Kabul university
FLOOR PLAN Engineering faculty
Architecture department
Drawing I
How to draw Floor Plan
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Topics to be covered to day
✓Plan view
✓Floor plan
✓Door and window
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WHAT IS ARCHITECTURAL PLAN DRAWING:
• Object Within a Transparent Picture Plane Box.
• Plans are Drawings of Orthographic Projections on a
Horizontal Picture Plane.
• They Represent a View Looking Down on an Object,
Building, or Scene From Above.
PLAN VIEW
• All Planes Parallel to the Picture Plane Maintain Their
True-Scale, Size, Shape, & Proportions (Curved or Oblique
to the Horizontal Plane of Projection are Foreshortened).
• Reduce Three-Dimensional Complexity of Object its Two-
Dimensional Horizontal Aspect.
• Easy to Generate.
• Emphasize Horizontal Arrangement and Pattern of What
We See.
• Depict Width & Length But not Height.
• Difficult to Read & Understand.
• Aerial View Which Seldom Experience in the Mind’s Eye.
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• Horizontal Cut by Intersecting Plane.
• Cut Plane Height 4 feet (Varied).
FLOOR PLAN
• After Cut We Remove The Upper Part.
• Orthographic Projection of Remaining Parts.
• Open Up the Interior of a Building.
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• Unveil Horizontal Relationships & Patterns not Easily Detected When Walking
Through a Building.
FLOOR PLAN
Floor Plan Disclose:
• The Configuration of Walls, Columns
• The Shape & Dimension of Space.
• The Layout of Window & Door Opening.
• The Connection Between Spaces & Interior & Exterior.
• Below the Plane of the Cut, We See the Floor, Counters, Tabletops &
Similar Horizontal Surfaces. 5
1. Lightly Draw the Building Outline with a
Single Line. Again Using a Single Line,
FLOOR PLAN
Lightly Draw the Center Lines for Interior
Walls.
2. Add Wall Thickness for Both Exterior &
Interior Walls & other Structural
Elements Such as Posts & Columns.
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FLOOR PLAN
3. Locate & Draw Wall Openings Such as
Windows, Doors, Fireplaces & Stairs.
4. Locate & Draw Bathroom & Kitchen
Fixtures, as Well as Plan Details for Doors
& Windows.
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5. Distinguish Between
Solid Matter and Spatial
Void.
• Differentiate the
Cut Materials from
What is Below Cut
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Plane.
• Hierarchy of Line
Width or Range of
Tonal Values.
Floor Plan With a Single Line Weight Hierarchy of Line Weight to Convey Depth
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FLOOR PLAN • Heaviest Line (Cut Material) Walls and
Column.
• Intermediate Line Weight Delineate
Edge of Horizontal Surface Below the
Cut Plane but Above the Floor.
• Windowsills, Countertops & Railings.
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• The Lightest Line Weights Represent
the Surface Line.
• These Don’t Signify Any Changes in
Surface.
• They Represent Surface Pattern or
Texture of the Floor Plane.
Schwartz House, Two Rivers, Wisconsin, 1939, Frank Lloyd Wright 9
6. Or Emphasize the Shape
of Cut Elements with
Tonal Value That
Contrasts with the Spatial
Field of the Floor Plan.
• Darkening of Cut
Walls, Columns &
Other Solid Matters.
FLOOR PLAN
• It is Typical to Blacken
the Cut Elements
(Small-Scale Plans).
• Use a Middle-Gray
Value (large-scale
plans).
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DOORS & WINDOWS Swinging Door
• We are not able to Show the
Appearance of Doors & Windows
in a Plan View. For this Information,
Swinging Door
We Must Rely on Elevations.
• In Floor Plan We Can Show:
• Location & Width of Door
Opening.
• Limited Degree, Door Jambs. Double - Acting Door
FLOOR PLAN
• Type of Door Operation
(Swings, Slides or Fold Open).
Sliding Door
• Floor Plan Disclose the Location &
Width of Window Openings. Bifold Door
• Windowsill Cut Through Cut Through
Not Cut Through
Window
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ORIENTATION
• North Arrow to Orient the Viewer to the Surrounding
Environment, We Accompany a Floor Plan with a North
Arrow.
• The Normal Convention is to Orientation Floor Plans With
North Facing Up or Upward on the Drawing Sheet.
• If Major Axis of the Building is Less Than 45 Degree East
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or West of North Used Assumed North.
• To Avoid Wordy Titles. (North-Northeast Elevation or
South-Southwest Elevation).
• Orient Floor Plan with its Entrance at the Bottom of the
Drawing.
True North
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FLOOR PLAN
Thanks from your attention!
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