dles low _lev el fu n ction s M atlab g r aph ic
low _lev el fu n ction s
.
low _lev el fun ction s (Object ) M atlab gr aph ic ,
low _lev el gr aph ic fun ction s h ig h_lev el gr aphic fun ction s
, , gr aph ic fun ction s .
H an dle Gr aphic fu n ction s low _lev el fu n ction s [ 3 - 1]
, 9 . 9
. ,
pr operty n am e pr operty v alu e ,
. , . , M atlab
h elp HT ML , P DF
.

- 110 -
 M A T LA B

,
. , GU I
. , s e t .m g e t .m ,
.

. Root Object

Root Object . , low _lev el fun ction s

pr op erty n am e/ property v alu e pair s , M atlab com m an d w in dow
.

R oot Object , object

, M atlab m an u al , GUI
, pr operty n am e/ pr op erty v alu e
.

set (0)

Root Object . , figu re object

h an dles v alu e . , Root Object h an dle v alu e
0 ! , com m an d w in dow display Root Object
, .
.

*Diary : [ on | off ] .......................... ( 1)

*Sh ow Hidden H an dles : [ on | {off } ] .......................... ( 2)

( 1) ( 2) [ ] pr operty n am e ( diary Sh ow Hidden H an dles

.) ( , pr operty v alu e ) . ,
pr operty n am e ,
on , off . , ( 2) { } of f
(pr operty v alu e ) , d e f au lt pr op erty v alu e . , M atlab
pr operty v alu e . , set .m defau lt
pr operty v alu e .

g et (0,'u nit s ' ) %pr operty n am e u nit s pr operty v alu e

% g et .m .
an s =
pix els %pr op erty n am e un it s
% defau lt pr operty v alu e .
% u nit s fig ur e object .

- 1 11 -
M A T LA B

s et (0,'un it s ' ,' n or ' ) % pr op erty v alu e n or set .m

% .
g et (0,'u nit s ' ) % "pr operty v alu e .

an s =

n orm alized

pr op erty n am e , , n orm alized

n or . , n or
pr operty n am e . ,
pr operty n am e , ,
err or .

( 1) M atlab { } . ,
{ } . M atlab
pr operty n am e defau lt pr operty v alu e . M atlab
h elp m an u al . , ( 1) Diary : [on | {off }]
.

A u t om aticF ileUpdat es Bu tt on Dow nF cn

. property n am e u n iv e r s a l
pro p e rt i e s . , object pr operties . ,
Bu tt on Dow nF cn , form at ( strin g ,
n um b er ) . object Root Object
pr op erty n am e .

.............. ................
A ut om aticF ileUp dat es : [ on | off ]

Butt on Dow n F cn
............. ....................

- 112 -
 M A T LA B

. figure object

h =figu r e

h =

, [ 3 - 6] figu r e obj ect .

[ 3- 6] origin al figure

, [ 3 - 6] [ 3 - 7] .

- 1 13 -
M A T LA B

[ 3- 7] figure

, [ 3 - 6] , n um b ertitle (property v alu e off ),

n am e By Lim J on g_Su . , fig ur e fig ur e
icon .

figu r e , re s i z e pr op erty n am e .
[{on } | off] .
s e t .m
.

s e t .m g e t .m h an dles , .

s et (h ,'n um b ertitle ' ,' off ' ,'n am e ' , ... % " ... " ?
'By Lim e J onfg_Su ' ,'m enu b ar ' ,'n on e ' ,'r esize ' ,' off ' )

[ 3 - 6] fig ur e , M atlab un it s
.

fig_size =g et (h )

fig_size =

165 114 470 279

g et (h ,' un it s ' )

an s =
pix els

- 114 -
 M A T LA B

fig ur e object pr operty n am e position (

: pos ) .

M atlab figu re . , [le f t

b o t t o m w idt h h e ig h t ] .

GUI , slider , r adio bu tton , pu sh butt on

. , .
[ 3 - 8] .

[ 3- 8] figur e

, [ 3- 6] fig _size .

Left 165
Bottom 114
w idth 470
H eigh t 279

[ 3- 1] figure

M atlab u nit s 5 .

a )in c h e s b )c e n t im e t e r s c )n o rm ali z e d d )p o in t s e ){p ix e l s }

- 1 15 -
M A T LA B

, M atlab un it s w in dow ([ 3 - 8] )
, N orm alized u nit s (0,0) , (1.0
1.0) .
un it s .

u nit s p o in t s 1/ 72in ch es .

. Axes object

, ! ,
, h an dle v alu e fu n ction s .

