Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya

LDRP Institute of Technology and Research

Subject: Electrical Machines and Electronics (MA 305 N)

Assignment-1
D.C. GENERATOR
1. Draw schematic diagram of a dc machine with labels .Describe its different parts;
their material and functions.
2. Explain working of elementary D.C. Generator.
3. Derive EMF equation of D.C. Generator.
4. Compare lap and wave winding.
5. Draw & explain O.C.C characteristics of separately excited generator.
6. Draw & explain Internal & External characteristics of series, shunt & Compound
generator.
7. Explain various types of losses occurring in a D.C. Generator.
8. State application of DC series, Shunt & compound generator.
9. Explain classification of DC generators.
A.C. Generators
1. Explain construction and type of A.C. Generator.

2. Derive EMF equation of A.C. Generator.

3. Write a short note on Synchronizing procedure with system.

4. What is voltage regulation? Explain any one method of voltage

regulation of alternator.

Numericals:

• Calculate the voltage induced in the armature winding of a 4-pole, wave wound dc
machine having 728 conductors and running at 1800 rpm. The flux per pole is
35mWb. [Ans:1528.8V]
• A 4-pole machine running at 1500 rpm has an armature with 90 slots having 6
conductors per slot. The flux per pole is 6x10 -2Wb. Determine the induced emf as
a dc generator if the coils are lap connected. If the current per conductor is 100
amps, determine the electrical power output of the machine.[Ans:324kW]

• An 8 pole dc shunt generator has 778 wave connected armature conductors

running at 500 rpm, supplies a load of 12.5Ω resistance at a terminal voltage of
[Link] resistance is 0.24 Ω and shunt field resistance is 250Ω. Find out
armature current, the induced emf and flux per pole.
[Ans: Ia=21, Eg=255.04V, flux=9.834mWb]

• A 4-pole lap wound, long shunt, dc compound generator has fluxper pole of
0.07Wb. The armature consists of 220 turns and resistance per turn is 0.004Ω.
Calculate the terminal voltage if the resistance of shunt and series field are 100Ω
and 0.02Ω respectively. When the generator is running at 900 rpm with armature
current of 50 A. Also calculate the power output in kW for generator.
[Ans:Vt=459.25A, PL=20.814kW]

• A short shunt compound dc generator supplies a load current of 150 A at 230 V.

The generator has the following winding resistances.

Armature resistance = 0.15Ω

Series field resistance = 0.1 Ω
Shunt field resistance = 100 Ω
Calculate the generated emf, if the brush drop is 2V per brush.
[Ans:Eg=271.8675V]
• A long shunt dc generator is running at 1000 rpm supplies 22kW at a terminal
voltage 220V. The resistance of armature, shunt field and series field are 0.05, 110
and 0.06 ohms respectively. The overall efficiency at above load is 88%. Find (a)
copper loss (b) iron & friction loss. [Ans: a = 1584.44 W,b=1415.56W]

Assignment-2
DC Motor
1. Explain the basic principle of [Link]. Derive its torque equation.
2. Explain the types of d.c. motor with diagram.
3. Explain briefly how speed control is achieved for DC shunt motors. ?
4. Draw the characteristic curves and state two applications for(i) a dc shunt
motor (ii) a dc series motor.
5. What is necessity of starter for dc motor? Explain three point and four starter.
6. Enlist the application of various DC Motors.

THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

1. Give classification of induction motor based on principle of operation.
2. Describe the two types of rotor construction of three phase Induction motor.
3. State types of 3-phase induction motor. Explain the speed torque
characteristic of a 3-phaseinduction motor with necessary diagram.
4. Explain how does the rotor of induction motor rotate? Explain slip of
induction motor. Explain frequency of rotor current.
5. Derive the equation of torque under running condition for three phase
induction motor.
6. Explain different methods to control speed of three phase induction motor.

Single phase Inducion Motor

1. Explain different types of single phase induction motor.
2. Why 1-phase induction motor is not self start? Write types of 1-phase induction
motor. Compare it with 3-phase induction motor.
3. Give comparison between Rotating &Pulsating magnetic field.
4. Compare the DC motor and AC motor.
5. Explain universal motor.

Numericals:
• A 230 V d.c. series motor has an armature resistance of 0.2 Ώ and Series field
resistance of 0.10 Ώ . Determine:(i) The current required to develop a torque of
70Nm at 1200 rpm(iii) percentage reduction in flux when the machine runs at 2000
rpm at half the current.
• When a 250-V, 50 hp, 1000 rpm d.c shunt motor is used to supply rated output
power to a constant torque load, it draws an armature current of 160A. The
armature circuit has a resistance of 0.04 Ω and the rotational losses are equal to 2
KW. An external resistance of 0.5Ω is inserted in series with the armature winding.
For this condition compute (i) the speed (ii) the developed power (iii) the
efficiency assuming that the field loss is 1.6 KW.
• A 440 V, 4-pole, lap connected shunt motor has a no-load input current of 15 A
and a shunt field current of 10A. At full load it takes a current of 150A. if armature
resistance is 0.1 Ohm, flux per pole on no load is 0.05 weber, number of armature
conductors are 750 and contact drop per brush is 1V. Determine the No-load speed
and Full-load speed of the motor if the magnetic flux is weakened by 1.5% on full
load.
• A [Link] machine when run as a motor on no-load takes 440w at 220V and
runs at 1000rpm. The field current and armature resistance are 1A and 0.5Ohm
respectively. Calculate the efficiency of the machine when running (1) As a
generator delivering 40A at 220V, (2) As a motor taking 40A from a 220 supply.
• A 220 V, dc shunt motor at no-load takes a current of 2.5 A. The resistances of the
armature and shunt field are 0.8 ohm and 200 ohm respectively. Estimate the
efficiency of the motor when input current is 25 A.
 Assignment-3
TRANSFORMER
1. Explain the working of a single phase transformer and also derive its e.m.f.
equation.
2. Explain the constructional details of a single phase transformer.
3. Define transformer and derive EMF equation for single phase transformer.
4. What is the constructional difference between core type and shell type
transformer? What are the merits and demerits of each?
5. Draw the phasor diagrams for no-load and loaded conditions of a transformer.
6. Explain types of transformers and differentiate it.
7. Explain the construction of a three phase transformer from the view point of its
working principle.
8. Compare single phase and three phase transformer.
9. Explain Open circuit and Short circuit test and their applications

NUMERICALS
• The 3000/200 V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer is built on a core having an
effective cross sectional area of 150 cm 2and has 80 turns in the low voltage
winding. Calculate (a) the value of the max. flux density in core, (b)the number
of turns in the high voltage winding.[0.75Wb/m2, 1200]

• The no load current of a transformer is 5 A at 0.3 power factor when supplied at

230 V, 50 Hz. The number of turns on the primary winding is 200. Calculate a)
 the maximum value of flux in the core, b) the core loss, and c) demagnetizing
current. [(a) 5.18 mWb, (b) 345 watts, (c) 4.77 A]

• A single phase transformer has 1000 turns on primary and 200 turns on the
secondary. The no load current is 3 A at a power factor of 0.2 lagging. Calculate
the primary current and power factor when the secondary current is 280 A at a
power factor of 0.8 lagging. [58.3∟38.86° ; 38.86°]

Assignment-4
Logic Gates Transistor and OP-AMP Circuits
1. Explain different Logic gates with its truth tables.

2. Explain De-Morgan's theorem.

3. Explain Half wave rectifier circuits.

4. Explain wave bridge rectifier.
5. Explain Full, Three phase bridge rectifier.
6. Explain multistage amplifier.
7. Explain pin diagram of IC 741 OP-AMP.