Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Division of Nueva Ecija
LINO P. BERNARDO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bago, Gen.Tinio, Nueva Ecija
Pre - Test in Practical Research 2
Instructions: Choose the best answer from the choices given. Shade or circle the letter of your answer.
1. What is the main purpose of research?
A. To memorize facts C. To discover new knowledge
B. To prove assumptions D. To copy existing studies
2. Which of the following is characteristic of quantitative research?
A. Focus on meanings C. Objective measurement
B. Use of open-ended questions D. Narrative data
3. A hypothesis is best described as:
A. A conclusion C. An educated guess
D. A variable B. A question
4. What type of research seeks to solve a practical problem?
A. Basic C. Historical
D. Theoretical B. Applied
5. The term 'population' in research refers to:
A. All the books in the library C. The entire group being studied
D. A sample from the group B. The people selected for the study
6. What does validity in research mean?
A. The test measures what it is intended to measure C. The results are inaccurate
D. The test is lengthy B. The test is consistent
7. Reliability refers to:
A. Relevance of data C. Quality of respondents
D. Skill of the researcher B. Repetition of results
8. Which of the following improves reliability?
A. Vague questions C. Clear instructions
D. Random guessing B. Inconsistent procedures
9. A test is valid if:
A. It contains many items C. It accurately measures the intended variable
D. It is given online B. It looks professional
10. Internal consistency is associated with:
A. Face validity C. Cronbach’s Alpha
D. Pearson’s r B. Content validity
11. Which sampling technique gives each member of the population an equal chance of being selected?
A. Convenience sampling
B. Purposive sampling
C. Random sampling
D. Snowball sampling
12. What is the main purpose of using stratified sampling?
A. To gather large samples
B. To save time
C. To ensure representation of subgroups
D. To make generalizations
13. Which sampling method is most prone to bias?
A. Simple random
B. Stratified
C. Convenience
D. Systematic
14. Snowball sampling is most useful for:
A. Studying rare populations
B. General surveys
C. Lab experiments
D. Historical research
15. What is a sample?
A. A small group from the population
B. The whole population
C. A research question
D. A hypothesis
16. Which is NOT a data collection method?
A. Interview
B. Experiment
C. Sampling
D. Questionnaire
17. Interviews are best used when:
A. You want statistical analysis
B. You want to explore feelings
C. You have no time
D. You want yes/no answers
18. What is a structured questionnaire?
A. Free-form questions
B. Open-ended questions only
C. Pre-set questions with fixed choices
D. No specific format
19. Focus group discussions are:
A. One-on-one interviews
B. Group discussions on a topic
C. Observations
D. Lab experiments
20. Observation is best for:
A. Measuring opinions
B. Exploring attitudes
C. Describing behavior
D. Understanding theories
21. What is the first step in data analysis?
A. Drawing conclusions
B. Reporting
C. Organizing and cleaning data
D. Interpreting results
22. Which tool is used for quantitative data analysis?
A. NVivo
B. SPSS (SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences))
C. SWOT
D. Mind mapping
23. Mean is:
A. Most frequent value
B. Middle value
C. Average
D. Highest value
24. What does standard deviation measure?
A. Central tendency
B. Correlation
C. Spread of data
D. Mean
25. If p-value < 0.05, then:
