SystemVerilog is a hardware description and verification language that
extends Verilog with powerful modeling, simulation, and formal verification
features. Below is a comprehensive list of SystemVerilog topics, each with
a brief description to guide your understanding of the entire language:
1. Basics of SystemVerilog
Introduction to SystemVerilog: Evolution from Verilog; why and when
to use it.
Lexical Elements: Identifiers, keywords, comments, literals.
Data Types:
4-state types: logic, reg, wire, etc.
2-state types: bit, int, byte, shortint, etc.
User-defined types: typedef, enum, struct, union.
2. Design Constructs
Modules: Core building blocks, similar to Verilog.
Interfaces: Encapsulate signals and simplify module connections.
Ports: input, output, inout, and new ref, const ref.
Continuous Assignments: assign statements.
Procedural Blocks: initial, always, always_comb, always_ff, always_latch.
3. Procedural Programming Constructs
Control Flow: if, else, case, for, while, do-while, foreach, break, continue.
Functions & Tasks:
Functions: Return a value; can't have timing controls.
Tasks: Can have delays and event controls; used for
procedures.
Blocking vs Non-blocking Assignments: = vs <=.
4. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in
SystemVerilog
Classes: Encapsulation of data and methods.
Objects: Dynamic allocation using new.
Inheritance: extends keyword.
Polymorphism: Virtual methods and dynamic dispatch.
Encapsulation: local, protected, public.
Constructors & Destructors: Special functions for initialization and
cleanup.
Static Members: Class-level variables and methods.
5. Verification Constructs
Program Blocks: Used in testbenches; scheduled after modules.
Randomization:
Random variables: rand, randc.
Constraints: constraint block for value limitations.
Assertions:
Immediate assertions: Checked at a point in time.
Concurrent assertions: sequence, property, assert property.
Coverage:
Functional Coverage: covergroup, coverpoint, bins.
Code Coverage: Tool-based coverage metrics.
6. Concurrency & Events
Events & Synchronization: event, ->, @, wait, disable fork.
Fork-Join Constructs:
fork...join, fork...join_any, fork...join_none.
7. Timing and Delays
Delay Control: # delays.
Event Control: @ and wait.
Timing Blocks: posedge, negedge, etc.
8. Interface and Modports
Interfaces: Bundle related signals together.
Modports: Define access permissions to interface members.
9. Packages and Imports
Packages: Container for data types, functions, classes.
Importing: import, include, export.
10. System Functions and Tasks
$display, $monitor, $finish, $time, $random, $fatal, $stop, $asserton, etc.
11. Macros and Compiler Directives
define, ifdef, ifndef, endif, include, undef.
12. DPI (Direct Programming Interface)
DPI-C: Interface to call C functions from SystemVerilog and vice versa.
import "DPI-C" and export "DPI-C" constructs.
13. UVM (Universal Verification Methodology)
(Advanced Topic)
UVM Components: uvm_test, uvm_env, uvm_agent, uvm_driver, etc.
Factory Mechanism
Sequences and Sequencers
Transaction-Level Modeling (TLM)
14. File I/O Operations
$fopen, $fwrite, $fdisplay, $fscanf, $feof, etc.
15. Miscellaneous Constructs
Timeunits and Timeprecision
Enums and Structs Enhancements
Unions with Tagged Union
Casting (static and dynamic)
Inside Operator: if (var inside {1, 2, 3})
If you'd like, I can also:
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