1. g cf (g et cu rrent figu r e ) : activ e fig ur e h an dle .

a ctive
, fig ur e , m ou s e
figu r e . m ou s e figu r e
n um b ertitle , ( [3 - 8] ) a c t iv e
.
figu re activ e
.

2. g ca (g et curr en t ax es ) : activ e fig ur e ax es h an dle s

.

t =- 2*pi:1/ 100:2*pi;
y =sin (t );
plot (t ,y )

, [ 3 - 9] fig ur e .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 9] sample figure

[ 3 - 9] lin e .

A x es Object
property n am e property v alu e
x lim , y lim , zlim .

set (g ca ,'x lim ' , [m in (t ) m ax (t )],'y lim ' ,[- 1.5 1.5])
% , .

[ 3- 10] sample figure

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M A T LA B

3. g co (g et curr ent obj ect ) : activ e figu r e , m ou se

h an dle .

t =- 2*pi:1/ 100:2*pi;
y 1=sin (t );
y 2=cos (t );
plot (t ,y 1,'k ' ,t ,y 2,'k ' ) % 'k ' .
% plot .m .

s et (g ca ,'x lim ' , [m in (t ) m ax (t )],'y lim ' ,[- 1.5 1.5])

[ 3- 11] sample figure

[ 3- 11] , ,
. ,
m ou se .

m ou se ,
5 pix les . 5 pix els
, .

, , . ,
. ,
.

Lin e Object
pr operty n am e pr operty v alu e
Co lo r .
Lin e w i dth n um b er

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 M A T LA B

set (g co,' color ' ,'r ' ,'Lin ew idth ' ,15 )

, [ 3 - 11] [ 3 - 12]
. b u t t o n do w n property n am e GUI
.

[ 3- 12] gco

, M atlab h old on/ off . ,

, .
, GUI .

A x es Object
property n am e property v alu e
, add h old on
N e x t pl ot
, r eplace , h old off .

t =- 2*pi:1/ 100:2*pi;
y 1=sin (t );
y 2=cos (t );
plot (t ,y 1,'r ' )
set (g ca ,'n ex tplot ' ,' add ' ,'x lim ' ,[m in (t ) m ax (t )])
plot (t ,y 2,'b :' )

, [ 3- 13] .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 13] Ax es Object nex tplot

figu r e obj ect n ex tplot " !

. text object :

u icontr ol, u im en u object s , object s

GU I . , lin e, path , im a g e, su rface,
ligh t object s . im ag e object object s
in terface , , .

[ 3 - 1] (g )t ex t object , M atlab
. sy m b ol . ,
t e x t .m .

(sy nt ax ) : t e x t .m
(a )"t e x t _ h a n dl e =t e x t (x ,y , 's t rin g ' )"
, (x ,y ) "strin g " display .
(b )"t e x t _ h a n dle =t e x t (x ,y ,z , 's trin g ' )"
, 3 (x ,y ,z )
"strin g " display .
(c )"t e x t _ h a n dle =t e x t (x ,y ,z , 'p rop e rty n am e ' , 'pro p e rt y v alu e ' )"
(x ,y ,z) , .
2 (x ,y ) .

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 M A T LA B

t e x t .m sy m b ol
.

[ 3 - 14] .

[ 3- 14] symbol

[ 3 - 14] .

t =0:900;
plot (t ,.25*ex p (- .005*t ))
h =tex t (300,.25 *ex p (- .005 *300),...
'\ bullet\ left arrow\ fontn am e{tim es }0.25{\ it e }^{- 0.005{\ itt }} .at {\ itt }=300 ' );

"\ b u ll e t , \ l e f t a rro w " [ 3 - 2] .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 2]

L at e x , tex t object int erpr et er tex

.

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 M A T LA B

g et (h ,'in terpr eter ' )

an s =

t ex

, , strin g ' , ty pin g

fig ur e display .

set (h ,' in terpreter ' ,'n on e ' )

, fig ur e display font .

h =tex t (300,.25 *ex p (- .005 *300),...

'\ bullet\ left arrow\ fontn am e{tim es }0.25{\ it e }^{- 0.005{\ itt }} .at {\ itt }=300 ' );

font fon t
\ bf Bold F ont
\ it it alics fon t
\ sl obliqu e font ( )
\ rm n orm al fon t
\ f o n t n am e (f o n tn am e } fon t font

[ 3- 3] font

{ } .
, _ , ^ .

\ , {, }, _ , ^ \ display .
,
\ \ , \ {, \ }, \ _ , \ ^ .

