Regression Analysis
Regression analysis ek statistical method hai jo hum use karte hain jab humein do
ya zyada variables ke beech relationship ko samajhna ho. Matlab, agar humare paas
kuch data points hain, to regression analysis help karta hai yeh samajhne mein ki
kaise ek variable dusre variable ko influence karta hai.
Introduction to Linear Regression (Linear Regression ka Introduction)
Linear Regression ek simple type ka regression hai jisme hum predict karte hain ek
variable (dependent variable) ka value, dusre variable (independent variable) ke
help se.
Example:
Maan lo tumhare paas data hai ki "hours studied" aur "marks scored" ke beech ka
relationship. Tumhara goal yeh hai ki tum jo hours study kar rahe ho usse tumhare
marks ka prediction kar sako.
Simple Equation for Linear Regression:
Y = mX + C
Y = dependent variable (for example, marks)
X = independent variable (for example, hours studied)
m = slope (yeh batata hai ki X ka value change hone par Y ka value kitna change
karega)
C = intercept (yeh value bataata hai jab X = 0 ho, to Y ki value kya hogi)
Yeh equation hum use karte hain prediction ke liye. Agar tumhe X ki value pata ho,
to tum easily Y (marks) predict kar sakte ho.
Multiple Linear Regression (Multiple Linear Regression)
Jab ek se zyada independent variables hote hain, tab hum Multiple Linear
Regression use karte hain. Isme hum ek se zyada factors ko consider karte hain jo
dependent variable ko influence karte hain.
Example:
Maan lo tumhare paas data hai ki "hours studied", "attendance", aur "sleep hours"
ke beech ka relationship. Tumhe yeh predict karna hai ki yeh teen factors tumhare
marks ko kaise influence kar rahe hain.
To, Multiple Linear Regression mein tumhare paas equation kuch is tarah hoga:
Y = m1X1 + m2X2 + m3X3 + C
Y = dependent variable (marks)
X1 = hours studied
X2 = attendance
X3 = sleep hours
m1, m2, m3 = coefficients jo batate hain ki har ek variable (X1, X2, X3) ka marks
par kitna effect hai
C = intercept
Multiple Linear Regression yeh bataata hai ki yeh teen factors ka ek saath tumhare
marks par kitna influence hai.
Understanding Coefficients and Residuals (Coefficients aur Residuals ko
Samajhna)
1. Coefficients (m1, m2, m3, etc.):
Coefficients ka kaam yeh hai ki woh batate hain ki har ek independent
variable (jaise hours studied, attendance, etc.) dependent variable (marks) ko
kitna influence karta hai. Matlab, agar tumhare coefficient ka value 2 hai, toh
iska matlab hai ki har extra unit of X (for example, hours studied) tumhare Y
(marks) mein 2 ka increment karega.
Example: Agar coefficient of "hours studied" ka value 3 hai, toh iska matlab hai ki
har extra ghanta padhai karne se tumhare marks 3 se badhenge.
2. Residuals:
Residuals ka matlab hai "prediction error" ya "residual error". Yeh woh
difference hai jo tumhare predicted value aur actual value ke beech hota hai.
Formula:
Residual = Actual Value (Y) - Predicted Value (Ŷ)
Agar tumhara predicted marks 80 the aur actual marks 85 the, toh residual 5 hoga.
Residuals ka importance:
Residuals yeh batate hain ki tumhare model kitna accurate hai. Agar residuals bohot
zyada hai, matlab tumhara model thoda galat hai. Agar residuals kam hai, toh
tumhara model accurate hai.