A. Result is insignificant
B. There is no effect
C. Result is statistically significant
D. Hypothesis is automatically true
26. What is informed consent?
A. A contract of payment
B. Permission given with full knowledge of the study
C. A rule from the school
D. A tool for analysis
27. Which of the following is unethical?
A. Keeping participant data confidential
B. Fabricating results
C. Anonymity in reporting
D. Getting consent
28. Confidentiality in research means:
A. Sharing all results
B. Keeping data private
C. Publicizing names
D. Hiding findings
29. Plagiarism is:
A. Referencing properly
B. Copying others’ work without credit
C. Using own ideas
D. Citing books
30. Which principle ensures participants are not harmed?
A. Integrity
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Truthfulness
31. Which step comes first in research?
A. Data analysis
B. Literature review
C. Identifying the problem
D. Hypothesis testing
32. A literature review includes:
A. Experiments
B. A list of survey respondents
C. Summary of existing studies
D. New findings
33. The research instrument is:
A. The researcher
B. A tool to collect data
C. The hypothesis
D. A written report
34. A null hypothesis states:
A. There is no relationship between variables
B. Variables are connected
C. Results will always be positive
D. Sample equals population
35. A research title should be:
A. Long and complicated
B. Clear and specific
C. Vague
D. Controversial
36. Descriptive research aims to:
A. Change behaviors
B. Describe characteristics
C. Prove a theory
D. Experiment
37. Correlational research studies:
A. The effect of one variable on another
B. Relationships between variables
C. One group only
D. Historical events
38. Experimental research involves:
A. Describing events
B. Manipulating variables
C. Surveying opinions
D. Archival study
39. Historical research focuses on:
A. Current events
B. Future predictions
C. Past records
D. Lab data
40. Action research is usually conducted by:
A. Scientists only
B. Teachers in classrooms
C. Government officials
D. Policymakers
41. The findings of a study are found in:
A. Introduction
B. Review of literature
C. Results section
D. Abstract
42. The recommendations section includes:
A. Data
B. Suggestions based on findings
C. Research tools
D. Titles
43. What is an abstract?
A. Detailed results
B. Summary of the whole research
C. List of sources
D. Tables
44. What does the conclusion do?
A. Collect data
B. Analyze data
C. Summarize findings
D. Choose respondents
45. Which part states the purpose of the research?
A. Methodology
B. Review of related literature
C. Introduction
D. Results
46. Which is NOT a part of the research paper?
A. References
B. Appendices
C. Discussion
D. Fiction
47. APA stands for:
A. American Psychological Association
B. Association of Physical Analysts
C. American Political Assembly
D. Association of Public Authors
48. Which is a secondary source?
A. Interview transcript
B. Diary
C. Textbook
D. Survey response
49. Which software is commonly used for creating surveys?
A. Microsoft Word
B. Google Forms
C. Photoshop
D. Excel
50. What does “scope and delimitation” explain?
A. Analysis process
B. The extent and limits of the study
C. The findings
D. The review
Prepared by:
CHRISTINA E. NAMOC
Teacher II
Checked By: Noted:
FLORANTE A. MANGILIN JENNY LYNN T. BATOY,PhD.
Head Teacher III School Principal III
Answer Key
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Pre-Test Questionnaire for Research (50 Items)
Instructions: Choose the best answer from the choices given. Shade or circle the letter of your answer.