.
[ 3 - 15] sam ple figu r e .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 15]

(strin g ) pr operty n am e H o ri z o n t a lA li g n m e n t ,
V e rti c a lA lig n m e n t 2 .
[ 3 - 4] [ 3- 16] .

T ex t Object
p rop e rt y n a m e pr operty v alu e
H o riz o n t alA lig n m e n t {left } | cen ter | rig ht
V e rt ic alA li g n m e n t t op | cap | {m iddle } | b a selin e | Bott om

[ 3- 4]

[ 3 - 16 (a )] H o ri z on t alA li g n m e n t , [ 3 - 16 (b )]
V e rti c a lA lig n m e n t .

(a) "HorizontalAlignment " .

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 M A T LA B

(b) "VerticalAlignment " .

[ 3- 16]

, "T e x t .m " ,
. ? ,
m a th w o rk s .c o m .
, .

M atlab

m ou s e click
zoom on .
.
zoom off Zoom .
x .
z o om x on
m ou se zoom on .
x .
zoom y on
m ou se zoom on .
zoom out figu r e .

[ 3- 5]

[ 3- 5] z o o m .m , [ 3 - 15] (dot )
. , .

[ 3 - 4] [ 3 - 16] , [ 3 - 15] M - file

.

[ 3 - 17] [ 3 - 15] , M - file .

f i g 3 _ 17 .m .

- 125 -
 M A T LA B

%
%[ 3- 15 ] , M- f i l e .
%" t e x t . m" .
%
%1 9 9 8 . 2 . 1 8 By Li m J o n g_ Su
%

cl os e al l
cl ea r al l

t = 0 : p i / 1 0 0 : 2 *p i ;
y = s i n (t ) ;
p l o t (t , y )
x l ab e l ( ' t = 0 t o 2 \ p i ' , ' f on t s i ze ' , 16 )
y l a b e l ( ' s i n (t ) ' , ' f o n t s i z e ' , 1 6 )
t i t l e ( ' \ i t {Va l u e o f t h e Si n e f r om Ze r o t o Two Pi } ' )
s e t (g c f , ' c o l o r ' , ' w ' )
t e x t (3 *p i / 4 , s i n (3 *p i / 4 ) , ' \ b u l l e t \ l e f t a r r ows i n (t ) = 0 . 7 0 7 ' )
s e t (g c a , ' n e x t p l o t ' , ' a d d ' )
p l o t (3 *p i / 4 , s i n (3 *p i / 4 ) , ' r o ' )
t e x t (p i , s i n (p i ) , ' \ l e f t a r r ows i n (t ) = 0 ' )
t e x t (5 *p i / 4 , s i n (5 *p i / 4 ) , . . .
' s i n (t ) =- 0 . 7 0 7 \ r i g h t a r r ow ' , ' Ho r i z o n t a l a l i g nme n t ' , ' r i g h t ' )
s e t (g c a , ' n e x t p l o t ' , ' r e p l a c e ' )

[ 3- 17] fig3_17.m

, figu r e Object , A x es Obj ect Lev el defau lt

pr operty v alu e , fig 3_17.m
s e t (g c a , ' n e x t p l o t ' , ' r e p l a c e ' ) , default
pr operty v alu e !
, , A x es Object
Lev el A x e s lev el
.

M atlab Gr aphics sy st em H an dle g raphics Low _Lev el

fu n ction s .

, H ig h_lev el fu n ction s !

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 M A T LA B

. High_leve l functions .

High _lev el fun ction s display

.
, Low _lev el fu n ction s
display , property n am e / property v alu e ,
(ax is s calin g ) (Lin e color ) .

3
.

1. .
"pl ot .m , plo t 3 .m , c on t ou r .m , c on t ou r3 .m , c on t ou rf .m , c la b e l .m , s t e m .m ,
s t e m 3 .m , s t air s .m , c om p a s s .m , f e at h e r .m , c o m e t .m , c o m e t3 .m ,s c at t e r .m ,
s c at t e r3 .m , p o lar .m , ro s e .m , "

2. 3 .
"s u rf .m , s u rf c .m , m e s h .m , m e s h c .m , m e s h z .m , v i e w .m , m e s h g ri d .m , c o lo rm ap .m ,
c ol orb ar .m "

3. .
"pi e .m , pi e 3 .m , b a r .m , b arh .m , b ar3 .m , b a r3 h .m , are a .m , e rrob ar .m , e z pl ot .m "

, "l e g e n d .m , s u b pl o t .m , "
. , .
, .

, .

1. :

) plot .m : 1

plot .m . ,
.

