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Tutorial Sheet 2 MA1003E

The document outlines a tutorial for the MA1011E - Mathematics-II course at the National Institute of Technology Calicut, covering topics such as eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. It includes a series of problems and exercises designed to test understanding of these concepts, including finding eigenvalues, diagonalization, and verifying theorems. The tutorial is intended for the Winter Semester 2024-2025.

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22 views2 pages

Tutorial Sheet 2 MA1003E

The document outlines a tutorial for the MA1011E - Mathematics-II course at the National Institute of Technology Calicut, covering topics such as eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. It includes a series of problems and exercises designed to test understanding of these concepts, including finding eigenvalues, diagonalization, and verifying theorems. The tutorial is intended for the Winter Semester 2024-2025.

Uploaded by

ashwa0404
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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National Institute of Technology Calicut

Department of Mathematics
MA1011E - Mathematics-II
Winter Semester 2024-2025 Tutorial - LA2
Topics Covered: Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix, characteristic equation,
Cayley-Hamilton theorem, inverse of matrix, Eigenvectors associated with distinct
eigenvalues, Diagonalisation of matrices
   6   3 
1. Let A = 15 62 and u = −5 and v = −2 . Are u and v eigenvectors of A? If so what
are the corresponding eigenvalues?

2. Find the characteristic polynomial and characteristic values of the matrix


 
6 2 −2
 2 5 0 
−2 0 7

3. Show that the eigenvalues of a triangular matrix are its diagonal entries.

4. If a singular 3 × 3 matrix has determinant 8 and trace 6, find its eigenvalues.

5. If λ = −3 is an eigenvalue of the matrix A, find the other eigenvalues of this matrix


without solving the characteristic polynomial, where
 
4 −2 3
A = −2 1 6
1 2 2

6. Check whether the statement is always true: if λ1 and λ2 are eigenvalues of A2×2 and
η1 and η2 are eigenvalues of B2×2 , then λ1 + η1 and λ2 + η2 are eigenvalues of A + B.

7. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the following matrices:


     
  2 2 2 1 −1 0 3 5 3
1 4
(i). (ii).  2 2 2  (iii).  −1 2 −1  (iv).  0 4 6 
2 3
2 2 2 0 −1 1 0 0 1

8. Find the eigenvalues of A5 for


 
  2 1 2 3
2 0 −1  0 1 2 4 
(i) A =  6 1 0  (ii). 
 0

0 2 5 
0 1 3
0 0 0 −2

9. For a square matrix A, prove the following statements:

(a) Both A and its transpose AT have the same eigenvalues.


1
(b) Suppose A is a nonsingular and λ is an eigenvalue of A. Then λ is an eigenvalue of
A−1 .
(c) If v is an eigenvector of A, then it is also an eigenvector of A2 .
MA1011E Page 2 of 2

10. The eigenvectors of a 3 × 3 matrix A corresponding to the eigenvalues 1, 1, 3 are


 T  T  T
1 0 −1 , 0 1 −1 , 1 1 0 respectively. Find the matrix A.

11. Show that A = 3 4 and B = 42 31 are similar by finding M so that B = M −1 AM .


1 2  

12. Diagonalize the following matrices, if possible:


   
1 1 1 1 2 4
A= 0 2 1 , B = 0 1 −6 ,
−4 4 3 0 0 3

and hence compute A10 and B 20 .

13. Find a matrix B such that B 2 = A, where A is


 
1 2
A= .
2 4

14. If the eigenvalues of A3×3 and B3×3 are 0, 2, 3 and 2, 2, 5 respectively, which of the
following is/are true? why?

a. Both A, B must be nonsingular and diagonalizable.


b. A is singular and diagonalizable; B is nonsingular.
c. A is not diagonalizable; B is singular.

15. Give an example of a non-diagonalizable square matrix.


 
16. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix A = 12 24 .

17. Find A3 and A−1 using Cayley-Hamilton Theorem for the matrix
 
1 2 4
A = −1 0 3 
3 1 −2

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