1. What is the main purpose of research?
A. To memorize facts
B. To prove assumptions
C. To discover new knowledge
D. To copy existing studies
2. Which of the following is a characteristic of quantitative research?
A. Focus on meanings
B. Use of open-ended questions
C. Objective measurement
D. Narrative data
3. A hypothesis is best described as:
A. A conclusion
B. A question
C. An educated guess
D. A variable
4. What type of research seeks to solve a practical problem?
A. Basic
B. Applied
C. Historical
D. Theoretical
5. The term 'population' in research refers to:
A. All the books in the library
B. The people selected for the study
C. The entire group being studied
D. A sample from the group
6. What does validity in research mean?
A. The test measures what it is intended to measure
B. The test is consistent
C. The results are inaccurate
D. The test is lengthy
7. Reliability refers to:
A. Relevance of data
B. Repetition of results
C. Quality of respondents
D. Skill of the researcher
8. Which of the following improves reliability?
A. Vague questions
B. Inconsistent procedures
C. Clear instructions
D. Random guessing
9. A test is valid if:
A. It contains many items
B. It looks professional
C. It accurately measures the intended variable
D. It is given online
10. Internal consistency is associated with:
A. Face validity
B. Content validity
C. Cronbach’s Alpha
D. Pearson’s r
11. Which sampling technique gives each member of the population an equal chance of being selected?
A. Convenience sampling
B. Purposive sampling
C. Random sampling
D. Snowball sampling
12. What is the main purpose of using stratified sampling?
A. To gather large samples
B. To save time
C. To ensure representation of subgroups
D. To make generalizations
13. Which sampling method is most prone to bias?
A. Simple random
B. Stratified
C. Convenience
D. Systematic
14. Snowball sampling is most useful for:
A. Studying rare populations
B. General surveys
C. Lab experiments
D. Historical research
15. What is a sample?
A. A small group from the population
B. The whole population
C. A research question
D. A hypothesis
16. Which is NOT a data collection method?
A. Interview
B. Experiment
C. Sampling
D. Questionnaire
17. Interviews are best used when:
A. You want statistical analysis
B. You want to explore feelings
C. You have no time
D. You want yes/no answers
18. What is a structured questionnaire?
A. Free-form questions
B. Open-ended questions only
C. Pre-set questions with fixed choices
D. No specific format
19. Focus group discussions are:
A. One-on-one interviews
B. Group discussions on a topic
C. Observations
D. Lab experiments
20. Observation is best for:
A. Measuring opinions
B. Exploring attitudes
C. Describing behavior
D. Understanding theories
21. What is the first step in data analysis?
A. Drawing conclusions
B. Reporting
C. Organizing and cleaning data
D. Interpreting results
22. Which tool is used for quantitative data analysis?
A. NVivo
B. SPSS (SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences))
C. SWOT
D. Mind mapping
23. Mean is:
A. Most frequent value
B. Middle value
C. Average
D. Highest value
24. What does standard deviation measure?
A. Central tendency
B. Correlation
C. Spread of data
D. Mean
25. If p-value < 0.05, then:
A. Result is insignificant
B. There is no effect
C. Result is statistically significant
D. Hypothesis is automatically true
26. What is informed consent?
A. A contract of payment
B. Permission given with full knowledge of the study
C. A rule from the school
D. A tool for analysis
27. Which of the following is unethical?
A. Keeping participant data confidential
B. Fabricating results
C. Anonymity in reporting
D. Getting consent
28. Confidentiality in research means:
A. Sharing all results
B. Keeping data private
C. Publicizing names
D. Hiding findings
29. Plagiarism is:
A. Referencing properly
B. Copying others’ work without credit
C. Using own ideas
D. Citing books
30. Which principle ensures participants are not harmed?
A. Integrity
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Truthfulness
31. Which step comes first in research?
A. Data analysis
B. Literature review
C. Identifying the problem
D. Hypothesis testing
32. A literature review includes:
A. Experiments
B. A list of survey respondents
C. Summary of existing studies
D. New findings
33. The research instrument is:
A. The researcher
B. A tool to collect data
C. The hypothesis
D. A written report
34. A null hypothesis states:
A. There is no relationship between variables
B. Variables are connected
C. Results will always be positive
D. Sample equals population
35. A research title should be:
A. Long and complicated
B. Clear and specific
C. Vague
D. Controversial
36. Descriptive research aims to:
A. Change behaviors
B. Describe characteristics
C. Prove a theory
D. Experiment
37. Correlational research studies:
A. The effect of one variable on another
B. Relationships between variables
C. One group only
D. Historical events
38. Experimental research involves:
A. Describing events
B. Manipulating variables
C. Surveying opinions
D. Archival study
39. Historical research focuses on:
A. Current events
B. Future predictions
C. Past records
D. Lab data
40. Action research is usually conducted by:
A. Scientists only
B. Teachers in classrooms
C. Government officials
D. Policymakers
41. The findings of a study are found in:
A. Introduction
B. Review of literature
C. Results section
D. Abstract
42. The recommendations section includes:
A. Data
B. Suggestions based on findings
C. Research tools
D. Titles
43. What is an abstract?
A. Detailed results
B. Summary of the whole research
C. List of sources
D. Tables
44. What does the conclusion do?
A. Collect data
B. Analyze data
C. Summarize findings
D. Choose respondents
45. Which part states the purpose of the research?
A. Methodology
B. Review of related literature
C. Introduction
D. Results
46. Which is NOT a part of the research paper?
A. References
B. Appendices
C. Discussion
D. Fiction
47. APA stands for:
A. American Psychological Association
B. Association of Physical Analysts
C. American Political Assembly
D. Association of Public Authors
48. Which is a secondary source?
A. Interview transcript
B. Diary
C. Textbook
D. Survey response
49. Which software is commonly used for creating surveys?
A. Microsoft Word
B. Google Forms
C. Photoshop
D. Excel
50. What does “scope and delimitation” explain?
A. Analysis process
B. The extent and limits of the study
C. The findings
D. The review
Answer Key
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