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 M A T LA B

(Sy n tax ) : pl o t .m
a ) plo t (Y )
, Y , x Y in dex , y Y
. , Y , x r eal (Y ), y
im ag (Y ) .
b ) plo t (X 1 ,Y 1 ,... )
X1 Y1 lin e .
c ) plo t (X 1 ,Y 1 ,Lin e S p e c ,...)
Lin eSpec color , lin e sty le, m ak er sty le
.
d ) pl o t ( ..., 'P ro p e rt y N a m e ' ,P ro p e rt y V alu e ,...)
"Lin e"object pr operty n am e/ pr operty v alu e sty le
.
e ) h = plo t (...)
Lin e , Lin e
h an dle v alu e .

X =[1:10; 0.7 *[1:10]; 0.5 *[1:10]; 0.25 *[1:10]) ' ;

plot (X )
x lab el ('x ax is ' ,' font size ' ,15)
y lab el (' y ax is ' ,'fon t size ' ,15 )
title ('\ bf{' 'plot .m ' ' }' ,' font size ' ,15)

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 18] "plot .m "

[ 3 - 18] X Y , X
in dex X .( , x =1:len gth (X ))

, (lin e ) ty p e , default
.
default .

Lin e_Color =g et (g ca ,' coloror der ' )

Lin e_Color =

0 0 1.0000
0 0.5000 0
1.0000 0 0
0 0.7500 0.7500
0.7500 0 0.7500
0.7500 0.7500 0
0.2500 0.2500 0.2500

, ty p e defau lt .

- 129 -
 M A T LA B

Lin e_T y pe =g et (g ca ,'Lin esty leorder ' )

Lin e_T y pe =

Lin e_Color Lin e_T y pe (Lin e ) sty le .

.
(a ) Lin e_T y p e Lin e_Color
.
(b ) Lin e_T y p e Lin e_Color
.
......................... ......................

, . ,
plot .m ty pe lin e
. default Lin e_Color , Lin e_T y p e
.

s et (0,'Defau ltA x esColor or der ' ,[0 0 0],'Defau ltA x esLin eSty leOr der ' ,' - |- .|- - |:' )

, [ 3- 18]
[ 3 - 19] figu r e .

s et .m Root Object
pr operty n am e/ pr op erty v alu e . Root Obj ect
Lev el Object . , m atlab
sty le . , s t a rtu p .m
m atlab
sty le .
! con tour .m
sty le . cont our .m
sty le .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 19] style default

, (r an g e )
, .
, .
,
a x i s .m . ,
.
, A x e s object , property n am e x lim , y lim , z lim
. ax i s .m .

(sy n tax ) : ax i s .m
ax i s ( [x m in x m ax y m in y m ax z m in z m ax ] )
(r an g e ) .
2 zm in zm ax .

t =- 5 :1/ 100:5 ;
y =1./ ((t - 0.3 ).^2+0.01)+1./ ((t - 0.9 ).^2+0.04 )- 6 ; %y h um p s fu n ction .
plot (t ,y )

, [ 3- 20] .

- 13 1 -
 M A T LA B

[ 3- 20] ax is .m

, t [0 ] .
.

ax is ([0 inf - in f inf])

[ 3 - 21] t [0 ] .

A x es Object pr op erty n am e/ property v alu e t [0 ]

?
.

s et (g ca ,'x lim ' ,[0 inf],' y lim ' ,[- inf in f])

[ 3 - 21] .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3 - 21] 0 t 2 .
, 0 t 2 0.4 tick .
.

A x es Obj ect
pr op erty n am e pr op erty v alu e
x t ic k , y ti c k , z t ic k T ick m ark v ector

set (g ca ,'x tick ' ,[0:0.4 :2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5])

[ 3 - 22] .

, t ic k .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 22] T ick

, , t ticklab el( , 0, 0.4, 0.8 )

.

A x es Object
pr op erty n am e pr operty v alu e
x ticklab el, y ticklab el, zticklab el T ick m ark (strin g )

x (y ,z )ticklab el T ick m ark .

tick .
[ 3 - 22] t tick 12 .

t_lab el=str 2m at ('I ' ,'II ' ,' III ' ,'IV ' ,'V ' ,'V I ' ,'VII ' ,'V III ' ,'IX ' ,'X ' ,'XI ' ,'XII ' )
s et (g ca ,'x ticklab el ' ,t_lab el)

[ 3 - 23] x t i c k l ab e l .

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 M A T LA B

[ 3- 23] xticklabel

H igh _level fu n ction .

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